Zhang Zhichuan, whose name is Boying, was born in Yuanquan, Dunhuang. His father, Wang Huan, is proficient in military strategy and good at writing, and has a reputation for being incorruptible.
Zhi seldom takes high school exercises, and the son of a famous minister studies hard. The article is Confucianism, and Emperor Wu will avoid the table. The bus has a direction, and none of them will. All family clothes and silks must be written first and then trained. Learning books by the pool makes the water ink. Wang Xizhi once said, "It's excellent, I can't catch up with it."
Zhi began to study Zhangcao with Du Du Du and Cui Yuan as teachers, and then completely changed their pen and trend, and now it is grass. His books have been reduced and changed. Breathing through the interlacing, people call it "a flying white book". At that time, people gave their ink to the paper. Wang Sengqian in the Southern Dynasties said: "Boying's pen is poor in thinking, and the good things are far away, far away." Wei Dan of the Three Kingdoms also said: "The steering is subtle and ingenious, which can be said to be in St." < P > Zhi is also good at making pens. This book discusses that At that time, people called him "Yasheng". Sun Suojing, Zhi's sister, benefited from books, especially Zhang Caocao. As an official with Wei Guan, she was known as "one desk with two wonderful works".
There are 2 Odes on Dunhuang Monuments in Dunhuang, and his "Ode to Mo Chi" said:
In the past, people used to skillfully seal elements and promised Zhang Zhi. When I was a few years old, my uncle Hong gathered all my descendants, while Hongzi and Monk danced in the fields, and Monk Qian was sitting alone picking candles and beads for the phoenix. Hong said, "This son will eventually be an elder."
monks are sincere and good at writing official books. Filial piety wants to be good at the title of the book, but monks dare not show their traces. They often dig pens and books to show their capacity. In Taishi, he was the assistant general and Xing Wu's satrap. Wang Xianzhi's (2) good book, Wu Xingjun, and the monk Qian Gongshu, and county, theorists call it.
Taizu was good at writing books and acceded to the throne. After gambling with the monk, he said, "Who is the first?" The monk said devoutly, "The minister's book is the first, and so is your majesty." Laughing at him, he said, "Your kindness can be described as self-seeking." When a monk shows his devotion to a historic site, he asks for a name. Monk Qian Shang Yang Xin wrote a volume of Nengshu Names.
Monk Qian said in On Books: Song Wendi's books are more natural than Wang Zijing's, and the arguer said, "Nature is better than Yang Xin, but kung fu is less than Xin". The great-grandfather led the book, and the right army 3 said, "My brother's book will not reduce me." When Yu was young, he was as famous as the right army, and when the right army was backward, Yu was still not angry. In Jingzhou, he wrote a book with the people in the capital: "Children learn to relax and learn less, so they should be compared with me." Wang Youjun wrote the book from the table, and Jin Mu Emperor ordered zhang yi to write it, which was exactly the same, but he answered the question after the question. The right army didn't say goodbye at that time, and it took a long time to realize that the cloud "zhang yi villain, a few desires are confusing." Zhang Zhi and Er Wei were named the previous generation, and there is no way to distinguish their advantages and disadvantages, only to see their amazing brushwork. When Yang Xin's book was seen as important for a while, he was respected by his son, and his calligraphy was especially good, but he didn't deserve his name. Kong Lin's book is naturally indulgent, with great pen power, and its rules may be behind Yang Xin. Xie Zongshu, hate less and flatter better. Xie Lingyun is neither fish nor fowl, and when he meets it, he also gets into the stream. Yu Xin learns from the right army and wants to confuse the truth. (based on the Book of Nanqi)
Note: ① Digging pen: bald pen. ② Wang Xianzhi: Zi Zijing, a calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was famous for his running script and cursive script. ③ Right Army: General of the right army. Wang Xizhi (Yi Shao), a calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, once held this post, and was known as "Wang Youjun".
