Before Sui Dynasty, landscape appeared as the background of figure painting. In the turbulent Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the idea of returning to nature prevailed, and many literati retired from the mountains, resulting in a number of pastoral poets and landscape painters.
In the early Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong and Li Shimin attached importance to painting as a tool to maintain political power.
The Tang Dynasty was a very developed period of political culture in China. At that time, printing was not popular, and a large number of documents and books were copied, so regular script was extremely prosperous, which was the peak of regular script art in the history of Chinese calligraphy.
The Tang Dynasty was an era of great development of feudal politics, economy and culture in China. Poetry, painting, calligraphy, music and dance in culture and art all radiate brilliant brilliance. Calligraphy reached another peak in the Tang Dynasty, which was manifested in the development of individual calligraphy, such as original calligraphy, cursive script, official script, seal script and running script, and great achievements were made in running script and running script, which had a far-reaching impact on China's calligraphy art; A large number of famous calligraphers have emerged in various calligraphy styles, and their calligraphy works, regardless of inscriptions, have been handed down from generation to generation, greatly enriching the treasure house of China's calligraphy art; The styles of various calligraphy styles reflect the "prosperous Tang Dynasty". "Most of the real calligraphers were born out of Wang Xizhi, but they inherited the dual traditions of ink and tablet since Wei and Jin Dynasties, and gradually stood out from the Wang family calligraphy school of Li Yan in elementary school, with strict style and strict statutes. Cursive writers, especially cursive writers, gradually become bigger and smaller (referring to Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi), and tend to Yu Feixiang and escape. Although the development of seal script is not much, it can also describe the legacy of Qin and Han dynasties, the rigorous stars, or the vigorous and lively new style. " This passage in China Calligraphy and Painting, edited by Mr. Yang, sums up the characteristics of calligraphy art in the Tang Dynasty. The main calligraphers and important inscriptions in the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties include The Thousand Characters of True Grass written by Zhi Yong of Sui Dynasty, which is collected by the Jianzhai family in Nana Ogawa. In the Tang Dynasty, Ou Yangxun's official script Zongshengguan Ji, the authentic version of Huadu Temple Pagoda Ming and the authentic version of Jiuchenggong Liquan Ming were inscribed. The ink marks are cursive "Thousand Characters", running script "Thousand Characters" and Historical Records. Yu Shinan Confucius Temple Monument (re-carved in Song and Yuan Dynasties), epitaph of Princess Runan, etc. Chu Suiliang's stone inscriptions, such as Yi Que Buddhist Shrine Monument, Master Meng Monument, Preface to Yanta Province, Square Monument, Preface to Tongzhou Shengjiao, etc., as well as the ink handed down from ancient times such as Fu on Dead Trees and Ni Kuanzan, are mostly made by later generations. Yukime's "Nobuyuki Zen Master Monument" and so on. The above four people are called "the four great masters of Europe, Henan, Chu and Xue in the early Tang Dynasty". The most famous cursive writers in the Tang Dynasty were Zhang Xu and Huai Su. Zhang Xu's representative is the Four Sticks of Ancient Poems handed down by Mo. There are many works handed down from ancient times by Huai Su. The famous ink marks include autobiographical notes, bitter pipa notes, small thousand-character writings and so on. Authentic calligraphy has made unprecedented development and achievements in the Tang Dynasty, which has a great influence on the development of authentic calligraphy in later generations. Beginners of calligraphy, in particular, must learn from the original works. To learn the original works, they must be familiar with "Yan and Liu". Yan is Yan Zhenqing, whose main works handed down from generation to generation include the Multi-Tower Induction Monument, Oriental Painting Praise Monument, Guojia Temple Monument, Magu Fairy Altar, Ode to the Center, Yuan Ci Mountain Monument, Song Jing Monument, Yan Monument, Yanjia Temple Monument, Confession Book and so on. Liu Gongquan's stone carvings mainly include Diamond Sutra, Mysterious Tower Monument, Shence Army Monument and Li Sheng Monument. Handed down ink is famous for Meng Tie. There are many famous calligraphers and their masterpieces in the Tang and Five Dynasties, such as Sun and his Shu Pu, Lu Fu, Zhong Shaojing and his Runwheel King Jing, Li Yong and his Yunhui General Monument, his Bukong Monk Monument, He and his Xiao Jing, Li and his Temple Monument, etc.