Which dynasty did Zhang Sengyou belong to? 1 which dynasty did Zhang Sengyou belong to?
Zhang Sengyou is a famous great painter in the Southern Dynasties. His painting skills are superb and superb.
Brief introduction of Zhang Sengyou
Zhang Aixiu was the most active painter in Liang Wudi (502-549). At this time, the Longmen Grottoes were excavated, and Buddhist art prevailed in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Liang Wudi loves painting and worships Buddhism.
Zhang Monk's practical ability is very high. He painted portraits of princes from all over the world for Liang Wudi, and it is said that he "looks at them like a face". He painted the faces and clothes of all kinds of characters, ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign, all of which were very real. There are many legends about his paintings. For example, he painted the Buddha statues of Lu Shena and Confucius in Baitang, Huangmiao, Jiangling. It seems that he can predict that this will avoid being burned to death when Emperor Wu of Zhou destroyed the Buddha. He painted four white dragons in anrakuji, Jinling. He has no eyes, but he has two dragons. When he clicked his eyes under the questioning and request of everyone, two dragons instantly broke the wall. He once painted two Tianzhu (India) monks, which were split into two volumes after the post-Beijing rebellion. In the Tang Dynasty, it was scattered in two collections. Collectors dream that Tianzhu monks come to seek the Tao and get together with their lost companions. The collector did so, and his illness was cured. A pigeon perched on a beam in xingguo temple, Runzhou, which defiled the Buddha statue, so Zhang Sengyou drew an eagle on the east wall and an owl on the west wall, both of which looked out of the eaves with their heads sideways. Since then, pigeons have been afraid to come again. These legends all illustrate the position of Zhang Monk's works in the eyes of the masses.
He is very diligent in painting and is described as "never putting down his pen, working day and night, never getting tired, and never having a moment's leisure for several years". He has extensive influence. His son Guo Shan and Confucian children were also good at painting, and painters in the late Northern and Southern Dynasties were influenced by him. He founded the "Zhangjia Style" in the painting and carving of Buddha statues, which was the most popular China style before Wu Daozi appeared in the Tang Dynasty. Critics in the Tang Dynasty believed that Zhang Sengyou was the most successful painter in the previous generation because of his various talents.
His works come from a wide range of sources. Although he painted the most Buddha statues in his life, it can be seen from the titles of his works recorded in the Tang Dynasty that there are also many genre paintings. His brushwork is called "sparse style", and the so-called "one or two strokes, the image has been reflected" is different from Gu and Lu's "dense style". His brushwork is "point, drag and row", which is different from the continuous circular lines of Gu and Lu. It can be seen that there have been many different pen and ink techniques to express objects in ancient times.
Recently, scholars have discussed his story, that is, he painted "concave and convex flowers" on the gate of Yicheng Temple in Nanjing with Tianzhu method, which was "not green enough". If you are dizzy from a distance, you will see that it is flat. As a result, the masses were surprised and called the temple "convex-concave temple". It can be seen from this story that this painting is rare and not popular, and the architectural decoration of this painting on the door is not an ordinary painting. From the surface of the text, this Indian painting seems to be a "fade-out" method in decorative patterns, that is, similar colors are arranged in a centralized order to produce a relief effect.
The story of Zhang Sengyou's finishing touch
Zhang Sengyou Liang, Wu Ren also. In the prison, Assistant Minister of Wuling State, Cabinet Secretary, knows how to draw. ..... anrakuji, Jinling, draw four little dragons. If you don't look at your eyes, you will be afraid to fly away. People think it's a fake birthday, please point it out. Then I lit two dragons, and suddenly lightning broke through the wall, and the two dragons ascended to heaven by clouds; See two dragons that haven't touched their eyes?
Liang Wudi believes in Buddhism, and many temples he built let him paint.
One year, Liang Wudi asked Zhang Sengyou to draw anrakuji in Jinling and painted four golden dragons on the wall of the temple. He promised to finish it in only three days. These dragons are lifelike, as lifelike as real dragons.
After Zhang Sengyou finished painting, many people went to see it and praised it for its good painting and lifelike. However, when people take a closer look, they will find that all four dragons have no eyes. Everyone begged him to light the dragon's eyes. Zhang Sengyou explained: "It is not difficult to give dragons eyes, but with eyes, these dragons will break through the wall and fly away."
Everyone didn't believe it after listening to it. This is ridiculous. How can the dragon on the wall fly away? Zhang Sengyou was forced to "make the finishing point" for the dragon.
