Ming Yuqian
A thousand hammers cut deep mountains,
When the fire started, it was idle.
I'm not afraid of fractures,
Leave your innocence in the world.
[Introduction to the author]
Yu Qian (1398- 1457) was born in Qiantang (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang) in the Ming Dynasty, and his name was Ting Yi. Yongle Jinshi, Xuande first gave advice, and once suppressed the rebellion of Hanwang Zhu with Xuanzong. Out of Jiangxi, praise is everywhere. Five years (1430), assistant minister of the right Ministry of War, governor of Shanxi, Henan. In the eleventh year of orthodoxy (1446), Wang Zhen and others persecuted him and sent him to prison for execution. Later, officials from two provinces and even Wang Li demanded to be reinstated. Fourteen years of civil strife, Ming Yingzong was captured by Walla. He strongly rejected the idea of moving south, persisted and entered the Ministry of War. On behalf of Li Zong, he reorganized the army, deployed the key points, personally supervised the war, and with an army of 220,000 troops, he arrayed himself outside the Beijing-Kowloon Gate and defeated several runners-up in Vara. It's better to do more than one thing, governor's military affairs. First, English sects were forced to make peace. He put the country above the monarch and banned it. First, he was forced to release Yingzong without any gap. Since the return of Yingzong, it is still difficult to rely on peace talks. The elite of the Beijing army was selected to practice in ten regiments, and the troops were sent to guard the border. At that time, there were a lot of things in one's hand and in one's hand, but asking for advice was going it alone. When it was appropriate, he ordered a clear trial, and Wan Li went out on a piece of paper. He was worried about his country and people and forgot his health, but he didn't say what he did. He lives frugally, but he is practical and honest, which is quite taboo. In the first year of Tianshun (1457), the British emperor was restored, and others falsely accused him of being the son of Xiang Wang and were killed. At the beginning of Chenghua, he was reinstated and sacrificed. Hongzhi died in the second year (1489). Wanli was changed to loyalty. There is Yu's Su Zhong Ji.
[Notes]
Chant: chant.
Hard work: It is very difficult to mine lime. Hammer. Hammer. Chisel, dig.
If you are free: This seems very common.
Xiongnu: All of them.
Innocence: refers to the pure white color of lime, and also refers to noble moral integrity.
[Poetry translation, poetry]
(Stone) can only be mined from the mountain after many impacts. It regards the burning of fire as an ordinary thing, even if it is smashed into pieces, it is not afraid, and it is willing to leave its innocence in the world.
[Appreciation]
This is a poem that holds things in the air to express one's ambition. The author uses lime as a metaphor to express his determination to be loyal to the country, not afraid of sacrifice and stick to noble sentiments.
As an object-chanting poem, it is of no value if it is only a mechanical record of things without the deep meaning of the author. The value of this poem lies in the metaphor that lime is everywhere, and reciting lime is to praise a person's open mind and lofty personality.
The first sentence, "It's not easy to dig limestone". The second sentence is "If the fire burns, it will be idle." "Burning", of course, refers to burning limestone. Adding the word "if you are idle" makes people feel that you are not only burning limestone, but also seems to symbolize that people with lofty ideals will take their time and regard it as idle no matter how severe the test is. The third sentence is "I am not afraid of death." "Broken to Pieces" vividly describes that limestone is burned into lime powder. The word "not afraid at all" reminds us that there may be a spirit of not being afraid of sacrifice. As for the last sentence "keep the world innocent", it is the author's sincere feelings and determination to be a pure and innocent person.
Yu Qian was deeply loved by the people for being an official and upright, rehabilitating unjust imprisonment and relieving famine. In Ming Yingzong, Walla invaded and Yingzong was captured. Yu Qian proposed the establishment of Jingdi, personally led the troops to stick to Beijing, repelled Vala, and rescued the people from the brutal rule of Mongolian nobles again. However, after the British Restoration, the national hero was falsely killed for "treason". This poem of lime can be said to be a true portrayal of Yu Qian's life and personality.
Yuqian Hangzhou ancestral hall
"Jiangshan also wants great people to help, deifying painters to draw pictures. Lai Youyue was in Shuangshaobao, and the world began to feel the West Lake. " In Yuan Mei's well-known poem, Yu Shaobao, who is as famous as Yue Fei and adds color to the West Lake, is Yu Qian, a national hero of the Ming Dynasty who was born in Hangzhou and finally buried in the West Lake.
