Information on the great figures of China’s past dynasties

Bao Zheng is from Anhui

Historical celebrity in Kaifeng: Ruan Ji (210-263), a writer of the Three Kingdoms and Wei Dynasties. The name is Si Zong. A native of Weishi County, Kaifeng, Henan. Ruan? son. He was once an infantry captain and was known as "Ruan Infantry" in the world. He was as famous as Ji Kang. He and his nephew Ruan Xian were both one of the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest". They despise etiquette and look down upon "people of etiquette and customs" with a "rolling eye". He had conflicts with the Sima group in power. He often drank heavily and used his "silent words to deny people" to protect himself. The original collection has been lost, and later generations compiled it into the "Collection of Ruan Si Zong"

Zhi Daolin (314-366) was an eminent monk of the Jin Dynasty. The name is escaped, and the words are used. Kaifeng people. He became a monk at the age of 25 and became friends with Xie An, Wang Xizhi and others, and he was good at discussing mystical principles. He wrote "The Mysterious Theory of Immediate Formation", which advocated "Immediate form is empty" and developed the idea of ??emptiness of nature in Prajna studies. He was one of the six masters of Prajna studies. Most of his other works are lost.

The dates of Cai Mo’s birth and death are yet to be determined. Minister of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. A native of Lankao, Kaifeng. In the third year of Xianhe's reign (328), Emperor Cheng of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Su Jun launched a rebellion, and Cai participated in putting down the rebellion. He then moved to Taichang and was given the title of Luoyang Nan. Later, he became the general of Zhengbei and the military commander of Xu, Yan and Qing states, and became the main figure in the Eastern Jin Dynasty's fight against the northern forces. He died after serving as the third official of Guanglu Doctor and Kaifu Yitong. Posthumous title Wenmu

Cui Hao (?～754) was a poet of the Tang Dynasty. Kaifeng people. During the Kaiyuan period of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, he became a Jinshi. In the late Kaiyuan period, he was sent as an envoy to the Hedong Army. During the Tianbao period, he successively held the posts of Taipusi Minister, Sixun Yuanwailang, etc. Cui Hao wrote poems when he was young, but his reputation was frivolous. In the late period, he suddenly changed his regular style. Among the existing works, there are several that are flashy in color and frivolous in content. They may have been written when he was young. Later, he joined the army in the frontier fortress, and his poetic style changed, showing the high-spirited feelings of "being born in a foreign country" and "serving the country in trouble". For example, "Present to the King's Prestige" and "The Ranger Presents the Generals in the Army" focus on the depiction of the characters' morale and demeanor. The scenes of hunting spring grass and cutting fresh grass in the fields in the poem are particularly vivid. "Song of the Hu People in Yanmen" describes the northern scenery of hunting in autumn and wild burning on the mountain tops, as well as the custom of the Hu people getting drunk calmly in peacetime, which is very novel and unique. The most famous one is "Yellow Crane Tower" with seven rhymes. Li Bai admired it greatly after reading it and said, "There is a view in front of me, but Cui Hao wrote a poem on it." Yan Yu, a poetry critic of the Song Dynasty, said in "Canglang Poetry": "Cui Hao's "Yellow Crane Tower" should be the first among seven-character rhymed poems in the Tang Dynasty." "Cui Hao's Poems" is a volume with more than 40 poems.

Shi Shouxin (927～984) was a minister in the early Song Dynasty. Kaifeng people. When he first served in the Zhou Dynasty, he led the Hongzhou defense envoy, and also led the Yicheng Army Jiedu. When Taizu of the Song Dynasty came to the throne, he changed his leadership and returned to the German army. Put down the rebellion of Li Jun and Li Chongjin. In the fourth year of Taiping and Xingguo's reign (979), he was granted the title of Duke of Wei. After his death, he was granted the posthumous title of Prince Wu Lie.

