How was the Sui and Tang Dynasties divided?

Sui Dynasty, from the establishment of 58 1 to the extinction of 6 18, existed for 37 years and was one of the short-lived dynasties. The Sui Dynasty was a unified, prosperous, prosperous and open dynasty, which was rare in the history of China. Most historians find that the Sui Dynasty was more prosperous than the Tang Dynasty, and the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty came from the foundation laid by the Sui Dynasty. The contribution of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty: establishing a new system of selecting officials, abolishing the six-part system of Northern Zhou Dynasty and establishing the six-part system of three provinces. Emperor Wendi of the Sui Dynasty also made new laws, and the punishment was no longer as cruel as in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Establish "Kai Huang's Law". Create a warehouse. Establish the imperial examination system. Simplify the local official system. Affect future generations for thousands of years. During the period of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, the country was prosperous and the politics was clear, which led to a great situation in the history of China. In order to commemorate the achievements of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, people called the Wendi period "the rule of opening the emperor". Emperor Yang Di established the imperial examination system, collected documents separated by the 300-year war, and built the Grand Canal. At the end of the Sui Dynasty, due to the infighting among warlords, the people were in poverty, the rebels rebelled and stayed in Jiangdu, and the Sui Dynasty was declared dead.

In the Tang Dynasty, * * * existed for 289 years from the establishment of 6 18 to the extinction of Zhu Wen in 907. The prosperity of the Tang Dynasty came from the foundation laid by the Sui Dynasty, which inherited many systems of the Sui Dynasty. It was the many good systems and prosperity of the Sui Dynasty that made the Tang Dynasty prosperous. Now people have an illusion that the Tang Dynasty was very prosperous. In fact, the Sui Dynasty was more prosperous than the Tang Dynasty. The Tang Dynasty was divided into early and late periods, with the Anshi Rebellion as the boundary. Prosperity in the early stage and decline in the later stage. Tang Gaozu established the Tang Dynasty, and Emperor Taizong and Li Shimin led the troops to complete the great cause of reunification in ten years. After the change of Xuanwumen and Li Shimin's accession to the throne, the Tang Dynasty was unprecedentedly prosperous in the feudal society of China, and "Zhenguan rule" appeared, which was ahead of the world in politics, economy and culture. Since then, in the Xuanzong period of the Tang Dynasty, "Kaiyuan Shi Sheng" has appeared again, and the world of strengthening the country, enriching the people and maintaining peace has once again appeared. However, it was also during the Xuanzong period of the Tang Dynasty that the Anshi Rebellion took place and the Tang Dynasty went into decline.

During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, there were many achievements in laws and regulations, such as the system of three provinces and six departments, the imperial examination system and the two tax laws, which had a far-reaching impact on later generations. Sui and Tang Dynasties adopted a relatively open policy and frequent economic and cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries. Tang poetry is the greatest achievement in literature. Chen Ziang in the early Tang Dynasty, Li Bai and Du Fu in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen in the middle Tang Dynasty, and Li Shangyin and Du Mu in the late Tang Dynasty are outstanding representatives. The ancient prose movement advocated by Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan had a great influence on later generations. Yan Zhenqing's calligraphy, Yan, Wu Daozi, Wang Wei's paintings, music and dances such as "Dancing in Dress and Feather", and numerous grotto arts are all passed down to later generations. In terms of science and technology, printing and gunpowder, two of China's four great inventions, appeared in this period.

In the late Tang Dynasty, there was political chaos, from the struggle between Niu and Li to the eunuch's autocracy. During this period, peasant uprisings continued, and finally the Huang Chao Uprising broke out. Zhu Wen was one of the leaders of the uprising. He began to rebel against the Tang Dynasty, and later replaced the Tang Dynasty as the emperor, establishing the first dynasty of the Five Dynasties-Hou Liang.

Emperor Yangdi and Tang Taizong Li Yuan are both grandchildren of Du in the Western Wei Dynasty, that is, the queen of Emperor Wendi and Li Bing (the father of Li Yuan) are two sisters. Therefore, many historians refer to Yang Sui and Li Tang as Sui and Tang Dynasties. The picture on the right shows the famous families in Sui and Tang Dynasties, all of which are related. Less obviously, Princess Linchuan of Li Shimin is the daughter-in-law of Sun Shang of Fa Zhou.