1398, Yu Qian was born in Li Taiping, Qiantang County, Zhejiang Province (now Ancestral Hall Lane, Hangzhou). When he was a teenager, he studied hard and had great ambitions. During the Yongle period, he was a scholar and embarked on his official career. He was governor of Jiangxi and governor of Henan and Shanxi. He served as an official 19 years, worked diligently for the people, and remained uncorrupted, which won the love of the people. In the fourteenth year of the Orthodox Church (1449), the Mongol Warrap invaded, which led to civil strife, Ming Yingzong was captured and the Ming Dynasty was in danger. Yu Qian was appointed minister of the Ministry of War, put forward the idea that "the country is more important than the monarch", tried his best to stop moving south, personally commanded hundreds of thousands of soldiers and civilians to defend the famous Beijing in history, repelled Walla, saved the day, and wrote a heroic and glorious page in the history of China. After the release of Yingzong, the rebellion of seizing the door resumed. 1457 February, Yu Qian was unjustly killed in Beijing for the crime of "rebellion". Two years later, Yu Qian's soul returned to his hometown, and his son Yu Kang helped the coffin to the south, and buried his body in the foothills of Santai Mountain in the south of Hangzhou West Lake. In the second year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty (1489), Yu Qian's unjust case was rehabilitated. Emperor Xiaozong praised his contribution to the country, held a memorial service for him, and built a memorial hall next to the tomb, named "Gong Jing Temple". Over the past 500 years, Yu Qian's ancestral hall has been destroyed and built repeatedly. The existing buildings are the old relics rebuilt in the eight years of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty, and the pattern is still complete. Since May, 9 1 year, Yuqian ancestral hall has undergone four renovations, and it was 1998, which is the 600th anniversary of Qian's birth.
Ancestral Hall of Yu Qian is a traditional ancestral temple building, with white walls and grey tiles, red painted doors, and the characters "Yu Gong Temple" are solemn. There are three entrances to the ancestral hall, namely, the front hall, the main hall and the back hall. Between the front hall and the main hall, there is one in the north wing, one in the south wing and one in the north wing, with a construction area of about 900 square meters. The courtyard is a quiet place with lush vegetation and shady trees.
The front hall was turned into a preface hall, and the couplets on both sides of the hall door were written by Lin Zexu: "After a long discussion, where can I get this person?" Qing Jiaqing in June (1822), Lin Zexu was appointed as Hangjiahu Road in Zhejiang. He proposed to raise funds to repair Tomb of Yuqian Ancestral Hall, and took the lead in donating his official gifts. Hanging on the "Centennial" plaque is a high summary of Qian's life achievements. The preface is engraved on a huge limestone in the center of the preface hall. The shape of limestone is taken from the poem "Poetry of Lime" written by Qian when he was a teenager. "I am not afraid of being smashed to pieces, but I want to leave my innocence in the world" is also a true portrayal of Yu Qian's integrity, clean hands and noble character all his life. Qian chronology and Yu Qian's genealogy are displayed on the walls on both sides, and a portrait of Yu Qian and his wife painted in the Qing Dynasty is particularly eye-catching. Simple cases, chairs and other Ming-style furniture are also placed in the hall to render the atmosphere.
The main hall is the main part of Yu Qian's ancestral hall, and it is also the most distinctive exhibition place, with a total width of 2 1.8m and a depth of 14. 15m ... In the center of the hall is a statue of Yu Qian, who is in awe, bright-eyed and awe-inspiring. The height of the image is 3.2m, and the base1.3m is a sea spray pattern. On the back of the statue is the "Lime Poetry" wall inscribed by Marshal Xu. Above the statue, there is a gold-lettered "Dan Xin Anti-Festival" plaque on a black background, which was inscribed by Emperor Qianlong when he visited Hangzhou in the 16th year of Qianlong. On the pillars of the temple hung several couplets praising Yu Qian's immortal achievements, all written by famous Ming and Qing dynasties and inscribed by contemporary calligraphers. There are two large semi-circular relief murals on the wall of the main hall. On the left is the battle of Beijing, and on the right is the scene of the change of the civil fort. Each painting is relatively independent, but overall, it is quite dignified and spectacular. Using the changing lighting effect of light and shadow, supplemented by the sonorous background music of "House of Flying Daggers", people feel immersive, as if they were in the shadows of swords and swords, killing people like hemp. This mural is 3 meters high and 46 meters wide. After many revisions by experts, it was completed under the guidance of Mr. Wang Zhuoyu, a sculptor of China Academy of Fine Arts. Murals have broken through the display pattern of general ancestral temples, leaving no pillars on the walls, and echoing plaques, couplets and statues from afar have a strong artistic shock effect. There are several Qing Dynasty stone tablets embedded in the back wall of the statue, one of which is inscribed by Yang Chang in Xiangxiang, named "A Portrait of Loyalty and Righteousness to a Teacher from the Ministry of War of Ming Dynasty", and nine are inscribed by Yuan Mei, named "Rebuilding the Temple Monument of Loyalty and Righteousness".