Zhong Sicheng (approximately 1279 ~ 1360) was a dramatist of the Yuan Dynasty. The courtesy name is Jixian and the name is Chou Zhai. A native of Kaifeng, he lives in Hangzhou. After many failed attempts, he devoted himself to writing operas behind closed doors. His main work, "Recording Ghost Book", consists of two volumes. The first draft was written in the first year of Zhishun (1330), and was revised twice. It not only records the great dramas produced by famous artists in the Yuan Dynasty, but also makes a preliminary summary and generalization of Zaju in theory, which is of extremely high value. He also wrote 7 kinds of dramas including "Qian Shen Lun", none of which are handed down today; 52 sanqu are still extant. ?

Li Mengyang (1475～1531) was a writer of the Ming Dynasty. The word is Tianci, the word is Xianji, and the name is Kong Tongzi. A native of Qingyang (now Qingyang, Gansu), he later moved to Fugou (now Fugou County, Henan). His father was Professor Fengqiu Wang, so he lived in Xiangfu (now Kaifeng County). Hongzhi Jinshi, appointed as the head of the household department. He was imprisoned because he angered powerful officials by discussing taxes, but was later released. During the reign of Emperor Wuzong, Liu Jin was in power. He impeached Liu Jin on behalf of Shangshu Han Wencaoshu and was ordered to resign. Liu Jin was defeated and executed, and Li moved to Jiangxi as deputy envoy to study. He was hated by the powerful and resigned. In literature, he advocated that "literature must be as good as the Qin and Han Dynasties, and poetry must be as prosperous as the Tang Dynasty". He Jingming, Xu Zhenqing, Bian Gong, Kang Hai, Wang Jiusi and Wang Tingxiang are called the "top seven" in the literary world. There is "Kong Tong Zi Ji".

Jun Xinling during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the great musician Shi Kuang

Liu Yong, the great poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, and Li Qingzhao seem to be there

Bai in modern times Yang

Yi Yin’s birth and death years are yet to be determined. Minister Shang Tang. Born in Kongsang (now Xixi Kongsang, Qi County, Kaifeng, also known as Yiyin Village). Legend has it that he was born a slave and was married to a daughter of the Xin family. He was appreciated by Tang and entrusted with state affairs. Later, he assisted Shang to destroy Xia, and became prime minister of state affairs. He served in Tang, Waibing and Zhongren dynasties. After Zhong Ren died, he was passed to Taijia. Because Taijia ignored state affairs, he was exiled. Three years later, Taijia repented and returned to his throne. Yiyin died in Woding.

Shi Shen

Shi Shen’s birth and death years are yet to be determined. Astronomer in the mid-Warring States Period. Kaifeng people. After long-term observation and detailed assessment, 138 stars and 810 stars were detected. The chart he and Qi Ren Gander made based on the positions of stars near the ecliptic and their distance from the North Pole is the earliest star table discovered in the world so far, and occupies a special position in the history of world astronomy. The original work "Astronomy" in 8 volumes was lost early. Later generations supplemented it and combined it with the 8 volumes of Gan De's "Xing Jing" to collectively call it "Gan Shi Xing Jing", also known as "Xing Jing". "Zhao Xiang Li Cheng Jing". The "Gan Shi Xing Jing" that exists today is in two volumes. Although some later generations have added embellishments, it still retains the original appearance

Zhang Yi

Zhang Yi (? ~ 310 BC) Politician during the Warring States Period. Kaifeng people. A descendant of the nobles of Wei State, he studied under Gui Guzi. In the tenth year of King Qin Huiwen's reign (328 BC), he entered Qin to worship the prime minister. Chuanglian broke through the six countries. He was ordered to envoy Chu, disintegrate the Qi-Chu alliance, seize Chu-Hanzhong, and grant the title of Lord Wu Xin. After the death of King Huiwen, Zhang Yi fell out of favor and returned to Wei as prime minister. He died soon after. "Hanshu Yiwenzhi" contains 10 chapters of "Zhang Zi" by Zong Hengjia, which are lost today. ?

