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AD 937 was the most glorious year for Li Bian, a martyr in the Southern Tang Dynasty. On July 7th this year, Li Jia gave birth to a baby boy with a wide face and thick eyebrows. He is the sixth son of Li Jue's eldest son, Li Jing, named Li. He was the person who later handed over "forty years' home and three thousand miles of mountains and rivers" to Nantang, that is, in October of this year, Li Bian finally took it from Wu Pu.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Li Bian kept in mind the old adage of "Look at sages and their families, be thrifty and cut off extravagance", and advised farmers and mulberry farmers to rest their troops and be good neighbors, and rest in peace with people's livelihood. After seven years' hard work, there appeared a thriving scene of "sleeping soldiers inside and outside, farming and weaving for many years, rich cultural relics, and the wind of China and North Korea gradually surviving" ("Talking about Rock Fishing"), which finally made Nantang sound far away and came to North Korea from all directions. This king, who was born in poverty, usually wears simple clothes, sandals and splendid clothes in Luo Qi. Even the utensils used for washing and eating on weekdays are made of iron, and the company is strictly required to purchase gold and silver products; He didn't build it because he was the new emperor. In hot summer, bedroom curtains are still made of kudzu vine instead of gauze. In the long night, I still used the desk lamp that was originally used to illuminate the stable ... It was such a talented monarch who died in Jinling after enjoying a stable life for seven years. On his deathbed, he held the hand of his eldest son, Li Jingtong, tightly, leaving a earnest warning of "keeping your career, being good to your neighbors and defending your country". After Li Jingtong acceded to the throne, he changed his name to Li Jing, and was known as the successor of "born Confucian, doing nothing without knowing". In his second year as emperor, he ignored his father's advice and sent troops to Fujian to attack the king. Since then, Nantang began to decline: in 947, it was defeated by Fuzhou; In 950, Huainan was ceded; In 952, it was completely lost. In 956, the history of the Southern Tang Dynasty took a turning point here, moving towards a turning point from prosperity to decline. Zhao Kuangyin, the general of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, attacked Chuzhou, and the 100,000 troops led by Huang Fuhui, the general of the Southern Tang Dynasty, were instantly annihilated. Huangfuhui died unyielding, and Southern Tang lost Optimus Prime. In addition, Zhou Shizong made two personal expeditions to Nantang, attacking the city and plundering the land, and was invincible. Since then, the national situation has plummeted and the river has gone from bad to worse. In 958, Li Jing had to go to the table and cut off the name of the emperor, calling him the Lord of the country and sealing him as the vassal of the Northern Zhou Dynasty.
This cowardly Southern Tang master is not a wise master of Qiang Bing, a rich country at all, but an expert in juggling the moon. Faced with his life experience of being powerless and unable to stop, he brewed his own swan song, which worried every word and hated every voice, and finally made him a great poet. However, this stormy spring worry, this cold night and this lonely dream can't save the fate of failure. In 19961year, Li Jing died of internal and external troubles.
However, it is Li Jing's charming poet temperament and brilliant literary talent that have exerted a subtle influence on his sons' love of literature and dislike of martial arts in the future, especially for Li Yu's later fascination with painting and calligraphy, and his growth into a peerless wizard who is good at painting and calligraphy, understands temperament and is unique. He created a poetic family with his words and deeds.
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July 96 1 year was the beginning of Li Yisheng, and 25-year-old Li ascended the throne of the Southern Tang Emperor in the stormy weather. This is a big mistake for Li Yu, a romantic talent who lacks both literary talent and martial arts, and has long regarded fame and fortune as a cloud and is afraid of the road. However, it happened that fate was against this charming genius, forcing him to become the king who managed the country and helped the people. However, due to the beautiful vision of Anbang governing the country in the future, Li was renamed Yu at the beginning of his accession to the throne. Jade, from Taixuan, a famous writer in the Western Han Dynasty, "The sun shines on the jade, and the moon shines on the jade at night", which means radiant and well-intentioned.
Li Yu's life can be roughly divided into two periods: one is the emperor's period when he tried his best to live in a corner of the south of the Yangtze River, and the other is the humble Lu period when he fell from the master of a country to the king of the dead end. Because Li Yu was born in the palace and grew up in the hands of women, he did not inherit his grandfather's strong and brave genes at all, but completely inherited his father's weak and literary blood. After he succeeded to the throne, although he settled down in a corner of Jiangnan in various ways, he still enjoyed the life of the emperor. During the day: "the red sun is three feet high, and the golden stove adds fragrance to the beast." Red brocade lichens wrinkle every step. Beauty dances with golden hairpin, and wine smells bad. Don't listen to the flute and drums in the temple. " (Huanxisha); And in the evening: "From the beginning of evening makeup, the muscles are bright and the snow is flying, and the spring temples are filed. The water was blown away by the flute and the song was played again. Who smells better in the wind? When you return, don't put out the candle until you set foot on the horseshoe to clear jathyapple. " ("Jade House Spring").
