Throughout Su Dongpo's life, he has formed an indissoluble bond with Changzhou. When Su Dongpo was young, he made many Changzhou students. They showed Su Dongpo a beautiful scenery in the south of the Yangtze River, which made him make a "chicken-millet pact" with his friends. However, although there is an oath of reconciliation, it is a loose word without careful consideration. When Su Dongpo really arrived in Changzhou, he appreciated the charm of Shan Ye, a water town, and was deeply attracted. When he left Huangzhou in middle age, Su Dongpo begged to live in Changzhou twice and finally got his wish. Since then, he has forged an indissoluble bond with Changzhou. Even in the era, when he was politically prosperous, he made a decision with Changzhou Shangshu Hu (Wanfu): "Someone has settled in Piling and has an appointment with Wanfu." On the way back to the north, he was warmly detained all the way, and some even provided accommodation for free, but he always firmly said: "However, some fate is in the southeast!" He finally returned to the haunted Changzhou. Finally, he realized his long-cherished wish in Changzhou's "Eulogy" in mourning for Qian Gong's wealth in Ji Xining for seven years: "The great river flows south and the great river flows north. I walked around and didn't come back. My death will stop all this. "
Teenagers are famous.
As the ancients said, learning to be excellent is an official. After more than ten years, the talented Su Shi finally began to move towards official career. In 1057, Su Shi, 2 1 year-old, and Su Zhe, 81year-old brother, led by their father Su Xun, rushed to Kaifeng, then the capital, to take the imperial examination. Su Shi, who could have won the first place, unexpectedly won the second place in the second level of the three-level exam, which is the most critical one. For Su Shi, although this is somewhat wronged, it has left a story for later generations. Su Shi is famous all over the world for his talented literary thoughts and excellent writing style.
A disaster is coming.
In the complicated political situation of the Northern Song Dynasty, the conservative Su Shi was used by political enemies and became a political victim. Su Shi suffered a great disaster in his life-"Wutai Poetry Case". Su Shi lost his official position and was banished to Huangzhou, Hubei. Su Shi, frustrated in officialdom, came to Hubei with his family, facing the exile life without money, house and food. How will Su Shi get rid of embarrassment and predicament? Huangzhou, a small town near the Yangtze River, is the low point of Su Shi's career, but it has become the holy land of Su Shi's literary creation. After walking out of the gloom of the soul, Su Shi recited the eternal "Niannujiao?" In Chibi, near the Yangtze River. Nostalgia on Red Cliff has become a monument in the history of China literature.
4, chic Dongpo
Su Shi is magnanimous and pays attention to integrity. His personality is frank, aloof, open-minded and detached. Whether it is political views or dealing with people, it is full of lofty ideas such as caring for people's livelihood and people. From two examples of Huang Zhou's visit to Wang Anshi in Jiangning or his appointment as a magistrate, it can be proved that he is open-minded and aware of the people's feelings. I have also learned some vague knowledge and misinformation before. For example, his three wives (Wang Fu, Wang Runzhi, Chao Yun) and his relationship with his younger brother Su Zhe, as well as some anecdotes during the imperial examination, the details of Wutai poetry case, the cause and effect of being demoted several times, the struggle between the old and new parties, and so on.
Step 5 make a comeback
Su Shi opposed Wang Anshi's vigorous reform and advocated gradual progress, so he was squeezed out and hit by Wang Anshi's influence group, and Su Shi was therefore in turmoil and suffering in officialdom. In the last few years of Zongshen, he began to simplify government decrees, but it was still not as quiet as it is today after his mother's grandmother. As soon as the emperor died, the queen mother called Sima Guang to the stage and immediately changed the imperial edict. All Wang Anshi's decrees were suspended or abolished. This period began in the reign of Yuan You.
Su Dongpo is now in the ascendant. During his eight months in Kyoto, the imperial court promoted him three times. According to the ancient system, official positions were divided into nine grades. In this short time, he rose from the seventh grade, passed the sixth grade, jumped to the fourth grade, and finally stopped at the third grade Hanlin to draft letters for the emperor. At that time, he was forty-nine years old.
