Li Wencai, a researcher, calligrapher, calligrapher theorist and connoisseur of Zhejiang Museum, 194 1 Jinyun Houren. 1959 studied in the middle school attached to Zhejiang Academy of Fine Arts, and 1963 studied in the calligraphy and seal cutting department of Chinese painting department of Zhejiang Academy of Fine Arts. He is one of the first two undergraduates in modern calligraphy teaching in China. 1978, Mr. Sha Menghai recommended that he be transferred from Anji County Cultural Center to Zhejiang Museum as the successor of Sha Lao's calligraphy and painting career. 200 1 retirement.
Don't change the local accent.
I've heard the name of calligrapher Li Wencai for a long time, but I've never witnessed him with my own eyes, nor have I seen his live creation. On the morning of 20 10 65438+ 10/6, we came to the home of Li Lao, Ye Ying Road, Jiulian New Village, Hangzhou, and paid a special visit to this long-lost calligraphy master.
As soon as we met, Li Lao greeted us with an authentic and pure Jinyun dialect. Li Lao was particularly happy to see the reporter in his hometown, and his chatterbox suddenly opened.
194 1 On February 9th, a little boy was born in the East Garden of Houmen Village, Dayuan Town. This is Li Wencai. Because of the lack of soil in the five elements, it was named "Wen". After school, many people didn't know the word "Wen", so they changed it to "Cai" and later changed it to "Cai".
However, Li Wencai didn't like reading very much when he was a child, but he was interested in painting. Before he went to school at the age of six, he liked clay figurines, and later he often made some interesting toys. Adults praised him for his cleverness, so he was more energetic. Mom thinks these hobbies have nothing to do with the future, so she doesn't support them. In remote rural areas, everyone is only busy with food and clothing. Of course, my mother didn't know that art is also a profession, and she didn't know that Hangzhou had long had an art academy as an ideal place.
From 65438 to 0957, after graduating from junior high school in Jinyun Middle School, Li Wencai worked in agriculture for half a year and worked as a teacher in a private primary school for one and a half years. 1958, Ma Yuru, a middle school teacher attached to Zhejiang Academy of Fine Arts, led the graduating students to practice in Dayuan Village, ten miles away from Choumen. Li Wencai is very happy! So every day after the completion of the teaching task, I went to Dayuan for consultation at night. Teachers and students in the affiliated middle school saw that Li Wencai was going to run twenty miles of mountain roads back and forth, and they taught all kinds of painting knowledge more enthusiastically and seriously. After they returned to Hangzhou, Li Wencai collected some sketches and gave them to the villagers for careful study and repeated study. Finally, in the summer of 1959, I was admitted to the middle school attached to Zhejiang Academy of Fine Arts. Since then, he has become one of the few art students in the county. After learning about this situation, Mr. Chu Xueqin invited Li Wencai to his house several times to talk about calligraphy and painting. Li Wencai can understand the loneliness caused by his passion for painting and calligraphy all his life, so he cherishes all kinds of opportunities to learn painting.
The fifth and ninth sessions of the High School Attached to Zhejiang Academy of Fine Arts enrolled four classes with *** 160 students, which was the largest in the history of the school. Only 18 students were promoted to various departments of the university this year, and Li Wencai was one of them. He doesn't intend to go to college, but just wants to take on the family life as soon as possible, so that his elderly and sick mother can live better. Because it costs less to go to technical secondary school, and you can work earlier. In an essay "To go to school or not to go to school", he only wrote the plan of not going to school. However, Mr. Zheng Chao, a literature teacher and head teacher, and Mr. Zhou Changmi, a professional teacher, mobilized him to go to school. My family was also very supportive, so I entered the university. Mother died on 1974. At that time, Li Wencai had just graduated and the economy was not affluent, so he always regretted that he had done too little filial piety to his mother!
After many years away from home, especially after his mother died, Li Wencai returned to Jinyun less often, but his accent and taste remained unchanged.
The teacher has a door.
Sha Menghai is a teacher, but he respects Zhu Jiaji more. Recalling the teacher, Li Wencai is more like a few treasures.