Xinlingjun

Xinlingjun (? ~ 243 BC) was one of the four princes of the Warring States Period. That is, Wei Gongzi Wuji, the youngest son of Wei Zhaowang. His residence was in Daliang, the capital of Wei, and it is said that it is now in the area of ??Xiangguo Temple in Kaifeng. He was talented in both civil and military affairs, and he treated virtuous people well. He had as many as 3,000 diners under his sect. In 259 BC, after the Qin soldiers won a great victory in Changping and killed 400,000 Zhao soldiers, they surrounded Handan of Zhao in one fell swoop. Zhao asked Wei for help many times. Although King Wei ordered Jin Bi to lead 100,000 troops to rescue Zhao, he was frightened by Qin's intimidation and secretly ordered Jin Bi to station his army in Yecheng at the junction of Wei and Zhao to watch the success or failure. Lord Xinling repeatedly advised the King of Wei to save Zhao, but he failed. Later, he followed the plan of stealing the talisman to save Zhao by the hermit Hou Ying, the gatekeeper of Yimen in Daliang City, and he got the military talisman. Lord Xinling brought the warrior Zhu Hai and his entourage to Yecheng. Although Jin Bi inspected the military talismans, he was unwilling to hand over his military power. Zhu Hai killed Jin Bi with a sledgehammer. Lord Xinling took over the army and defeated the Qin division, thus breaking the siege of Handan.

Wei Liao

The dates of Wei Liao's birth and death are yet to be determined. Politician and military strategist in the late Warring States period. Kaifeng people. In his early years, Shang Jun studied and learned the ways of reform. He also pursues military affairs persistently and is very proficient in it. In the late Warring States period, there were many schools of thought. Focusing on enriching the country and strengthening the military, various countries recruited talents one after another. Suizhou

Zheng Zhong

Zheng Zhong (?～83) was a Confucian scholar of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The courtesy name is Zhongshi. Kaifeng people. He once served as Da Sinong, and was known as Zheng Sinong in the world to distinguish him from the eunuch Zheng Zhong. He passed on the knowledge of his father Zheng Xing's "Zuo Zhuan", and he also had a good understanding of "Yi" and "Poetry", and was proficient in the three unified calendars. The world calls Zheng Xing and his son "Xian Zheng", while Zheng Xuan is called "Later Zheng". His works have been lost. Ma Guohan of the Qing Dynasty compiled 6 volumes of "Zheng Sinong's Exegesis of Zhou Rites" and 1 volume of "Zheng Zhong's Spring and Autumn Annals". ?

Cai Yong

Cai Yong (132-192) was a poet and calligrapher in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The word Bojie. A native of Qixian County, Kaifeng. When he was young, he was learned and studied under the tutor Hu Guang. He likes vocabulary, numeracy, astronomy, and wonderful music. In the fourth year of Xiping (175), the scriptures had been removed from the Holy Land for a long time, and there were many errors in the writings. So, together with Tang Xidian, the general of the five sense organs, and Yang Ci, the Guanglu doctor, they submitted a petition to correct the writing of the Six Classics, and they were allowed by Emperor Ling. Cai Yong wrote the scriptures on the stele and had craftsmen engrave it and set it up outside the gate of Taixue.

Cai Yan

The dates of Cai Yan's birth and death are yet to be determined. A poet in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. The word Wenji. A native of Qixian County, Kaifeng. The daughter of Cai Yong. Erudite

Ruan Yu

Ruan Yu (about 165-212) was a writer in the late Eastern Han Dynasty and one of the "Seven Sons of Jian'an". Zi Yuanyu. A native of Weishi County, Kaifeng. He served as Cao Cao's commander in chief of the Air Force, and later became a vassal of Cao Cao. He is good at writing calligraphy and poetry. Very few of his works have survived, and the Ming Dynasty compiled the Collection of Ruan Yuanyu. ?

Ruan Ji

Ruan Ji (210～263) was a writer of the Wei Dynasty in the Three Kingdoms. The name is Si Zong. A native of Weishi County, Kaifeng, Henan.

Zhidaolin

Zhidaolin (314～366) was an eminent monk of the Jin Dynasty. The name is escaped, and the words are used. Kaifeng people. He became a monk at the age of 25 and became friends with Xie An, Wang Xizhi and others, and he was good at discussing mystical principles. He wrote "The Mysterious Theory of Immediate Formation", which preached "Immediate form is empty" and developed the idea of ??emptiness of nature in Prajna studies. He was one of the six masters of Prajna studies. Most of his other works are lost. ?

