The earliest ink was an aqueous solution of dyes. This ink fades easily and can't be kept for a long time. Later, chemists found that tannic acid and iron ions contained in plants such as gallnut can be firmly attached to fibers such as paper and cloth, forming handwriting and never fading. It's so smooth to use it as ink. However, iron saddle acid is a kind of fine powder, which is insoluble in water and will block the cracks and capillaries of the pen tip, so it can't be used at all. However, ferrous malate can be dissolved in acidic aqueous solution, exposed to air and slowly oxidized, automatically turning into black iron saddle acid. Dissolving ferrous sulfate and kneading acid in water won't it become ink? But this kind of ink has almost no color, and looks similar to clear water. So you need to add some blue dye to use it.
Question 2: What kind of pen is a quill? Haha, it's a pen made of goose feathers ~! !
Feather pens are made of the feathers of large birds. Most of them used to be taken from the wings of geese. After degreasing and hardening, the nib can be cut. Before fountain pens, pens and metal-tipped ballpoint pens were invented in the west, quill pens were the main writing tools, and they should be dipped in ink before writing. Hand-cut quill pens are the first choice for writing western calligraphy, which can produce different strokes and toughness from metal pens. The quill pen can absorb ink and supply water continuously due to capillary action when writing.
Before the Middle Ages, most of them were written with reed pens, and later they were gradually replaced by quill pens. Writing materials are parchment and papyrus.
Feather pens became popular around 700 AD. The strongest quill pens are mostly taken from the five feathers on the outermost layer of birds' wings, and the feathers on the left wing are better, because the growth angle is more in line with the pen-holding habits of right-handed users. Besides geese, quill pens made of swan feathers are rare and expensive; If you want to write fine fonts, crow feathers are the best, followed by eagles, owls, turkeys and so on.
There are different ways to make the tip of quill pens, depending on the purpose of writing. For example, the font is relatively thick, and it is cut obliquely at a large angle. When writing small letters, it is sharpened, just like pens now have M, F, B and so on. However, the quill pen is quite easy to wear, which also causes some writing charm of western calligraphy.
Question 3: How to make white goose feathers with quill pens and how to do anti-corrosion treatment? After all, it's from a living thing? Why do you use goose feathers to make a writing brush?
Question 4: Are there various ways to make the tip of quill pens? Feather pens are made from the feathers of big birds. Of course, most of them are pulled from geese. Before the invention of the metal nib, the quill pen was an early writing tool in the West. You must dip in ink to write when you use it.
There are many ways to make the tip of quill pen, which varies according to the purpose of writing. For example, bold words are formed by oblique cutting at a large angle. When you write small letters, you sharpen them. However, the quill pen is quite easy to wear, which also causes some writing charm of western calligraphy.
Question 5: What did the ancient westerners spill on the paper after writing with quill pens? The quill pen leaked ink, which stained the commercial contract and cost wortmann a big business. This matter had a great influence on him and made him determined to reform. The quill pen can't hold ink, so he added a leather bag to the pen to hold ink. As soon as the quill pen overflowed, he designed a tongue with a capillary, and the tip of the pen had a tiny crack, and the ink slowly flowed down along the crack. Press the pen tip again, the crack expands, and there is more ink. Tap the pen tip lightly, the crack closes and the ink changes. Since then, pens and pencils have replaced the quill pens used by Europeans for a long time. The earliest ink was an aqueous solution of dyes. This ink fades easily and can't be kept for a long time. Later, chemists found that tannic acid and iron ions contained in plants such as gallnut can be firmly attached to fibers such as paper and cloth, forming handwriting and never fading. It's great to use it as ink. However, iron saddle acid is a kind of fine powder, which is insoluble in water and will block the cracks and capillaries of the pen tip, so it can't be used at all. However, ferrous malate can be dissolved in acidic aqueous solution, exposed to air and slowly oxidized, automatically turning into black iron saddle acid. Dissolving ferrous sulfate and kneading acid in water won't it become ink? But this kind of ink has almost no color, and looks similar to clear water. So you need to add some blue dye to use it.
Question 6: How to make quill pens? Cut the goose feather tube into an inclined plane with a sharp knife and dip it in ink to write. Make several spare copies at a time, because there are too many right angles in Chinese writing, which is easy to hurt the pen.