On this day, many people watched in front of the temple wall. In front of everyone, Zhang Monk raised his brush and gently lit the eyes of two dragons. Strange things did happen. He just clicked the eyes of the second dragon. Suddenly, the sky was overcast, the wind was blowing, and there was lightning and thunder. In the thunder and lightning, people saw two dragons "making the finishing point", breaking through the wall, soaring, bared their teeth and flying into the sky.
After a while, the dark clouds cleared and people were too scared to say a word. Look at the wall again, there are only two dragons without eyes, and the other two dragons with eyes have disappeared.
Which dynasty did Zhang Sengyou belong to? Which dynasty did Zhang Sengyou belong to?
Zhang Sengyou, whose real name is unknown, was born in Wuzhong, Wu Jun (now Suzhou, Jiangsu). Minister Liang and a famous painter in the Southern and Northern Dynasties.
Tian Liang served as assistant minister of Wuling State in prison, and was in charge of painting in secret pavilions. He is the general of the right-wing army and the local governor of Xing Wu. He studied hard and became a talent. He is good at portrait painting, painting Buddha statues, dragons and eagles, scroll painting and mural painting. The story of this idiom comes from the legend about him. It is recorded that he painted "convex and concave flowers" in Yicheng Temple in Jinling with the method of "contrast between light and shade", which is very stereoscopic. It can be seen that he accepted foreign painting techniques, "the pen is only one or two, and the image has been reflected", which is very similar to the current sketch and is called "sparse body". Today, an original copy of Five Stars and Twenty-eight Hostels copied by Liang Lingzan in the Tang Dynasty has been handed down from generation to generation and has been exported to Japan. But the brushwork and record of this painting are different. He is also good at sculpture and is known as "Zhang's family style".
Zhang Sengyou's painting art has a great influence on later generations, and he is called the fourth ancestor of painters with Gu Kaizhi, Lu Tanwei and Wu Daozi. Tang Dynasty painters Yan and Wu Daozi both studied under him.
Zhang Sengyou's painting techniques
According to "Jiankang", "When entering the temple, it was made by Wang Lun, the king of Liang Shaoling, and the door of the temple was painted with convex and concave flowers, named as the handwriting of Zhang Monk Friends. Its flowers are made of the legacy of Tianzhu, Zhu and turquoise. From a distance, eyes are dizzy and myopia is flat. The world is salty and different, so it is called the convex and concave temple cloud. " It is said that he created a "boneless" method with no outline, all painted in color, which changed the cut-off image since Lu Gu, shaped a more plump model and painted people as "short and bright faces". Zhang Sengyou's "thin style" painting flourished in Sui and Tang Dynasties. Later generations said that his paintings were mainly calligraphy, with strokes like a halberd sword. There are gaps and images in painting, which changed the painting method of "dense" in the Eastern Jin and Southern Song Dynasties.
The life of the character
Monk Zhang. Southern Dynasty painter. The year of birth and death is unknown, mainly in the first half of the 6th century. Liang Wudi Tian Jian (502 ~ 5 19) served as assistant minister of Wuling kingdom, later as secretary of Zhige Zhihua, general of right army and magistrate of Xing Wu.
Zhang Sengyou is famous for his paintings of Buddhism and Taoism, as well as figures, portraits, flowers and birds, animals and landscapes. He painted a large number of murals in many temples in the south of the Yangtze River and was ordered to paint portraits of kings of various countries at that time, which was able to receive the effect of "painting". His legend of "making the finishing point" is quite popular.
Zhang Monk You is engaged in painting creation, with quick thinking and hard work. He has never put down his pen for decades. In terms of skills, she can find new methods and gain extensive knowledge. She used to incorporate the "Pen Diagram" by Wei Shuo, a female calligrapher in the Jin Dynasty, into her paintings to make it more expressive. His artistic techniques are simple and changeable, and he has created a painting method of "the pen is just one or two, and the image is what it should be". Together with Wu Daozi in the Tang Dynasty, he was praised as a representative of sparse body by later generations, and enjoyed a high reputation with the dense body represented by Gu Kaizhi and Lu Tanwei.
At the same time, he is good at absorbing and digesting the expression of foreign art. According to records, he once created murals in Yicheng Temple in Jiankang (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) with the concave-convex painting method introduced from Tianzhu (now India). The painted object is three-dimensional from a distance and flat from a close look, so the temple is also called concave-convex temple.
Zhang Sengyou studied hard on the figures of Buddha statues and formed his own style, which is called "Zhang's family style". He can draw people in a way consistent with the present and the present. He can successfully draw different image characteristics and styles of the painted objects from their specific identities, times and nationalities.
Zhang Sengyou's painting art has a great influence on later generations, and he is also known as three outstanding artists in the Six Dynasties with Gu Kaizhi and Lu Tanwei.