Step 6 retreat from difficulties
In the eighth year of Yuanfeng, namely 1085, Song Shenzong died and Song Zhezong acceded to the throne at the age of ten. Song Shenzong's mother, Empress Dowager Gao, has always opposed the new law. After she took office, she once again used conservative Sima Guang and others, and Su Shi became a senior official. However, with the change of political status, Su Shi gradually found it difficult to be an official in the DPRK, so he wrote to the court and asked to quit the officialdom. As a scholar, stepping into officialdom is his lifelong pursuit. For Su Shi, what he chooses now is not to advance, but to retreat.
Su Shi gradually realized that he was different from Sima Guang and his original political views, and began to fight for political power. Su Shi not only felt deeply bored in this debate, but also smelled a trace of fear. Su Shi, who suffered from prison, found it really difficult to be an official in the DPRK. He didn't want to repeat the same mistakes in this war of words, so he attached four copies of the throne and asked to leave the office and leave this troubled place. In the fourth year in Yuan You, Song Zhezong, namely 1089, the court finally approved Su Shi as the chief executive of western Zhejiang and the mayor of Hangzhou. Now Su Dongpo's situation is that it is quite interesting to engage in politics instead of politics. It is not surprising that when Wang Anshi came to power, he was politically bumpy. But now that his comrades-in-arms are in power, he still fails, which is really surprising. Su Dongpo will never be a good party member, because he is too aloof and very approachable. Now that his comrades-in-arms are in power, he has great prestige and is loved and admired by the Queen Mother, but he has always wanted to get rid of a rather enviable and coveted political position, but he did not get it immediately. But anyone who knows his temperament knows that his career will not last long. The first rule to delay the development of youth in the old age is to avoid all emotional troubles, but Su Dongpo now has too many emotional troubles in what he calls "small land" officialdom. Political drama is very fun for people who have this hobby; For those who don't like to rule others, it is not worth losing their dignity and gaining that kind of authority and vanity. Su Dongpo's heart has never been on political games. What he lacks most is that he has no determination to fight for the position of prime minister. If he is interested, he will get it easily. As the emperor's Hanlin bachelor-actually belongs to the queen mother-he is very close to the royal family. As long as he is willing to play political tricks, there is no doubt that he is smart enough, but if so, he loses his nature.
7. Family happiness
Su Shi's married wife, Wang Fu, is a young and beautiful woman from Qingshen, Meizhou, Sichuan. She knows books and is polite. She/kloc-married Su Shi at the age of 0/6. She can be called Su Shi's right-hand man and has a story of "listening behind the scenes". Su Shi is broad-minded and relatively negligent in dealing with others. Wang Fu listened behind the screen and told Su Shi his suggestions. Su Shi's second wife, Wang Runzhi, was Wang Fu's cousin and married Su Shi in the third year after Wang Fu's death. She is eleven years younger than Su Shi. She admired Su Shi since she was a child, with a gentle nature and always relied on Su Shi. Wang Runzhi spent the most important 25 years with Su Shi. After Wutai Poetry Case and Huangzhou's relegation, he shared joys and sorrows with Su Shi in the ups and downs of his official career. In the most difficult time, Su Shi and I picked wild vegetables together and plowed barefoot to find ways to relieve Su Shi's boredom. Shi's concubine is twenty-six years younger than Su Shi. When Su Shi was in the most difficult time, his concubines left one after another, but Wang Chaoyun stayed with him all the time. He was Su Shi's confidante, and Su Shi wrote the most poems to Wang Chaoyun, which was called "No Daughter at the End of Wei Dynasty". Unfortunately, Chao Yun also died in Huizhou before Su Shi. Su Shi has been widowed since the death of Chao Yun. According to Chao Yun's wishes, Su Shi buried him in the pine forest under the Great Sage Pagoda of Qi Zen Temple at the southern foot of Gushan Mountain in Huizhou West Lake, and built Liu Ruting beside the tomb to commemorate him.