Cai Mo

Cai Mo’s birth and death years are yet to be determined. Minister of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. A native of Lankao, Kaifeng. In the third year of Xianhe's reign (328), Emperor Cheng of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Su Jun launched a rebellion, and Cai participated in putting down the rebellion. He then moved to Taichang and was given the title of Luoyang Nan.

Later, he became the general of Zhengbei and the military commander of Xu, Yan and Qing states, and became the main figure in the Eastern Jin Dynasty's fight against the northern forces. He died after serving as the third official of Guanglu Doctor and Kaifu Yitong. Posthumous title Wenmu. ?

Zheng Daozhao

Zheng Daozhao (?～516) was a minister and calligrapher of the Northern Wei Dynasty during the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Kaifeng people. His courtesy name is Xi Bo and his nickname is Mr. Zhongyue. He was young but eager to learn, and he was well-read. He was a secretary at first, then moved abroad to serve as a regular servant, and moved to the country to offer wine. Later he was Ping

Wu Jing

Wu Jing (670～749) was a historian of the Tang Dynasty. Kaifeng people. When he was young, he was motivated to study hard and knew the classics and history thoroughly. During the Chang'an period of Empress Wu, she was ordered to enter the history museum and compile the history of the country. Soon, the official paid homage to You and collected the relics. During the reign of Empress Wu from Chang'an to Zhongzong Jinglong, when the ministers Wu Sansi, Zhang Changzong, and Zhang Yizhi were in power, some historians were afraid of power and concealed it with their writing. Wu Jing despised this very much, so he privately wrote "Book of Tang" and "Book of Tang" in his spare time. "Tang Chunqiu". He believed that the history books of the Five Dynasties of Qi, Liang, Chen, Zhou and Sui during the Southern and Northern Dynasties were complicated, so he compiled 10 volumes each of Qi, Liang and Zhou histories, 5 volumes of Chen history, and 20 volumes of Sui history. In addition, the historical books he wrote or participated in the compilation include 10 volumes of "Tang Shu Bei Que Ji", 20 volumes of "Tang Zhongzong's Records", 5 volumes of "Tang Ruizong's Records", 1 volume of "Kaiyuan Shengping Yuan Ji", "Fourteen Families of the Tang Dynasty" "Aristocratic Genealogy" 1 volume, "Ancient Yuefu" 10 volumes, "Explanations of Ancient Yuefu Questions" 2 volumes, etc. In particular, the book "Zhenguan Zhengyi" records the questions and answers between Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty and his ministers Wei Zheng, Fang Xuanling, Du Ruhui and others, the ministers' controversies, admonitions and political facilities. Among them, 40 chapters in 10 volumes are from Wu Jing hand.

Cui Hao

Cui Hao (?～754) was a poet of the Tang Dynasty. Kaifeng people. During the Kaiyuan period of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, he was promoted to Jinshi. In the late Kaiyuan period, he was sent as an envoy to the Hedong Army. During the Tianbao period, he successively held the posts of Taipusi Minister, Sixun Yuanwailang, etc. Cui Hao wrote poems when he was young, but his reputation was frivolous. In the late period, he suddenly changed his regular style. Among the existing works, there are several that are flashy in color and frivolous in content. They may have been written when he was young. Later, he joined the army in the frontier fortress, and his poetic style changed, showing the high-spirited feelings of "being born in a foreign country" and "serving the country in disaster". Such as "Gift to Wang Weigu"

Xue Juzheng

Xue Juzheng (912～981) was a minister and historian in the early Song Dynasty. Zi Ping. Kaifeng people. In the second year of Qingtai (935) in the later Tang Dynasty, he became a Jinshi. From the Jin Dynasty to the Zhou Dynasty, he became a bachelor of Hongwenguan and the minister of the Ministry of punishment. After the establishment of the Northern Song Dynasty, he moved to the Ministry of Household Affairs Minister. In the third year of Jianlong's reign (962), he was appointed Privy Councilor and was in charge of the national tribute examinations. During his tenure, he acted impartially and without favoritism, and was highly regarded by Taizu.