1. Among the following statements, the bold words are not correctly explained: ()
A. Older people: older people
B. Right troops are backward and backward: later they grow up
C. Natural indulgence: unconstrained
D. inflow: included in the flow
2. The following statements. The group with the same meaning and usage of bold words is ()
A. Commonly used pen-digging books, so that we can see that Rong/Yang Xin's books are important for a while
B. Answer after the topic/Correct is not called
C. The right army didn't say goodbye at that time, but after a long time, it realized/defeated Jingzhou and went to Jiangling
D. It was impossible to distinguish its advantages and disadvantages/both. One thing that doesn't conform to the meaning of the text is ()
A. Uncle Hong gathered all the descendants, and Hongzi monk danced in the ground
(His) uncle Wang Hong gathered the children together, and Wang Sangda, Wang Hong's son, danced and played on the ground
B. Taizu was good at calligraphy and acceded to the throne, and he was very good at it
Taizu was good at calligraphy until he acceded to the throne. Love calligraphy more than
C. Qing can be described as self-seeking
You can be said to be good at thinking for yourself
D. The late great-grandfather led the book, and the late great-grandfather Wang led the letter, and Wang Xizhi said, "My brother didn't lose me when he wrote"
4.
B. Wang Xianzhi and Wang Sengqian are both good at calligraphy, and they have both served as county chiefs in Xing Wu, so it is said to be a beautiful talk.
C. Yu Yi, the general of the Western Expedition, is as famous as Wang Xizhi in calligraphy, and many young students come to learn from Yu Yi.
D. zhang yi and Yu Xin imitated Wang Xizhi's calligraphy, and both of them almost reached the level of confusing the fake with the real.
5. The article said that "Song Wendi's calligraphy is better than Wang Zijing's, and the arguer said that' naturally it is better than Yang Xin's, and his kung fu is less than Xin'", which means that "Song Wendi's calligraphy can be compared with Wang Xianzhi's, but the critics at that time said that' Song Wendi's talent is higher than Yang Xin's, and the degree of calligraphy art is not as good as Yang Xin's'". Please talk about your understanding of the relationship between "nature" and "kung fu" based on your reading accumulation. (not less than 2 words)
1.A
2.A
3.D
4.C
5. 3. Ruan Yuan biography of classical Chinese full-text translation
Qing history draft Ruan Yuan biography
original
Ruan Yuan, the word Boyuan, Yizheng, Jiangsu. Qianlong was a scholar in fifty-four years, and when he was called to the right place, he was pleased and said, "I didn't expect to get another man in eighty years!" In the fourth year of Jiaqing, he was acting as the governor of Zhejiang Province, seeking a real grant. Haikou disturbed Zhejiang for several years, and coastal bandits colluded. Yuan Zheng's cluster was discussed as a strategy to prevent thieves, build ships and guns, practice land divisions, and help Du. In the summer of five years, when Kou arrived, Yuan went to Taizhou to supervise the suppression, so he asked Dinghai Town Company Commander President Li Changgeng to be the naval division of the three towns, and transferred Guangdong and Fujian soldiers to suppress it, and Zhejiang and foreign countries gradually became clear. In ten years, Yuan Ding's father left his post in sorrow, and in twelve years, he served as an assistant minister of the Ministry of War and was appointed as the governor of Zhejiang Province. The Yuan Dynasty ruled Zhejiang, benefiting politics more, and balancing Kougong with the clouds. When Fang Dushi was in Ningbo, he invited Liu Fenggao, the official of Xuezheng, to represent him in the prison after having obtained the provincial examination, which had the disadvantage of joint registration. He dismissed the official, sent a letter to him, dismissed him from his post, edited him, and walked in Wenying Pavilion. Reluctantly moved to a bachelor's degree in cabinet, moved to an assistant minister in the Ministry of Industry, and became the governor of grain transportation. Twenty-two years, the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi. The first year, the English envoy entered Beijing, but returned without ceremony, so he gradually became domineering. Yuan added two forts, Dahuangjiao and Dahushan, and divided their troops to station. Repeatedly avoiding foreign invasion, he briefly said, "English is strong and rebellious, and its nature is greedy." It's advisable to use force in a town, not to use force in a town. His ship is strong and powerful, and his skill is better than water and shorter than land. Make it a rule that foreign cargo ships are not allowed to enter the inland ocean without permission, and if they violate the law, they should improvise and punish them. It's not my fault that all countries know that they are guilty of my prohibition. " In the end, the soldiers and ships will not arrive. In the sixth year of Daoguang, the governor of Yunnan, Yunnan and Guizhou, paid more than 1, yuan for the long-term shortage of Yunnan salt, and stopped the smuggling of private salt wells. The uneven adjustment made up for the over-year class. When there was an overflow of sales, the border people in Baoshan and other places said that they were charming and hunted for a living, so they raised 3 households to plant mountains to defend themselves. Savages are afraid of power, and there are gradually surrender. Twenty-nine years old, eighty-six years old, excellent letter to the T-shirt, Shi Wenda. (Excerpt from "Qing History Draft"? Biography of Ruan Yuan)