In 1960s, the calligraphy department of Zhejiang Academy of Fine Arts only recruited five students, the first one was Jin, and the second one was Yang Yonglong, Jiang Beigeng and Zhu Guantian. At that time, there were some courses and teachers in calligraphy: Mr. Pan Tianshou taught cursive script, Mr. Lu taught official script, calligraphy theory and classical literature, Mr. Zhu Lesan taught seal script and Wu Pai seal cutting, Mr. Sha Menghai taught philology, seal cutting history and ancient seals of Qin and Han dynasties, Mr. Fang Jiekan taught China printing, Mr. Zhu Jiaji taught regular script, running script and classical literature, Mr. Zhu taught flower-and-bird painting, Mr. Dong taught landscape painting and Mr. Zhu taught figure painting. Three of them are visiting professors-Mr. Fang Jiekan from Wenzhou Cultural Management Association, Mr. Sha Menghai from Zhejiang Museum and Mr. Zhu Jiaji. There are many courses, and the teachers are first-class in the country. Li Wencai felt that his foundation was not very good. He often worked at night, and sometimes even put down his writing brush and went to the playground to do broadcast gymnastics until dawn. Unfortunately, this tense learning atmosphere was interrupted by the Cultural Revolution.
Li Wencai is the first undergraduate course of modern calligraphy teaching in China, and only two people have been recruited this year. From 65438 to 0968, Li Wencai was assigned to Anji County Cultural Center as an art cadre.
During his ten years in Anji, Li Wencai re-studied the calligraphy posts of ancient sages, and took advantage of his business trip to Hangzhou to continue to consult Mr. Lu, Sha Menghai and Zhu Lesan. Once he went to Hangzhou on business and visited Mr. Sha Menghai in Zhejiang Museum. Mr. Sha Menghai smiled and said to him, "The museum is in urgent need of young professionals. You have studied painting, calligraphy and seal cutting, and your ass can sit still. I recommend you first. I used to talk in the museum, but no one listened. It's all right now! "
1978 10, Li Wencai went to Zhejiang Museum to learn about the collation and appraisal of Gu Shuhua from his predecessors.
However, speaking of Mr. Zhu Jiaji, Li Wencai admired him even more. Teacher Zhu showed extraordinary calligraphy ability since he was a child. 1928 graduated from the Chinese Department of Peking University with a bachelor's degree in literature. After that, he worked in Peking University, the Palace Museum and Nanjing Branch of the Palace Museum. From 1953 to 1969, he died, worked in Zhejiang Cultural Relics Management Committee and Zhejiang Museum successively, and worked with Mr. Sha Menghai all the time, making great contributions to the investigation and research of ground cultural relics in Zhejiang and the identification of ancient paintings and calligraphy. During the period of 1963, Mr. Zhu and Mr. Sha were employed as newly established part-time professors of calligraphy major by Pan Tianshou, Dean of Zhejiang Fine Arts Institute, and Mr. Zhu became the first calligraphy skill teacher of undergraduate calligraphy major in the history of calligraphy education in China.
Li Wencai said that everything has yin and yang, and the art of calligraphy is no exception. Among his teachers, such as Pan Tianshou, Sha Menghai, Lu and Zhu Lesan, they all won by masculinity, and Mr. Sha, in particular, is a hero in today's book world. If we discuss the feminine beauty of book style, of course, we should first recommend Mr. Zhu Jiaji. Mr. Zhu Jiaji is good at truth, behavior and grass, and has his own loud style in inheriting the excellent traditions of the sages. Since the popularity of quality-oriented book style, this book style has become particularly distinctive. If you put it in today's book world, it will be more eye-catching! Mr. Zhu Jiaji is employed by Mr. Pan Tianshou 1963, and concurrently serves as a visiting professor of calligraphy and seal cutting in the Department of Chinese Painting of Zhejiang Academy of Fine Arts. In calligraphy practice, the key courses at that time were real calligraphy and running script, both of which were taught by Mr. Zhu. He has asthma and it is difficult to walk. He can only walk to the classroom on the third floor after two breaks. However, he is so agile and full of freedom when writing! The teacher is the most honest and frank, but Yu Shudao is good at "playing tricks"-playing tricks. His wrist movements are very unique, not only up and down, but also left and right. Coupled with the push and pull of fingers and the cooperation of elbows and shoulders, he is completely free in the three-dimensional space. Today, Li Wencai still treasures a real book he wrote, so as to let everyone know the significance of using pen and wrist in calligraphy: "Li Wencai must start with wrist;" There is no author who can't use his wrist. "
Mr. Zhu Jiaji passed away on 1969. He is not as famous as Sha Menghai. Li Wencai thought he might be born at the wrong time.
