1. Introduction to the author: Introduction to the author: Zheng Xie (1693-1765), courtesy name Kerou, No. Banqiao, was a Kangxi scholar in the imperial examination, and was elected as an official in Fanxian County and Weixian County, Shandong Province in the tenth year of Yongzheng. Zhengsheng said, "I asked for relief for the people due to hunger, disobeyed the officials, and begged for illness." Before and after he became an official, he made a living by painting and calligraphy. He is good at painting orchids, bamboos, stones, pine, chrysanthemums, etc., and he has made the most outstanding achievements in painting bamboos for more than 50 years. The physical appearance is sparse and the style is vigorous. 2. Meaning of the title: Ink Bamboo: Bamboo painted with ink alone. The poem on the ink bamboo picture is the poem on the picture of bamboo drawn with ink alone. 3. Meaning of this poem: We, small state and county officials, every branch and leaf of the bamboo outside the yamen bedroom affects our emotions. The actual meaning is: Although we are just small state and county officials, every move of the common people affects our emotions. It fully reflects Zheng Banqiao's concern for the sufferings of the people. Perceive the poetry: This poem uses "bamboo" as a supporting object and uses symbolic techniques to express the poet's and painter's indifference to fame and fortune, their ambition to relieve the suffering of the people, and the spirit of "I will not move despite the wind and rain." . ) This poem was presented to him by Zheng Banqiao when he was the magistrate of Weixian County, Shandong Province in the 11th and 2nd years of Qianlong's reign. The first sentence "lying in the Yazhai and listening to the bamboos in the Yamen" is written by the author lying down and resting in the study room of the Yamen. At this time, he heard the breeze blowing the bamboos outside the window, and the bamboos were clumps, and the voice was whimpering, which gave people a very special feeling. A feeling of sadness and desolation. The second sentence "suspected to be the sound of suffering among the people" is the author's association with the cold sound of bamboo. The author thought of the sufferings of the common people from the sound of wind and bamboo in nature. It seemed to be the whimpering sound of the common people struggling in hunger and cold, which fully reflected the author's feelings about the common people while he was in the government office. The third sentence, "I am a small official in Caozhou County", is both about myself and including others. It can be seen that it is all the "parents and officials" who should relieve the people's worries. This poem broadens the connotation of the poem. The fourth sentence "Every branch and leaf is always related to love". This poem not only echoes the wind bamboo painting and the title of the poem, but also expresses deep emotions. Every bit of the common people is closely connected with the "parents and officials"! This poem by Zheng Banqiao evokes the suffering of the common people through the sound of the wind blowing and swaying bamboos, and expresses the author's deep concern and sympathy for the fate of the common people. An official in the feudal era had such deep feelings for the working people. It is indeed very valuable. 4. The relationship between sentences 1 and 2: The first sentence is real writing, the author heard the rustling of bamboo. The second sentence is fictitious, it is the author's own association. The truth of the first sentence is the basis for the association of the second sentence. Only with such a voice can the author have such an association. Anyone can hear such a voice, but only those who care about the suffering of the people will have such an association. This is another strengthening of the center. 5. How do we understand the sentence "Every branch and leaf is always related to love"? Be clear: it seems to be about bamboo, but in fact it is about people. The poet's love and compassion for the people are breathtaking. In the article, the author uses bamboo as a metaphor for people and novel objects. He describes an iron-clad scholar in a very reasonable way, showing his high standards, independence and love for the people. 6. Review and reflection: Bamboo symbolizes "having integrity" and the poet's spirit of "I remain unmoved". 4. Reading links: Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou: including eight painters: Zheng Xie, Luo Pin, Li Fangying, Gao Xiang, Jin Nong, Li Yi and Wang Shishen. It lasted nearly a hundred years from his rise in the late Kangxi years to the death of Luo Pin, the youngest painter among the "Eight Eccentrics" in the fourth year of Jiaqing. Their paintings are numerous and widely circulated, immeasurable. The "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou" became famous during their lifetime. Li Yi, Li Fangying and others successively served as emperors of the Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong dynasties respectively to try out their paintings and then conferred their duties. In the eighth year of Qianlong's reign, Hongli saw the "Picture of Cherry Bamboo Shoots" by Zheng Xie, and immediately printed the oval seal with red inscriptions on it, "the treasure of Qianlong's royal view". In the thirteenth year of Qianlong's reign, during Hongli's eastern tour, Zheng Xie was granted the title of "History of Calligraphy and Painting". The bold and innovative style of the "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou" has been passed down by later generations of painters. Xu Beihong once wrote an inscription on a painting of "Orchid and Bamboo" by Zheng Xie: "Mr. Banqiao is one of the most outstanding figures in China in the past three hundred years. His thoughts, writing, calligraphy and painting are also amazing. Looking at his poetry and Calligraphy and painting not only want to see the sublime, but also contain sadness and wonder, making it a rare thing for ancient and modern talents.
The bold and innovative style of the "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou" has been passed down by later generations of painters.