Shi Shouxin

Xiang Minzhong

Xiang Minzhong (949～1020) was the prime minister of Zhenzong Dynasty in the Northern Song Dynasty. The word Changzhi. Kaifeng people. In the fifth year of Taiping and Xingguo's reign (980), he became a Jinshi. He was first appointed as the eunuch, You Zanshan, and Zhishuang. Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty appreciated him very much for "summoning him to the palace and occupying the bright and clear position", and ordered him to be promoted to an official in the Ministry of Household Affairs and appointed as the deputy envoy to Huainan. Later, he became a judge of the Ministry of Household Affairs, learned how to make imperial edicts, and soon had the power to judge Dali Temple. Xiang Minzhong is an honest official and does not get into trouble. Taizong wanted to entrust him with a big responsibility, but he was jealous of others and falsely accused him of accepting heavy bribes from the criminal official Huangfu Kan. After investigation, it was completely fabricated. Taizong paid more attention to him. Within more than 100 days, he was promoted several levels, and he was promoted to the right to advise the officials and Tongzhi Privy Council affairs. In the fourth year of Xianping (1001), he ascended the throne for the first time.

Ding Du

Ding Du (990～1053) was a text exegesis expert in the Northern Song Dynasty. The word is Gongzhi. Kaifeng native

Song Qi

Song Qi (998～1061) was a writer and historian of the Northern Song Dynasty. The name is Zijing. Anlu (now Hubei An

Zheng Ke

The birth and death dates of Zheng Ke are yet to be determined. An official in the Southern Song Dynasty. The courtesy name is Keming. A native of Kaifeng. Jinshi in the sixth year of Xuanhe (1124). At the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty, he became an official. Shilang, Lieutenant of Shangyuan County of Jiankang Prefecture and Chengzhilang, and official of Huzhou Trial and Punishment Department. Based on the "Collection of Suspicious Prisons" written by He Ning and his son in the Five Dynasties, he added categories and added comments to compile it. "Jiu Jingjian".

This book is the earliest extant collection of prison litigation cases in China. It divides into 20 categories including explanation of grievances, defense of false accusations, vindictiveness, discussion of guilt, apology, punishment of evil, detection of rape, nuclear rape, detection of thieves, trace thieves, strictness, and caution. , compiled more than 270 cases and more than 390 incidents related to redress of injustice, imprisonment and sentencing from the Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period to the Daguan and Zhenghe Periods of the Northern Song Dynasty, and analyzed most of the cases in the form of notes

< p>Su Hanchen

Su Hanchen’s birth and death dates are yet to be determined. Painter of Song Dynasty. Kaifeng people. During the reign of Emperor Huizong, he served as a waiter for the Xuanhe Painting Academy. Gaozong was reinstated during his reign in Shaoxing. In the early years of Emperor Xiaozong's reign (1163), he was granted the title of Chengxinlang. He studied under Liu Zonggu and painted figures, ladies and Buddhist and Taoist religious paintings. The brushwork is neat and detailed, the coloring is fresh and moist, especially the scene of the laborer and the salesman playing with the baby, and the mood is vivid. His extant works include "The Merchant", "The Infant Play in the Autumn Courtyard", etc. ?

Meng Yuanlao

Meng Yuanlao’s birth and death years are yet to be determined. Writer of Song Dynasty. A native of Kaifeng City. When the Jin Dynasty destroyed the Northern Song Dynasty, Meng Yuanlao traveled south. He often recalled the prosperity of Tokyo. In the 17th year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1147), he wrote "Tokyo Menghua Lu" with his own preface. This book has a certain influence in the history of Chinese literature. ?

Wang Yinglin

Wang Yinglin (1223～1296) was a scholar in the Southern Song Dynasty. The courtesy name is Bohou and the nickname is Shen Ning Jushi. He lived in Junyi (now Kaifeng City) for a long time, and later moved to Qingyuan (now Ningbo, Zhejiang). Chun?

