Tan Sitong (1865-1898) was a bourgeois reformist political commentator in the late Qing Dynasty. The courtesy name is Fusheng and the nickname is Beifei. He is from Liuyang, Hunan. Dissatisfied with the corrupt rule of the Qing government, he advocated reform and reform. The book "Benevolence" written in 1897 deeply criticized the feudal ethics program Changmingjiao. In 1898, he and Tang Caichang organized the Nanjing Society in Hunan and founded the "Xiang Daily" to promote the Western bourgeois social and political theories and reform proposals. In August, he was called to Beijing to serve as Zhang Jing of the Military Aircraft Department and participated in the Reform Movement of 1898. He was arrested during the 1898 Coup of 1898 and was killed in Caishikou, Beijing, along with Yang Rui, Lin Xu, Liu Guangdi, Kang Guangren, and Yang Shenxiu on the 28th. Politically, he criticized the autocratic regime and Gangchang Mingjiao. Philosophically, he inherited Wang Fuzhi's view that "the Tao is inseparable from the instrument." He also borrowed the physics term "ether" to represent the origin of the world. The poems written are vigorous in style and full of patriotic spirit. His works are compiled into "The Complete Works of Tan Sitong".
Huang Zunxian (1848-1905), also known as Gongdu, was born in Jiaying Prefecture (now Meixian County), Guangdong in the late Qing Dynasty. He once served as Counselor of the Embassy in Japan and Consul General in Singapore. In 1895, he joined the Shanghai Qiang Society and founded the "Current Affairs News". In 1897, he participated in the founding of the Nanxue Society in Hunan. He advocated reform to become stronger and followed the example of Japan's Meiji Restoration. He is the author of "Ren Jing Lu Shi Cao" and so on.
Weng Tonghe (1830-1904) was an important minister in the late Qing Dynasty. His courtesy name is Shengfu, his nickname is Shuping, and his later nickname is Songchan. He is a native of Changshu, Jiangsu Province. Xianfeng champion. In 1876, he became the tutor of Emperor Guangxu. He successively served as Minister of Justice, Industry, and Household Affairs, as well as Minister of Military and Aircraft. From 1895 to 1898, he also served as Minister of the Prime Minister's Yamen and other important positions. During the Sino-French and Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese Sino-French Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War, they both advocated war and rebelled against peace. After the war, he supported the ideas of Kang Youwei and other reformers, plotted to take over the power of Emperor Guangxu, became the leader of the imperial party, and secretly recommended Kang Youwei to Emperor Guangxu. Because of the hatred of the Empress Dowager Cixi, he was dismissed and returned home in June 1898. After the 1898 Coup of 1898, he was dismissed from his post, never to be used again, and placed under strict control by local officials. He was later given the posthumous title "Wen Gong" by the Qing court. He was once famous for his calligraphy, including "The Diary of Wengwen Gonggong" and "Pinglu Poetry Manuscript".
Emperor Guangxu (1871-1908), the emperor of the Qing Dynasty (1875-1908), whose surname was Aixinjueluo and whose name was Zaitan, was Manchu. The temple name is Dezong and the reign name is Guangxu. At the beginning of her accession to the throne, Empress Dowager Cixi took control of the government. After taking office in 1881, he was still under hijack. After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1894, the national crisis was unprecedentedly serious. In 1898, he adopted the reform ideas of Kang Youwei and others and promulgated a series of reform edicts on culture, education, military, economy, politics, etc., in an attempt to get rid of the control of the Empress Dowager Cixi and achieve a rich country and a strong military through reforms, which aroused the jealousy of die-hards. After the 1898 Coup on September 21, he was imprisoned in Yingtai, Zhongnanhai, until his death on November 14, 1908.
Tang Caichang (1867-1900) was a reformer in the late Qing Dynasty. The courtesy name is Fochen, a native of Liuyang, Hunan. In 1898, he organized the Nanjing Society in Hunan and founded the Hunan Newspaper to publicize the reform and reform. In July 1900, the Self-Reliance Association was organized in Shanghai, with the purpose of "preserving China's right to self-reliance and creating a new self-reliance country". It planned to raise troops to serve the king and support Guangxu in power. Failure to kill.
Rong Lu (1836-1903) Guarjia, courtesy name Zhonghua, was a native of Zhengbai Banner, Manchuria in the late Qing Dynasty. He once served as Minister of the Ministry of War and other positions. In 1898, he was transferred to the Governor-General of Zhili and Minister of Beiyang to assist Empress Dowager Cixi in launching the 1898 Coup of 1898. The following year, he planned to build a reserve in Jihai. In 1900, the Eight-Power Allied Forces were defeated when they attacked Beijing and fled to Xi'an.
Sai Jinhua (about 1872-1936) was a famous prostitute in the late Qing Dynasty. His original name is Fu Caiyun, a native of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province. He once went abroad with Hong Jun, the minister to Russia, Germany, Austria and the Netherlands. Later she worked as a prostitute in Shanghai and Beijing. He died of illness in Beijing in 1936.
Zhu Hongdeng (?—1899) leader of the Boxer Rebellion. His original name was Zhu Fengming, a native of Sishui, Shandong. He practiced medicine as a profession. In 1899, he organized Boxer Boxing in Changqing, Chiping and Pingyuan areas of Shandong Province to engage in the fight against church aggression. They defeated the Qing troops who came to suppress them in Lizhuang and Senluodian, Gangzi, Pingyuan. In December of that year, he was trapped and killed by the Qing government.
Zhang Decheng (?—1900) one of the leaders of the Boxer Rebellion. A native of Xincheng, Zhili (now Hebei). In April 1900, the Boxer Rebellion was organized. In June, he went to Zizhulin, Tianjin to fight against the Eight-Power Allied Forces. After the fall of Tianjin, he was killed in Jinghai (today's Tianjin).
Cao Futian (?—1900) one of the leaders of the Boxer Rebellion. A native of Jinghai (now part of Tianjin), Zhili. Organized the Boxer Rebellion in 1900. In June, he went to Tianjin to fight against the Eight-Power Allied Forces. After the fall of Tianjin, he was killed in Jinghai.
Lin Heier, the female leader of the Boxer Rebellion. In 1900, she founded the Boxer Women's Organization "Hongdengzhao" in Tianjin, calling herself the "Mother of the Yellow Lotus" and leading participation in the battle to defend Tianjin. He was arrested after the fall of Tianjin and his whereabouts are unknown.