At the age of 27, Li Wencai wrote the title of "Cai Yongxiang Martyrs Memorial Hall" for Qianjiang Bridge, "How ambitious you are, how dare you teach the sun and the moon to change into a new sky".
Sit down and express your opinion-be a boaster.
Li Wencai's calligraphy works are elegant, refined, handsome and healthy. They can inherit the excellent tradition of calligraphy and have their own style. Among his generation of calligraphers, he became famous earlier. The huge inscription on the square of Hangzhou Revolutionary Martyrs Memorial Hall at the bridgehead of Qiantang River, "Dare to teach the sun and the moon to change the sky for sacrifice", was his work at the age of 27.
Proficient in traditional excellent brushwork, so you wrote the position of former sage in Lin Shan. Mr. Qi Gong, the former chairman of China Calligraphy Association and the national appraiser of calligraphy and painting, read the Preface to Lanting Collection presented by many Shaoxing calligraphers and said, "If you want to be like Li Wencai, there is no second person in China." 1986, Li Wencai ancient tablet calligraphy exhibition was held in Hangzhou, and 152 posts of more than 70 famous calligraphers in past dynasties were exhibited. Experts looked at it and said, "the perfection is like coming out of a copier." His TV monograph "Reading Skills" has been broadcast on CCTV for many times, and he is known as the first person to study in China.
Talking about the experience of learning calligraphy, especially why copying is so vivid, Li Wencai summed up two points: first, the ability to observe, to be similar, we must be accurate; The second is the method. I learned sketch when I was studying, which laid a good foundation for calligraphy.
Li Wencai said that the vividness of stippling comes from the flexibility of using a pen, which is ultimately due to the rationality of writing. The upward force of thumb and forefinger is separated from the downward force of middle finger and ring finger. This will inevitably make the palm upright, and even if the wrist is movable, it is convenient for the middle finger and the ring finger to guide. Most people are temporary structures, and stippling is not accurate. In fact, when the wrist is alive, the radius of motion is short, and stippling is natural and accurate.
Talking about the inheritance and innovation of calligraphy, Li Wencai said that it is said that calligraphy can not only be "like a person", but also "show the spirit of the times"-whether people and the times have calligraphy spirit or not, they must unify "image" and "performance", otherwise, today's "spirit of the times" will be buried and people will become the least valuable "book slaves" and "innovation". But it turns out that it is very difficult to be a "book slave" of the former sages. It is very difficult to get rid of the current book style and conform to the book style of Jin and Tang Dynasties. If it is not done well, even decades of poor works can't compare with it. Since tradition is thankless, scholars have turned their attention to "innovation". "Innovation" is like a quick-acting medicine called "becoming a Buddha on the spot", which ensures that everyone can become a calligrapher on the spot, so calligraphy cannot be "hot".
Li Wencai's exposition is original and thorough, with truth in humor, which is refreshing after listening to it. We are most impressed by these two viewpoints: anterior joint can be used instead of posterior joint; You can use one joint instead of two. In brushwork, look at both ends without looking at the middle, and grasp both ends in the middle. He also gave an example, 100 Jin of things, it is easier for two people to pick it separately than to carry it, because it is difficult to coordinate. ...
After nearly three hours of interviews, we benefited a lot.
Long-cherished wish in old age
Li Wencai is a strange figure in calligraphy. He used to be a famous calligrapher, but now he lives in seclusion, keeps aloof from the world and settles down to study. There are many places in Hangzhou with his inscriptions, but he has never been there in person.
He wants to save those young people who love calligraphy, so that they don't go astray in the complicated contemporary book world. The way to save him is online debate, arguing about innovative ideas that he thinks are wrong, and persuading his opponents to lose their way through debate. The weapon he used to save others was his theory, not his own. When you think about it carefully, the theory that condensed his painstaking efforts is not fashionable now, and it may not be fashionable again in the future.
Li Wencai has studied computer for more than ten years. He is called a copier because of his exquisite brushwork and superb copying, but he can also type quickly when using a computer, which is no less than that of young people.
Now, Li Wencai is studying a calligraphy font. He said that he had been doing this job for four years and had collected more than 7000 words. He wants to spread this font library so that more people can enjoy his wisdom.
Li Wencai said that there is a home complex. After the New Year, he wants to live in Jinyun for a period of time and hold calligraphy training classes, so that calligraphy lovers in Jinyun can taste the benefits of his accelerated calligraphy teaching. He believes that he has font resources, which can make students who come to study produce results quickly.
I hope he can succeed and fulfill his wish.