Reference translation
Ruan Yuan was born in Yizheng, Jiangsu. In the fifty-fourth year of Qianlong's entrance examination, the emperor summoned Ruan Yuan to answer questions about political affairs, economics and justice. (After the "calling for the right", the emperor said happily, "I didn't expect to get another talent after I was 8 years old." In the fourth year of Jiaqing, Ruan Yuan acted as the agent of Zhejiang Governor, and soon officially assumed this position. Pirates have been harassing the coastal areas of Zhejiang for many years, and collusion with coastal bandits has become a scourge. Ruan Yuan solicited and collected everyone's opinions, formulated a strategy to eliminate pirates, built ships and cannons, trained land troops, and put an end to support for pirates. In the summer of the fifth year of Jiaqing, Haikou attacked on a large scale, and Ruan Yuan rushed to Taizhou to suppress the warlord, requesting (the court) to let Li Changgeng, the company commander of Dinghai Town, command the navy divisions of the three towns in a unified way, and at the same time dispatch the troops of Guangdong and Fujian to jointly suppress bandits, so that the ocean surface along the coast of Zhejiang Province gradually became quiet. In the tenth year of Jiaqing, Ruan Yuan left his post in mourning for his father. In the 12th year of Jiaqing, Ruan Yuan was appointed as assistant minister of the Ministry of War, and was appointed as the governor of Zhejiang again. Ruan Yuan has governed Zhejiang twice, and there are many virtues, among which the achievement of pacifying Haikou is particularly outstanding. When Ruan Yuan was trying to suppress bandits in Ningbo, the imperial court requested that Liu Fenggao, a Zhejiang scholar, take his place as the supervisor of Zhejiang after having obtained the provincial examination ("supervisor" is in charge of the supervision work after having obtained the provincial examination, which is generally held by the main officials). There was a series of fraud incidents (after obtaining the provincial examination). Ruan Yuan was impeached by the remonstrator and sent envoys to investigate and interrogate, and the case was confirmed. The emperor issued a letter to reprimand Ruan Yuan for harboring selfish interests and deprived him of Ruan Yuan's position. Qianlong ordered the compilation of Huang Qing Wen Ying, and Jiaqing ordered the compilation of Continued Huang Qing Wen Ying, hence the name) to participate in related work. After many promotions, he served as a bachelor of cabinet, (and) transferred to the Ministry of Industry as an assistant minister, and (later) transferred to Beijing as the governor of grain transportation. In the twenty-second year of Jiaqing, he was transferred to the governor of Huguang. The year before (when he was governor of Huguang), the envoys of Britain who came to pay tribute arrived in Beijing, and they went back without completing the etiquette, so (the British) gradually became insolent. Ruan Yuan (after arrival) expanded Dahuangjiao and Dahushan forts, and sent troops to guard them respectively. He repeatedly stated that he should guard against the disasters caused by foreigners in advance. The main content is: "English relies on its strong national strength and is unruly, and its nature is greedy for interests. They should be restrained by power, not completely appeased by kindness. Their ships are strong, their cannons are powerful, and they are good at naval battles rather than land battles in terms of operational skills. As a rule, foreign cargo ships are not allowed to enter the inland sea without authorization. If we violate the routine ban, we should improvise and punish them appropriately. Countries will also know that they violated China's ban, not that China rashly provoked trouble. " Until the end of Ruan Yuan's tenure, foreign warships didn't dare to come. In the sixth year of Daoguang, Ruan Yuan was transferred to the governor of Yunnan-Guizhou Province. The salt policy in Yunnan has been declining for a long time, with a deficit of more than 1, salt taxes every year. Ruan Yuan impeached and removed corrupt officials, and made every effort to put an end to loopholes and smuggling in the salt policy. The government came forward to adjust and supplement the output of salt wells, and after one year, the tax revenue was in addition to the surplus, which was allocated as border defense expenses as appropriate. The natives outside Tengyue border often enter the mainland to rob and plunder, while there are Lisu border people in Baoshan and other places. They make a living by reclaiming barren hills and hunting, and the government can use them. So they recruited 3 Lisu border people to concentrate on reclaiming land for farming, borrowing them to resist the harassment of foreigners, and used the surplus salt tax as the funds for this work, which increased year by year. The natives abroad were afraid of this kind of power, and gradually there were people who came to surrender and join in. Ruan Yuan died in the 29th year of Daoguang at the age of eighty-six. The emperor gave him a high praise and generous pension, and posthumous title Wenda. 4. Zhang Yongchuan's classical Chinese and his translation
Original: Zhang Yong, whose word is Fu Zhi, was born in Juancheng, pu zhou.
in the fifth year of Taiping and rejuvenating the country, the county raised scholars and proposed to praise the first recommendation. Those who have Confucianism and Zhang Qin rewelding are not the first. They chant and Kou Zhun will send a letter to the book county, and commend Qin, who is the leader, and all of them promise that they can make it.
