Extensive reading is extensive reading, that is, people with wide reading range, wide knowledge and insight. We should not only read books on natural science, but also books on social science. Excellent works of different styles in ancient and modern China and foreign countries should be widely read, learn from others' strengths and innovate.
(2) Intensive reading
It is necessary to read carefully, think repeatedly, study repeatedly, and analyze and evaluate at the same time, so as to understand thoroughly and understand in the heart, so as to absorb the essence. Books and masterpieces of this major should adopt this method. Only by careful study and careful chewing can the article be "dug, researched and refined". It can be said that intensive reading is the most important reading method.
(3) Read through
That is, read the books, newspapers and magazines from beginning to end and have a general view, aiming at understanding, reading through and understanding the whole picture, so as to obtain a complete impression and obtain the effect of "bird's eye view and panorama". This method can be used for more important books, newspapers and magazines.
(4) Skip reading
This is a skipping reading method. You can put aside the irrelevant content in the book, grasp the bones and muscles of the book, and focus on the views of each paragraph. Sometimes when you encounter a problem in reading and you can't figure it out after repeated thinking, you can skip it and continue reading backwards.
(5) Fast reading
This is a kind of fast reading method, that is, Tao Yuanming advocates "good reading, not seeking very much understanding." You can take the "scanning method", read ten lines at a glance, browse the article quickly, and only understand the general idea of the article. This method can speed up reading and expand reading volume, and is suitable for reading similar books or reference books.
(6) Skimming
This is a rough reading method. When reading, you can just flip through it and get a general understanding; You can also grasp the key sentences of comments, find out the main points, and understand the main facts or typical examples. This part of the content is often at the beginning or end of the article, and you can get a general understanding by paying attention to the title, introduction or end to achieve the purpose of reading.
(7) Read it again
Valuable books and magazines should not be read only once, but should be studied repeatedly, so as to "review the old and learn the new" Voltaire, a famous thinker and writer, thinks that "rereading old books is like reunion of old friends". Repetition is the mother of learning. Repetitive learning is conducive to deepening the understanding of knowledge and is an enhancer for deepening memory.
(8) Writing and reading
The ancients said, "Don't read without moving pen and ink", and there was also a saying that "a good memory is not as good as a bad pen". The combination of reading with doing excerpts, remembering experiences and writing articles can not only accumulate a lot of materials, but also effectively improve the writing level, enhance reading ability and transform knowledge into skills and skills.
(9) Preface reading
Before reading, you can read the preface and examples, understand the outline of the content, make clear the procedure and purpose of writing a book, and read it with guidance. After reading it, you can read the preface and examples again to deepen your understanding and consolidate your improvement.
(10) Selected reading
Is to have a choice when reading. Throughout the ages, human cultural treasures are extremely rich. After all, a person's energy is limited, and there will be no good result if he doesn't choose. You can choose a bibliography to read according to your own situation, so as to get twice the result with half the effort.
(1) Replace memory with understanding; (2) Only by concentrating your thoughts can you generate interest; (3) Asking is more important than answering; (4) Books are divided into three kinds of reading-general idea, details and main points; (1) Chinese reading comprehension-correct problem-solving methods and skills in reading materials.
The so-called "reading materials" means reading the written materials on the test paper, reading the full text and grasping the theme of the article. Understand the basic ideas of materials, and make clear the levels and paragraphs of materials. After browsing the full text and understanding the general situation of the full text, you should remember the main points, important conclusions and some key names, places, definitions and figures of the article. Different names and places can be marked on the test paper with pencils for easy searching.
The written materials of reading comprehension questions are mainly used to test students' reading speed, understanding ability and memory ability. Some use a sentence, some use a paragraph or an entire article. It has a wide range of contents and different themes. According to the difficulty of the topic, people often divide it into shallow understanding and deep understanding. The so-called surface understanding is the perception and memory of objective facts in the text; The so-called profound understanding is to draw a conclusion based on the objective facts in the text after careful thinking, logical reasoning, summary or generalization.
Usually, when reading the written materials on the test paper, you need to read quickly for the first time. First of all, you should focus on whether the genre of the article is narrative or expository. When answering questions, don't rush to write answers without completely reading the written materials on the test paper. It's best to read the article from beginning to end first, and have an overall understanding and understanding of the article. Secondly, we should clarify the thinking of the article. Generally speaking, every paragraph and sentence of the article, in the final analysis, is to clarify the center and return to the main idea of the article. Usually, we should learn to bid for articles, summarize the meaning of each paragraph and summarize the central idea. Summarizing the general idea of a paragraph is often an effective way to solve the problem of reading comprehension.
Some students want to use the "sequential reading method", that is, read the passage first, then read the topic, and then read the passage to find the correct answer. Some students use the "backward reading method", that is, first read the topic (four options are not read), then read the passage and finally find the answer. I am in favor of "reading backwards", because this reading method is reading with questions, with clear purpose and easy concentration, and can grasp the information closely related to solving problems in time, thus saving reading time. "Reading backwards" is most suitable for superficial understanding of topics (time, place, reasons, etc.). For a deeper understanding of the topic, we should start from the overall content of the essay, summarize and analyze the options provided, and make an accurate judgment.
Therefore, the central step to solve this kind of problem is reading, which depends on both the short passage and the topic. Pay attention to reading skills and improve reading efficiency. On the basis of the above points, we can judge and answer the questions given at the back of the article by "one-time judgment", "one-by-one analysis" and "exclusion" respectively.
(B) Chinese reading comprehension correct problem-solving methods and skills-find the original.