The back hall displays Yu Qian's life story, which is divided into four parts: youth ambition, diligent and honest administration, defending Beijing and going down in history. Yu Qian's noble character, outstanding achievements and tragic life are introduced in detail. On both sides of the showcase, Yu Qian's works and critical works of past dynasties are displayed respectively, including Gong Ji, Biography of Bao Cuizhong, Epitaph of Yugong Temple, etc.
The North Annex Building and the South Annex Building are used as weapons rooms and reception rooms respectively. The weapon room displays all kinds of ordnance of the Ming Dynasty, including artifacts and artillery used in the Shenji camp. There are many kinds of weapons in Ming Dynasty, which are huge in quantity, beautifully made and high in technology, and have high research and appreciation value.
In the courtyard between the front hall and the back hall, stands a majestic Iron Rhino, about 2 meters high and 2.5 meters in circumference, with a black body and a single angle facing the sky. On his back, Yu Qian personally wrote "the inscription of the iron rhinoceros in the town river", which is a historical testimony of Yu Qian's diligence, love for the people and governance of the Yellow River. The Yellow River has flooded since ancient times. During his tenure as governor of Henan, he made great efforts to govern, running up and down, and devoted himself to water control. In order to inspire people's confidence in overcoming floods, 1446 sent people to cast this statue of "iron rhinoceros in the town", expressing their good wishes for eradicating floods in the Yellow River and letting people live a stable and happy life. Original remains of Tieniu Village in Kaifeng, Henan Province.
There is a well on the right side of the patio, and a monument named "Zhongquan" stands beside it. According to the Li Duo tablet of Qing Dynasty in the temple, this spring was discovered during the reconstruction of Yuqian Ancestral Temple during the reign of Kangxi. The spring water is clear and sweet, so it is named after the saying that "loyalty to the monarch is like water to the ground". In the courtyard of Houdian, there are still several stone tablets from Ming and Qing Dynasties, namely, four stone tablets (Hongzhi, Jiajing, Wanli and Kangxi) and a remnant tablet from Qianlong period.
About 50 meters north of the gate of Yuqian Ancestral Temple, you can see Amin-style archway, long pyramid-shaped mound, lush vegetation, and stone Weng Zhong and stone beasts standing on both sides, adding a bit of solemnity to the tomb area. At the end of the 100-meter tomb is Tomb of Yuqian, a provincial key cultural relic protection unit. The tombstone reads "Daming Shaobao and the minister of the Ministry of War gave a teacher Yizhong cemetery", which was re-engraved in 1982 when the tomb was resumed. The embossed peony pedestal under the monument and the stone altar in front of the tomb are the original objects of the Ming Dynasty.
Yuqian Ancestral Temple is the fifth batch of patriotic education bases in Hangzhou. After several years of planning and construction, Yuqian Ancestral Temple Scenic Area has been formed, which integrates cultural relics such as Qianzong Temple, Tomb of Yuqian, Tomb Road, memorial archway, natural forest and green land, and its area has also been expanded from the original 6,000 square meters to 3 1000 square meters. At present, Yuqian Sculpture Square, Zhongqianchi and Yuqian Poetry Gallery are under construction in the scenic area, and the annex hall is planned to be restored as a hall for praying for dreams. With the advancement of the West Lake westward project, the ancestral temple in Yuqian Scenic Area will become an important cultural landscape. (Liu Chunhui)