8. Brotherhood
In July of the fourth year of Xining (107 1), Su Shi left Beijing with his family to be a judge in Hangzhou. At this time, Su Zhe was a professor in Huaiyang County, Henan Province, and Su Shi left after the Mid-Autumn Festival with Chen Zhou. The two brothers were inseparable when they left. Su Zhe sent his brother to Yingzhou (now Fuyang, Anhui), 80 miles downstream of He Ying, and stayed with their teacher Ouyang Xiu for more than half a month. On the eve of breaking up, the two brothers stayed up all night on He Ying's boat, singing poems and discussing politics.
9. Dongpo impression
Su Shi was a great scholar after Ouyang Xiu in Song Dynasty. Compared with Li Bai, he is less rebellious and more forbearing and peaceful. Compared with Du Fu, he is less sad and more optimistic. This is closely related to his experience. His life left a deep impression on us.
The first is his appearance. Su Xiaomei once made fun of him: "Last year, a tear of acacia didn't reach his cheek." Of course, this is an exaggeration. In fact, Su Shi's appearance has four characteristics: tall; Sparse eyebrows and long eyes; High cheekbones and thin cheeks; The beard is sparse.
Secondly, in the impression of his friends, Su Shi was most exposed to literati. At that time, intellectuals in the Northern Song Dynasty often played some elegant jokes with their knowledge. So is Su Dongpo. Some funny stories he tells are often regarded as jokes after dinner. This is a clever and happy game. He combined his profound knowledge with the ease and wisdom of life. I think this is also his personal charm.
Thirdly, Su Shi's paintings and calligraphy enjoyed a high reputation in the Northern Song Dynasty. His calligraphy ranks first among the four great calligraphers in the Northern Song Dynasty. People want to get his calligraphy works, especially a military commander named Lin Yao, who traded a leg of lamb for one of his works, which shows his high attainments. Su Shi's paintings are also famous. He loves painting bamboo and turquoise, which shows his character. He emphasizes authenticity in his paintings, so he also observes life very carefully.
Fourth, the impression of mentoring. Su Shi is a celebrity, and his proteges are naturally numerous. The famous ones are Huang Tingjian and Qin Guan. He and his disciples are both teachers and friends, so his disciples often joke with him and even make comments in person. Even though he suffered, none of his disciples betrayed him.
Finally, his personality impression. He gave full play to his talents in literature, history, philosophy and art. He set the standard of personality spirit, and he also set a model of personality, which is the most important thing. His personality has a far-reaching influence on later generations.
10, eternal poet's heart
Most of his poems are devoted to expressing personal feelings and praising natural scenery. His poems, such as Seeing the Land and Knowing Weizhou with Teenagers, Rainstorm in Youmeitang and Rain after Drinking Chuqing in the Lake, are rich in imagination, magnificent, fresh and beautiful, which can best represent Su Shi's artistic achievements. His poems expressing his views on things, such as Tixilinbi, are considered to best reflect the rational characteristics of Song poetry. Poetry is rich, fresh and interesting through artistic images. Su Shi's poems, such as Wang Wei's Wu Daozi Painting, Reading Meng Jiao Poems, and Shu Wang's Main Book Painting Folding Branches, show his poetic style and comments, and are also regarded as the symbol of the new height of Northern Song culture.
Su Shi's ci has more material than his poems. It is included in the scope of expression of ci, giving ci a deeper and broader artistic conception, changing the graceful style of five pronouns in the late Tang Dynasty and creating a bold and unconstrained ci school. "Water Turn Around" (When Will the Moon Come) and "Nian Nujiao" (Red Cliff Nostalgia) have always been regarded as the works that best represent the style of Su Ci. The former word, from the loneliness and desolation of fantasy paradise, has become eternal love on earth. The latter expresses the poet's great ambition through the spectacular scene of the former site of Chibi and the heroism of the ancients. These two poems were written when the author was frustrated. The low tone of "Life is like a dream" can't help but be heard from time to time, but after all, it can't hide the high-pitched voice of Su Ci's passionate and generous main chord.
Su Shi has great enthusiasm for real life. He never pinned his ideals on illusory fantasies, so this is also the fundamental reason why he was born into the WTO. He died on July 28th,11,but he will always occupy a place in China's poetry and cultural history.
I compiled this by myself after collecting information on the internet, and that's all.