Zhong Sicheng

Zhong Sicheng (about 1279 ~ about 1360) was a dramatist in the Yuan Dynasty. The courtesy name is Jixian and the name is Chou Zhai. Open

Wang Tingxiang

Wang Tingxiang (1474～1544) was a thinker of the Ming Dynasty. The courtesy name is Ziheng and the nickname is Junchuan. A native of Yifeng Township, Lankao County, Kaifeng. He became a Jinshi at the age of 29. His writings are heroic and his poems are elegant and smooth. Together with Li Mengyang, He Jingming, Kang Hai, Wang Jiusi, Xu Zhenqing and Bian Gong, he is known as the "First Seven Sons". 1509

Li Mengyang

Li Mengyang (1475～1531) was a writer of the Ming Dynasty. Li Lian (1488 ~ about 1566) was a scholar of the Ming Dynasty. The courtesy name is Chuanfu. Kaifeng people. In the eighth year of Zhengde (1513), he won the first place in the Henan Provincial Examination. The next year, he became a Jinshi at the age of 27. From then to the age of 38, he served successively as the magistrate of Mianyang

Gao Shusi

Gao Shusi (1501～1537) was a writer of the Ming Dynasty. Kaifeng County native. Ziye. Jiajing Jinshi. He successively served as the head of the Ministry of Personnel and the inspector of Huguang. He is less well known to Li Mengyang, whose poems are fresh and graceful. There is "Sumen Collection".

Shi Kefa

Shi Kefa (1601～1645) was a general in the late Ming Dynasty. The name is Xianzhi and the name is Daolin. Kaifeng people. In the first year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (1628), he became a Jinshi and was promoted to an official in Xi'an Prefecture. He later moved to the posts of head of household department, Yuanwai Lang and Lang Zhong, and was promoted to Yushi of Youqiandu. In April of the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (1644), Li Zicheng led the peasant uprising army to capture Beijing. He led his troops to King Qin and stopped at Pukou. The Qing army captured Beijing, and the Nanming regime was established in Nanjing. He served as the Minister of Rites, the Minister of War and the Bachelor of Dongge. Later, he was squeezed out by the treacherous minister Ma Shiying.

Li Yan

Li Yan (?～1644) was a general of the peasant uprising army in the late Ming Dynasty. Real name letter

Zhou Lianggong

Zhou Lianggong (1612～1672) was a beginner in the late Ming and Qing Dynasties. The character is Yuan Liang, and his nickname is the Old Man of Yueyuan. Kaifeng people. He was studious and well-read since childhood. In the thirteenth year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (1640), he became a Jinshi and became a censor. Qing troops went to the south of the Yangtze River and surrendered to the Qing Dynasty. During the Shunzhi period, he was promoted to the left governor of Fujian Province to the right minister of the Ministry of Household Affairs. He was impeached and imprisoned for involvement, and was later released. At the beginning of Kangxi's reign, it was used as a grain road in Jiang'an. He was sentenced to death for hanging, but was pardoned and was spared. He died of illness soon after. Zhou Lianggong wrote many works in his life, mainly including "Lai Gutang Collection", "Yinshuwu Shuying", "Duhualou Painter Biography", "Yinren Biography" and "Tongshu"

Zhao Yingcheng

Zhao Yingcheng (1619~?) was an official in the Qing Dynasty. Zihanzhang. Open

Zhang Boxing

Zhang Boxing (1652～1725) was a minister in the early Qing Dynasty. The courtesy name is Xiaoxian. A native of Lankao County, Kaifeng. Born in a scholarly family, he was a Jinshi in the 24th year of Kangxi reign (1685), a secretary in the cabinet, governor of Fujian and Jiangsu, and minister of the Ministry of Rites

Zhou Zhiqi

Zhou Zhiqi (1782～1862) in the Qing Dynasty Acting minister. A native of Kaifeng City. The courtesy name is Zhigui and the nickname is Tui'an. Jinshi in Jiaqing, official to the right minister of the Ministry of Punishment, governor of Guangxi. Able to write Ci, there are "Jin Liang Meng Yue Ci", "Huai Meng Ci", etc. There is a compilation of "Selected Ci Poems of Sixteen Families of Xin Rizhai".