A song "Huanxisha" and a song "Yulouchun" are the true portrayal of Emperor Li Yu's life. For Li Yu in the early stage, all I can see is the continuation of the leading edge; Listen, just to sing. Today, we can boldly imagine that if Li Yu lives in peace and prosperity, being an elegant emperor can still cope; But he happened to be born at the wrong time, in an era when regime change was turned upside down. He happened to meet another opponent, Zhao Kuangyin, who was tough and illiterate and had to "throw stones" (Liu Yuxi). Without resistance, he had to surrender. This also takes care of the poem that "the emperors in the Southern Dynasties were not blessed and did not write lyrics for the emperor".
In 975 AD, it was the fifteenth year of Li Yu's accession to the throne, and the bad luck of "Seven" fell on Li Yu again. On 27th of this year 1 1, 39-year-old Li Yu held up a white banner when she was cornered. In the first month of 976, Li Yu arrived in the capital of song dynasty. Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin was sitting on Pengde Building at the main entrance of Miyagi, and was captured by the victorious teacher. Poor Li Yu, dressed in white and wearing a hat, knelt under the que, waiting to be punished. Zhao Kuangyin, who is fairly generous, gave Li Yu the title of Doctor Guanglu and proofread the titles of General Taifu and General You. After the death of Song Taizu, Emperor Taizong Zhao Guangyi acceded to the throne and changed Li Yu to Longxi Gong.
Although Li Yu is a minister, he was once the king of a country. The Emperor of the Song Dynasty set aside a small courtyard for daily life, but it was stipulated that he should not contact with outsiders at ordinary times, and his every move was monitored. This not only made him lose his personal freedom, but even the most basic food had to rely on the charity of the Zhao family. Faced with the double destruction of spirit and material, Li Yu had to compress many desperate worries and pains into instant dreams in the confusion of "cutting constantly, reasoning is still chaotic", and rely on it as a dream of spring, sleepwalking like a cloud to get instant comfort-"like an old garden, a car like running water" But when I woke up from a big dream, all that was left was more cruel reality and endless "when is the spring flowers and the autumn moon?" How much do you know about the past! " Sadness and memories.
In 978, Chinese Valentine's Day was Li Yu's birthday, and it was also a good time for the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl to meet at the Magpie Bridge. Li Yu, 42, once again faces the "seven" bad luck. It was originally a festive day, but his life as a minister for more than two years could not help but inspire his gurgling thoughts. "The small building was easterly again last night, and the country can't look at the moon." "How much sadness can you have? Just like a river flowing eastward. " When Zhao Guangyi's swan song reached his ears, Zhao Guangyi flew into a rage and immediately ordered someone to give him a birthday present-a pack of machine-pulling poison. So, when the sun shone into the small building again after a long night, a wisp of Li Yu's soul, only 42 years old, disappeared forever with the river flowing eastward!
Song Taizu and Zhao Kuangyin had thought-provoking comments on Li Yu's ability to govern the country. After Li Yu's surrender to the Song Dynasty, at a big banquet in Song Taizu, Zhao Kuangyin asked Li Yu, "Every time I have a banquet or dinner in Jiangnan, Wen Qing always sings poems and writes lyrics. Can you give me a pair of the most proud couplets for me to appreciate? " Li Yu pondered for a moment and recited a couplet in his favorite poem "Fan Yong": "Let the moon be in your hand and shake the wind." Zhao Kuangyin burst out laughing and teased Li Yu: "Wonderful! Excuse me,' the wind is full', but how many? " Then he disapprovingly commented on Li Yu in public: "What a Hanlin bachelor!" On another occasion, Zhao Kuangyin and courtiers talked about Li Yu and said with deep feelings: "If Li Yu can govern the country with poetry, how can he become my prisoner today?"
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In 975 AD, Jinling City was captured by Cao Bin, the general of the Song Dynasty, and groans of fire and blood were everywhere. As the king of the Southern Tang Dynasty, Li Yu was also inspired by the blood of some men and made a charming oath: if the country is not guaranteed, he will go through fire and water with blood. But at the critical moment when the oath is truly fulfilled, the grandparents are waiting to see the actions of this black sheep and grandchildren. When the people in the war were waiting for the leader who died for his country, Li Yu hesitated and lacked enough courage. Finally, he introduced Shi Yinchongyi and other human flesh, which was called "the middle plate, the historical residence", the imperial capital, and the land where gold powder flourished in the Six Dynasties.
