1. King Gu Ye (519-581), whose original name was Gu Tilun and whose courtesy name was Xifeng, was from Wu County, Wu County (now Suzhou, Jiangsu Province). An official, text exegete, and historian in the Liang and Chen Dynasties of the Southern Dynasties.
Because he admired Feng Yewang of the Western Han Dynasty, he changed his name to Gu Yewang, hoping that he could achieve the same literary achievements as Feng Yewang). He lived in Tinglin (now part of Jinshan District, Shanghai) for a long time and was known as Gu Tinglin. In the fourth year of Datong reign of Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty, he was a doctor of Taixue, a doctor of Chen Guozi, a minister of Huangmen, and a doctor of Guanglu. He was well versed in classics and history, good at painting, and wrote "Yupian". Chen Taijian died in the 13th year of his life, and was given the imperial edict to the Secretary, Supervisor, and General Youwei.
2. Gu Kaizhi (348-409), whose courtesy name was Changkang and whose nickname was Hutou, was Han nationality and a native of Wuxi, Jinling (now Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province). Outstanding painter, painting theorist and poet. Gu Kaizhi was erudite and talented, good at poetry, calligraphy, and especially painting.
He was good at portraits, Buddha statues, animals, landscapes, etc. People at that time called him the three masters: painting, writing and infatuation. Xie An attached great importance to it, thinking that it had never happened before. Gu Kaizhi, Cao Buxing, Lu Tanwei, and Zhang Sengyao were collectively known as the "Four Great Masters of the Six Dynasties". Gu Kaizhi's paintings were intended to express the spirit, and his arguments such as "imagination is wonderful" and "describing spirit with form" laid the foundation for the development of traditional Chinese painting.
3. Gu Kuang (date of birth and death unknown), also known as Bu Weng, also known as Huayang Zhenyi (some say Huayang Zhenyin). In his later years, he called himself Bei Weng, Han nationality, and a native of Haiyan (now in Haining, Zhejiang) during the Tang Dynasty. Poet, painter, and connoisseur of the Tang Dynasty. His official position was not high in his life. He once served as a writer. He offended the powerful by writing poems and ridiculing him, so he was demoted to the Sihu of Raozhou and joined the army. In his later years, he lived in seclusion in Maoshan and published "Huayang Collection".
4. Gu Cong (?-1754), named Yongfang, was from Jilin (now Changchun City, Jilin), and was under the Xianghuang Banner of Manchuria. A minister of the Qing Dynasty, he gave it to the grandson of the eighth generation of Taifu Gu and the son of Deputy Governor Gu Yan.
At the beginning, he was admitted to the Arithmetic School as a supervisor and revised arithmetic books. In the 61st year of Kangxi's reign, he was awarded the title of Wai Lang, a member of the Ministry of Civil Affairs. During the Yongzheng period, he successively served as a doctor in the Ministry of Household Affairs, Minister of Taipu Temple, and envoy of Bazhou Camp. He moved to Taichang Minister and served as the governor-general of Zhili. In the first year of Qianlong's reign, he was appointed as the governor of Jiangsu, co-organized the affairs of the Ministry of Personnel, and was transferred to the governor of Hedao. He died at home in the nineteenth year (1754).
5. Gu Hongzhong (910-980), a native of Jiangnan, was a figure painter of the Southern Tang Dynasty in the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. He once served as an imperial edict at the Southern Tang Painting Academy. He used round strokes and square strokes to create colors. Rich and beautiful, he is good at depicting the expressions and moods of characters, and is as famous as Zhou Wenju. The only surviving work is "Han Xizai's Night Banquet".
"Han Xizai's Night Banquet" depicts the night banquet of Han Xizai, the minister of the Southern Tang Dynasty. According to the record in Volume 7 of "Xuanhe Painting Book", this painting was painted by Gu Hongzhong, Zhou Wenju and Gao Taichong, who sneaked into Han Xizai's mansion on the order of his later master to get a glimpse of his dissolute nightlife, and painted it based only on visual recognition and mental memory.
Baidu Encyclopedia - Gu Yewang
Baidu Encyclopedia - Gu Kaizhi
Baidu Encyclopedia - Gu Kuang
Baidu Encyclopedia - Gu Cong
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