The so-called "finding the original words" is to find the paragraphs that need keywords, words or sentences in Chinese reading comprehension, so that students can circle the written materials and then understand and analyze them. Of course, the purpose of finding the original words is to find out the meaning of the problem and determine the reading space and scope to solve the problem.
On the basis of reading the full text, put the questions to be answered in the written materials on the reading paper, then browse the questions to be answered, and determine the reading space for solving problems after preliminary thinking. Understand the article, then analyze the sentence structure and determine the composition of parts of speech and words in the sentence. At the same time, the information provided by sentences can be used to extract effective information directly from articles or written materials. Some questions need to be answered in the original text, so we can answer them in the original text, and then we can "extract information directly from the article" to answer the questions.
If it doesn't explicitly ask for an answer in the original words of the article, we can also "extract information directly from the article" to answer the question. If students are required to answer in their own words, we can also ask students to translate the original words in the text, in other words. Try to dig out the hidden information and deep meaning of the original sentence. Some test questions need to be combined with the full text, dig out the implied information of sentences, and seek perfect answers after careful thinking.
(C) Chinese reading comprehension correct problem-solving methods and skills-see requirements
The so-called "reading requirement" is to ask students to re-examine the questions that are required to be answered in Chinese reading comprehension. Key keywords, words or sentences should also be circled with a pen, which is the main point of deduction and the possible score point for students to answer questions. Read the article carefully and answer the questions tactfully and calmly. Read the article for the second time and ask the candidates to read the full text carefully with questions. In the training of Chinese reading comprehension, we should generally do the following:
First of all, we should identify keywords, grasp their basic meanings, understand their specific meanings in sentences, and ponder their sublimated meanings according to the context. In particular, students should learn to find effective information in reading materials, that is, words and contents to answer questions required by reading materials.
Second, we should eliminate the obstacles of new words. When encountering new words, we should boldly speculate, reason and infer the individual meaning, semantics and sentence meaning in the reading materials through the context, or we can boldly guess through the common sense of word formation.
Third, there are obvious and accurate answers in the original text, so we should be good at using the "original" materials in the reading materials to answer decisively. For new words that generally do not affect the understanding of sentences or full texts, you can put them in the past and don't try to understand them. When you meet important new words, don't worry and don't give up easily. We can guess the general meaning of words according to the context or word formation.
When solving problems, don't look at reading comprehension questions, but look for answers from reading comprehension articles, because this method is difficult to improve reading comprehension, especially for articles with deep reading comprehension. First of all, we should browse, read and understand the full text and have a general understanding of it. After reading it, you should remember the main points of reading comprehension, the important conclusions of reading comprehension and some key names, places, definitions and figures in reading comprehension (different names and places can be marked on the test paper with pencils for easy search). At the same time, we should master the problem-solving speed of reading comprehension and effectively control the examination time of reading comprehension. It is a common answering method in reading comprehension test. When you encounter reading comprehension problems, don't get into trouble and waste too much time. If you can't do the reading comprehension questions for a while, you should give up decisively so as not to affect the answers to other more confident reading comprehension questions. After all the reading comprehension questions are solved, if you still have time, come back and do the abandoned reading comprehension questions.
(D) Correct methods and skills of solving problems in Chinese reading comprehension-answering questions
The so-called "answer" is to let students answer the corresponding questions according to the requirements of Chinese reading comprehension questions, and try to do the following in the answer: 1, have to answer; No answer, no score. Students can only score if they answer the questions in the reading material. When our teacher is training students in Chinese reading comprehension, he must explain this to them and answer them. No answer, no score. 2. Don't answer randomly; Random answers are not scored. Students do not respond to the requirements of Chinese reading comprehension questions, which is called random answer. Students who randomly answer questions and fail to answer questions are essentially the same. In the training of Chinese reading comprehension, we emphasize that students should answer all the lines, but we don't want students to talk nonsense in the training of Chinese reading comprehension, because students can't score if they answer indiscriminately. 3. Well-founded, well-founded. The so-called "well-founded" means that students should find the original words and basis when reading the written materials on the test paper, and don't just talk out of nothing. I tell students that the answer to Chinese reading comprehension is also a personal reference answer. Our students should not be afraid. The answer to any question cannot be exactly the same as the teacher's reference answer. The initiative of grading Chinese reading comprehension is in the hands of our classmates, and the key lies in whether you have a "well-founded" answer.
The so-called "rationality" means that students can tell a truth and a true story according to the problem, or they can be called "self-justified". As long as students are well-founded and well-founded, they can score as appropriate. At the same time, students should pay attention to organizing standardized language answers and writing carefully. After the answer is basically considered mature, you need to pay attention to the language of expression. Simple and clear language can achieve twice the result with half the effort; Repetition is verbose, irrelevant and often leads to thankless efforts. After answering the questions, if time permits, you should reread the full text and review it with confidence. After all the answers are finished, return to the original text with the results of reading comprehension, check whether there are any omissions in the answers, study their internal relations and logical relations, and make inferences and judgments for each topic to ensure correctness.
In short, the author found in the teaching of Chinese reading comprehension that many students often lose more points because they don't know the correct problem-solving methods and skills, and most of them lose points, which is a pity or even meaningless. In view of this phenomenon, the author establishes the topic as "a preliminary study on the answering skills of Chinese reading comprehension questions" The author advocates that the topic selection of educational scientific research should come from classroom teaching practice; Similarly, the results of educational research should also serve the classroom teaching practice.
The author believes that in the training of Chinese reading comprehension, only by following the correct educational laws and giving students the correct problem-solving methods and skills can students learn easily and relax, and can they really get twice the result with half the effort and get good results in Chinese reading teaching.
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