In Zhejiang, Zhejiang Museum and Xiling Printing Factory are the most abundant national collection units of the Eight Schools of Xiling, but before that, they have never had the opportunity to assemble and exhibit these fine cultural relics. After nearly a year's careful planning and preparation, this exhibition is the first time to show the elegance of "eight famous Xiling" by combining "books, paintings and seals". In order to make it easier for ordinary audiences to watch, all the exhibits are accompanied by explanations.
Ding Jing, the head of the Eighth School of Xiling, was born in a poor family since childhood, but he was unwilling to be an official because of his "extensive knowledge". Ding Jing initiated the vigorous ancient Zhejiang style of the Eight Schools in Xiling. Its new style, artistic beauty, and flashy and subtle habits have been washed away. It combines the essence of Qin and Han art with the creative idea of "leaving the thinking group", as Kong said in "An Introduction to Seal Cutting": "When Huizhou School prevailed, Xiling Ding Jing stood out and was the leader in the Indian world. Most of the seal cutting in the last seven periods followed Ding Jing's example, advocating Qin and Han dynasties in style, being masculine in knife work and having their own artistic achievements. Jiang Ren, whose seal cutting is based on Ding Jing, is developed, round and full, and beautiful in appearance. The edge of the carved running script is a beautiful god, which is natural and unique; Ding Jing's student Huang Yi, whose seal cutting can be traced back to the Han Dynasty, is adjacent to the Song and Yuan Dynasties. He likes to collect inscriptions, extensively search for inscriptions, and add Zhong Ding to the official law to make it more stable and vivid, and obtain the three flavors of seal cutting: "Orthography, Orthodoxy and Orthodoxy"; Xigang studied under Ding Jing, who is an outstanding seal engraver of Zhejiang School. His style is rigorous and quaint. Chen Yuzhong, who was born in a Jinshi family, used calligraphy to seal and copy very well. Ding Jing is a master of seal cutting and Qin and Han dynasties, and his style is upright. Chen Hongshou is a seal cutting method in Qin and Han Dynasties, which was once involved by Ding Jing, Huang Yi and others. His knife is bold and natural, and his blade is exposed. Gu Zhuo is arrogant and infinite. You Shan extensively studied Han steles and drew nutrition from Han Moya stone carvings, with strong brushwork and strange structure. Zhao, a student in Chen Hongshou, is loyal and honest. Proficient in epigraphy, fine composition, simple knife method and official script. Song Qian, a seal engraver in China, inherited the "Zhejiang School" and began to blend into the "Huizhou School" style. He seeks nature in the balance between cloth and white, avoids too much decoration in the knot, and the knife method is more prominent.
Although the "Eight Schools of Xiling" are famous for their exquisite seal cutting, most of them are proficient in calligraphy, good at painting and have made great achievements in calligraphy and painting creation. For example, Ding Jing is good at official script, following the tradition and writing plum, orchid, bamboo and narcissus. His pen is unique and has a unique charm; Chiang's masters, Yan Zhenqing and Sun, are particularly good at writing; Huang Yi Lishu's brushwork is round and plain, with great momentum. I feel that the ancient method is for everyone, and the landscape painting is cold and quiet, with the charm of light ink stick figure and a kind of stone flavor; Xigang's four-body works, especially his meticulous brushwork, natural and unrestrained landscape paintings, graceful flowers and extraordinary orchid bamboo, are masters in central Zhejiang; Chen Yuzhong's regular script is dignified and beautiful, and it is also a seal script. He painted landscapes, pines, bamboos, plums and orchids, and tried to write ink pens, pines, bamboos and plums with seal script. Chen Hongbang's calligraphy is good at calligraphy, cursive, seal and official script, and draws nutrients from the cliff of Han tablet. Lishu has the characteristics of "madness" and is the highest achievement among the "eight schools". It is good at painting landscapes and bamboos. Zhao's calligraphy is excellent in seal cutting, official seal and other aspects, especially with its own characteristics. His landscape painters, Ni and Huang, take Xiao Shu's secluded lotus as their ancestor, and their flowers are chic in brushwork, intercropping with grass insects and casually pointing pens, all of which force Xiao; Shufa Qian has a profound foundation, painting landscapes in the past, and is also good at plum and bamboo.
Seal cutting, the eight schools of painting and calligraphy in Xiling, has a great influence on the development of painting and calligraphy printing in Zhejiang, especially the "Zhejiang School" seal cutting headed by the eight schools, which lasted nearly 150 years and started the modern seal cutting, and was handed down from generation to generation in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. 65,438+0904 The establishment of Xiling Printing Society was closely related to "West". Looking at the whole development process of Xiling printing society, the influence of "Xiling Eight Schools" runs through and leaves a deep imprint in its historical evolution.