Garden catalogue:
Humble Administrator's Garden
Humble Administrator's Garden, together with Beijing Summer Palace, chengde mountain resort and Suzhou Lingering Garden, is called the four classical gardens in China, and is known as "the mother of China gardens". Now it is the national key cultural relics protection unit of Humble Administrator's Garden.
pavilion of surging waves
Canglang Pavilion, located in the south of Suzhou, is the oldest garden in Suzhou. Founded in the Northern Song Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty (A.D. 104 1 ~ 1048), it was once the residence of Han Shizhong, a famous man in the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty (A.D. 12).
Lion Grove
Lion Grove is one of the four famous gardens in Suzhou with a history of more than 600 years. Located in the northeast of Suzhou, it was founded in Yuan Dynasty (AD 1342). Because there are many stone peaks in the garden, which look like lions, it is named "Lion Forest".
Lingering Garden
Lingering Garden is one of the four famous gardens in China. Lingering Garden, located outside Nagato, Suzhou, was founded in the Ming Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, it was called "Hanbi Villa", commonly known as "Liuyuan", and later changed to "Lingering Garden"
the master of nets garden
Master Wang Garden is located in the southeast of Suzhou. Founded in the Southern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1 127 ~ 1279), it was then called "fishing hiding". In the Qing Dynasty, Netscape Garden was rebuilt (A.D. 1736 ~ 1796), and the old meaning of "fishing and seclusion" was adopted, and it was renamed Netscape Garden.
Horticultural Technology
When visiting Suzhou gardens, the biggest attraction is the application of borrowing scenery and contrasting scenery in China garden design. China gardens pay attention to "changing scenery" and have ingenious designs in scenery arrangement and viewing position, which is the most important feature different from western gardens. China Garden tries to perfectly reproduce the space and structure of the external world in the limited internal space. There are courtyards, pavilions and verandahs in the park, and the internal and external spaces penetrate each other, making it smooth, circulating and flowing. Through the lattice window, the vast natural scenery is condensed into a miniature landscape. Inscriptions can be seen everywhere, adding a rich humanistic atmosphere to the garden. Drops of clear water flow under your feet, reflecting the scenery in the garden, intertwined with reality and reality, bringing the viewer from the tangible real world into the infinite dream space. As far as techniques are concerned, borrowing scenery or putting the beautiful scenery outside the garden into the garden through careful selection and tailoring is called remote borrowing; Or use one scene to set off another scene, which is called borrowing scenery, and so on. This not only makes Suzhou gardens with limited area provide richer landscapes and deeper levels, but also greatly expands the spatial feeling of the appreciators. In the Humble Administrator's Garden "Hongyi Pavilion", you can see the North Temple Tower outside the garden; In the flower window of Canglang Pavilion, you can enjoy the bamboo forest outside the house, which is a common way to borrow scenery. You can find the charm of appreciating gardens in Mr. Ye Shengtao's (8-turn Chinese textbook 2 1).
Artistic thinking
China's gardening art has a deep historical origin with China's literature and painting art, especially influenced by the literati's freehand brushwork landscape painting in Tang and Song Dynasties, and it is a model of literati's freehand brushwork landscape simulation. In the course of its development, China gardens have formed two series: royal gardens and private gardens. The former is concentrated in Beijing and the latter is represented by Suzhou. Due to the differences in political, economic, cultural status and natural geographical conditions, there are obvious differences in scale, layout, volume, style and color. Royal gardens are famous for their grandeur, neatness and richness, while Suzhou gardens are famous for their smallness, freedom, exquisiteness, elegance and freehand brushwork. Because the latter pays more attention to the harmony and unity of culture and art, the royal gardens developed in the later period also absorbed a lot of "freehand brushwork" techniques of private gardens in terms of artistic conception, creative thinking, architectural techniques and humanistic content.
living environment
Suzhou's classical gardens and folk houses are integrated, which can be appreciated, visited and lived. The formation of this architectural form is a creation that human beings attach themselves to nature, pursue harmony with nature, beautify and improve their living environment in a densely populated city lacking natural scenery. Humble Administrator's Garden, Lingering Garden, Master's Garden and Huanxiu Mountain Villa are four classical gardens with complete architectural types and well-preserved. They systematically and comprehensively show the layout, structure, shape, style, color, decoration, furniture and furnishings of Suzhou classical garden buildings. They are representative works of Jiangnan folk architecture in Ming and Qing Dynasties (14-early 20th century) and reflect this period. It once influenced the architectural style of the whole city in the south of the Yangtze River, and brought the design, conception, layout, aesthetics and construction technology of folk buildings closer to it, reflecting the scientific and technological level and artistic achievements of urban construction at that time. This is a great historical building!
Social culture
An important feature of Suzhou classical garden is that it is not only the product of history and culture, but also the carrier of China traditional thought and culture. It is manifested in the naming, plaque, calligraphy, carving and decoration of the garden hall, as well as the meaning of flowers and trees and the love of stacked stones. It is not only a beautiful art that adorns the garden, but also stores many historical, cultural, ideological and scientific information, material and spiritual contents. Some reflect and spread various philosophical concepts and schools of thought such as Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism; Some preach the philosophy of life and cultivate noble sentiments; With the help of classical poems and literary works, the landscape is embellished, germinated and rendered, so that people can turn the landscape into feelings in their lives and sightseeing, produce artistic beauty and obtain spiritual satisfaction. The park has a well-preserved collection of calligraphy works by famous calligraphers in China, which is a precious work of art and has high cultural value. In addition, Suzhou Classical Garden, as the first house garden in China, reflects the life style and etiquette of folk living and leaving their relatives in the south of the Yangtze River in ancient China, and is the material for understanding and studying the folk customs in the south of the Yangtze River in ancient China.