Chang Maolai

Chang Maolai (1788～1873) was a cultural celebrity in Kaifeng in the Qing Dynasty. The courtesy name is Yishan, also known as Tongding

Song Jijiao

Song Jijiao (1818～1893) was a cultural celebrity in Kaifeng in the Qing Dynasty. The characters are Shuzhi, Shuzhi, Shuzhi, and the names are Meihua Taoist and Muyan Taoist. In the 23rd year of Daoguang's reign (1843), he was selected as the superior tribute and passed the examination the following year. In the eighth year of Xianfeng (1858), he was appointed Xuzhou Xuezheng, and later successively served as professor of Chenzhou Fuxue and Nanyang Fuxue. His writings include "Juxuezhai Shichao", "Yingchuan Collection" and "Xihuai Collection"

Li Yuanqing

Li Yuanqing (1838～1904) was a leader of peasant grain resistance in the late Qing Dynasty. A native of Kaifeng City. Hui people.

Liu Zeng?

Liu Zeng? (1845～1926) A cultural celebrity in Kaifeng in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. The courtesy name is Xiangchen, and his late name is Mengyuan. In the third year of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1864), he was promoted to Jinshi in the second year of Guangxu (1876). Later, he served as magistrate of Yuncheng, Tancheng, Heze and Renping counties in Shandong Province. At the age of 48, he became an official in Shuntian Prefecture, and then served as the editorial office of Henan University.

Wei Ziqing

Wei Ziqing (1870~1928) industrialist. The word Buyun. Hui people. A native of Kaifeng City.

Jin Zhi

Jin Zhi (1877～1967) was a patriotic democrat. The word is Zhongyun. A native of Kaifeng City. In the 29th year of Guangxu's reign (1903), he graduated from the Capital University in Beijing. Later, he studied in England and France and joined the Alliance in France. During the Republic of China, he served as senior government officials at all levels.

Bingzhi

Bingzhi (1886～1965) was a biologist. His original name was Zhai Bingzhi, and his previous names were Zhai Nongshan and Zhai Jiqian. Manchu. A native of Kaifeng City. In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), he graduated from the Department of Biology of Cornell University in the United States with a bachelor's degree in science. In the 7th year of the Republic of China (1918), he received a doctorate in philosophy. He returned to China in the 9th year of the Republic of China (1920) and established China's first biology department at Nanjing Normal University the following year. He successively served as a professor of zoology at Southeast University, Central University and Fudan University. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as the Institute of Hydrobiology and Animal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Dan Pengyan

Dan Pengyan (1888-1911) was a martyr of the Xinhai Revolution. Ru Ming Genzhu

Wang Yizhai

Wang Yizhai (1896～1972) was a scholar. A native of Qixian County, Kaifeng City. He graduated from Henan Provincial College in his early years and went to France and Austria to study in the 12th year of the Republic of China (1923). He graduated from the University of Vienna in the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928) and received a doctorate in economics. In the 19th year of the Republic of China (1930), he served as professor of the Department of Economics of Henan University. In the 36th year of the Republic of China (1947), the underground branch of the Henan Democratic League was organized.

Chen Yuzhang

Chen Yuzhang (1898～1976) was a calligrapher. A native of Kaifeng City.

Du Mengmo

Du Mengmo (1904～1974) educator. A native of Qixian County, Kaifeng City. The word Hongyuan. In the 14th year of the Republic of China (1925), he was admitted to the Department of Mathematics of Peking University and joined the Communist Party of China the following year. After graduation, he taught in Beijing, Jinan, Kaifeng and other places. He insisted on propagating the revolution, organizing peripheral organizations of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and mobilizing young people to join the Anti-Japanese National Liberation Front. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as the principal of Kaifeng High School, vice president of Kaifeng Teachers College, deputy mayor of Kaifeng City, professor of Mathematics Department of Zhengzhou University, chairman of the Henan Provincial Committee of the Democratic League, and deputy governor of Henan Province.