Hui Li Ling, Song Shu and Kou Zhun even recommended their talents, thinking that Jinghu North Road was a transshipment ambassador. Play and return, and deliver the water to the husband in Xiaerzhou.
just transfer to Dr. tai Chang. Emperor Taizong heard of his strong work and called it back.
Zhang Yongde deployed for both the merger and the generation, and a small school broke the law and was sentenced to death. A letter to the case is guilty.
Yong Feng returned the imperial edict, saying, "Your Majesty appointed Yongde as a side post. If you insult the commander with a proofreading book, I am afraid that I will have a light heart." Taizong disobeyed.
a few days later, if a battalion soldier threatened to sue the military school, he recited the past and made a speech, and Taizong changed his mind. When the profit was known, Li Shun was in chaos, and Wang Jien and Shangguan Zheng attacked and begged, but the division did not advance.
praise words to inspire righteousness, encourage them to do it personally, and still serve as a reward for the account. Because of this, when the decision was made to go deep into Kejie, the people threatened to move the letter from the court and sent them back to their fields with the help of the imperial court.
at the beginning, Shu scholars knew how to learn, but were not happy to be an official. Zhang He, Li Yi, and Zhang Kui, people from Yongcha County, have learned to learn, which is called by the village. Then I urged him to give it, and the three of them learned to enter the exam.
a scholar's advice is based on knowledge. In the second year of Chengping, Xia Yong learned about Hangzhou with the assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry.
it's a year's regret, and the people are self-sufficient by private salt. Hundreds of criminals were arrested, and they were told to be lenient and sent away.
The official said, "If it's not painful, I'm afraid it can't be banned." Yong said: "There are 1, families in Qiantang, and the hungry are nine times out of ten. If you don't live by salt, once the bees gather as thieves, it will be a deep disaster.
Once in Qiu Cheng, it will still be legal. " In the past five years, Zhenzong had excelled in governing Shu before chanting, and after that, he knew Yizhou.
The governor of Xie Tao will be sent to the West Shu, and an order will be sent to chant: "I have no worries about visiting the West since I am in Shu." Yong and Qingzhou Fu Linshao.
Lin Yin is not an official. It is obvious that those who seek rain for 3 years cannot get it.
I'm here to pay my respects. Bai Fulin, the official, invited me to meet him and said, "Mr. Fu is a wise man in the world. I'm not a friend yet. Who are you? How dare you name him!" (From Song History? Biography of Zhang Yong (abridged) Translation: Zhang Yong, whose name is Fu Zhi, was born in Juancheng, pu zhou. In the fifth year of Taiping and rejuvenating the country, pu zhou recommended Jinshi, and the public first recommended Zhang Yong.
Before Zhang Qin, an old Confucian scholar in the local area, was admitted to Jinshi, Zhang Yong and Kou Zhun wrote to the garrison commander in this state, recommending Zhang Qin as the first choice, and everyone praised Zhang Yong for his humility. Just as Li Ling, Song Long and Kou Zhun recommended his talents one after another, he was appointed as the transport ambassador of Jinghu North Road.
(Zhang Yong) suggested that the water couriers in Guigui and Xiazhou should be removed. In situ to Dr. Tai Chang.
Song Taizong heard about his ability and called him back to the DPRK. Zhang Yongde was appointed as the leader of both generations, and a small school official broke the law and was whipped to death by him.
the emperor issued a letter to try his crimes. Zhang Yong sealed the imperial edict and returned it, saying, "Your Majesty is entrusting Zhang Yongde with the important task of border control. If the commander is humiliated because of a small school official, I am afraid that the lower level will despise the higher level."
Taizong didn't listen. Soon, as expected, soldiers jointly sued the military academy. Zhang Yong quoted the previous incident to discuss it, and Taizong was moved and comforted him.
When he became Yizhou, Li Shun made an insurrection at that time. Following the attack of Eun and Shangguan orthodox soldiers, he could not move forward. Zhang Yong