Background: In the second year of Emperor Wenzong's reign in the Tang Dynasty, Du Mu's younger brother suffered from eye disease and stayed in Chanzhi Temple in Yangzhou. At that time, Du Mu was the censor and censor, and was in charge of Luoyang, the eastern capital. When he learned the news, he went to Yangzhou with his eye doctor Shi Sheng to visit. The Tang Dynasty stipulates: "After a hundred days of official leave, the union will be terminated." Du Mu resigned due to a leave of more than a hundred days. This poem is intended to describe the silence of Zenzhi Temple, which is not unrelated to the poet's dejected state of mind worrying about his brother's illness and jeopardizing his future.
Appreciation:
"After the rain, the cicadas make a noise, and the pines and osmanthus flutter." Judging from the two words "cicada" and "autumn", it is early autumn. The cicada noise is already hoarse, but the "noise" of the cicada makes the sound even more miserable; the pine branches and osmanthus trees swaying in the wind also reveal the desolate autumn mood. When the poet expressed this scene he had heard and witnessed, his intention and choice of words were very precise. The "noise" reflects the tranquility of Zenzhi Temple. There is noisy in the quiet, and quiet in the noisy. The autumn rain and autumn wind accentuate the loneliness of Zenzhi Temple.
Then, the poet writes about stillness from a visual perspective. "The steps are covered with moss, so the white birds stay behind." If the steps are covered with moss, there are few pedestrians. The white birds lingering in the temple, unwilling to leave, also imply that the temple is empty and sparsely populated. The green moss and the white bird seem to be just things you see, easy to pick up, but they make people feel lonely and desolate.
"Deep trees grow in the evening mist, and small buildings grow under the setting sun." Write stillness from the changes in light and shade. Zenzhi Temple is densely forested and cannot be penetrated by sunlight. As the sun sets in the west, dusk suddenly appears. See stillness in the darkness of thick shade and twilight. "Under the setting sun, go down to the small building", to make up for it by seeing the light from the dark, it is quite the icing on the cake. Through the deep trees in the evening mist, you can see the afterglow of the setting sun, which makes people feel that Zenzhi Temple is cold but not cold, quiet but not dark. However, this is the "setting sun" after all, and it is the setting sun that has "went down the small building". The effect brought by this contrast is unexpectedly quiet, extraordinarily dark, and extraordinarily quiet.
At this point, the poet has shown the tranquility of Zenzhi Temple from different angles, and it seems that the article has been completed. However, suddenly he came up with something new and brought out the lively Yangzhou as a foil: "Who knew that the singing and playing of Zhuxi Road is Yangzhou." Chanzhi Temple is in the northeast of Yangzhou. Sitting in the temple, the autumn wind carries the sound of singing and playing of Yangzhou in the distance. , the poet sighs with emotion: Living in Yangzhou with such noisy singing and dancing and bustling markets, he can only live a desolate life in the quiet Zenzhi Temple. The sadness of "the capital is covered with capital, but the person is alone and haggard" arises spontaneously and cannot be stopped, which is implicit in the description of the scene. It tells the poet's life experiences and desolate feelings.
This is not my analysis, it is quoted from Baidu Encyclopedia^^