If Li Yu jumps into the fire, not only will history record this tragic scene forever, but the biography of the royal family will re-evaluate and examine this charming and literary emperor. But for the history of China literature, this will be the most unfortunate page. Today, it will be difficult for us to read poems written with blood and tears or even life. Li Yu's masterpiece still conforms to the poem of Zhao Yi, a famous historian in the Qing Dynasty, "The unfortunate poet of the country is lucky, so it is convenient to give it a vicissitudes of life."
Imagine: if there is no painful experience of national ruin and ruin, how can he have emotional attachment and sadness for his motherland? If there is no contradiction between the inhuman prisoner's life and Huang Liang's dream, how can he be heartbroken and sad? If there is no man-made knife, he has experienced it as a fish. How can he be emotionally "as sweet as an appetite" (Xin Qiji) and "writing with blood" (Wang Guowei)? Without the vicissitudes of life as a master of a country and a prisoner of dusk, how can there be a word of his "blood" that can't be added with a tear?
The rolling wheel of history crushed a Southern Tang Dynasty, and the turbulent waves shattered the prosperous spring dream of a monarch in the south of the Yangtze River, and at the same time created a pure poet Li Yu. Li Yu came to the world with a sincere heart, as Wang Guowei said in "Words on Earth": "Poets are childlike. Therefore, being born in the deep palace and growing up in the hands of women is the shortcoming of the late master as a gentleman, which is the strength of the poet. " It is precisely because of Li Yu's frankness, frankness and innocence that he has the sentimental and emotional character of women. It is precisely because of his ups and downs in life that he satisfied his life experience from the most brilliant to the most tragic, that he had infinite nostalgia for his motherland and infinite regret for the pain of national subjugation, and that he used this skillful art form of words to pour out his feelings and express his sadness to the fullest. We can't blame Li Yu for his weakness, because he is a poet who really regards art as his life. Even when his motherland was dying, he was still chanting "Zigui prefect Xiao Louxi" ("Linjiang Xian"). Even on the day when he resigned in panic and left the temple, he let the teaching workshop play a farewell song and shed tears at Gong E; Finally, it was fatal because "the small building was easterly again last night" and "a river of spring water flowed eastward" (Yu Meiren). It's not his fault that he ascended the throne in Southern Tang Dynasty, it's a misunderstanding of history, and he can't help it. At that time, when the national fortune was declining, it was difficult for even a talented monarch to save this precarious decline, not to mention that Li Yu was just a scholar. Compared with Liu Chan, the king of national subjugation, Li Yu deserves people's sympathy. After Liu Chan was captured, he was "happy but didn't want to go home". Although Li Yu became a prisoner, he always cared about his motherland, and he left a real and immortal mark on future generations.
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According to historical records, the bad news of Li Yu's death spread to Jiangnan. Most of the elders in Jiangnan suffered in the streets, and some even arranged vegetarian meals for sacrifice. Zhang Bi, an old minister of Li Yu, regarded Li Yu as his old master. When he was guarding Henan, every year Tomb-Sweeping Day went to Beimang Mountain in Luoyang to sweep the grave and cry, and his grief was abnormal. In the past, when Imperial Secretary Joe's heard that Li Yu had passed away, he took out the facilities of Heart Sutra that Li Yu had given her before and gave them to Suoguo Temple to pray for Li Yu's eternal life. People built Wang Li Temple for Li Yu in Jinling, the old country. Even the birth of Song Huizong Evonne is a mystery: it is said that before his birth, his father Zongshen went to the secretariat to see the portrait of Li Yu, the queen of the Southern Tang Dynasty. "Seeing his elegant figure, he sighed and was dumbfounded", and then he gave birth to Hui Zong. "When I was born, I dreamed that pears and bamboos would come to pay homage, so the literary talent was romantic, and I was over pears and bamboos." This legend of Li Yu's afterlife is not credible, but in Evonne's body, Li Yu's shadow really exists: Hui Zong loved pen and ink and painters since childhood, especially in calligraphy and painting, showing extraordinary talent.
All this shows Li Yu's influence in people's minds.
If there really is reincarnation, history will fool and tease Zhao Song: if Zhao Zhen's afterlife is Li Yu's, he not only really avenged Li Yu's national subjugation, but also ruined the Northern Song Dynasty initiated by Zhao Kuangyin in the hands of his descendants, and also continued Li Yu's artistic life and achieved great artistic brilliance.