The origin of Zhang can be traced back to ancient legends.
1, from the Yellow Emperor. According to New Tang Book, Prime Minister's Genealogy Table, Genealogy and Yuanhe's Compilation, "The fifth son of the Yellow Emperor's brother wielded a bow and arrow, and later generations gave him the surname Zhang." Therefore, it can be seen that he was once the inventor of an important weapon bow, and later took Zhang Wei as his surname. It belongs to the Zhang family in Hebei.
2, from the descendants of the Yellow Emperor Ji surname. According to Genealogy, in the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a doctor in the State of Jin named Zhang, whose grandson was also named Zhang. In addition, Zhang was an official in the Jin Dynasty. After Korea, Zhao and Wei carved up the State of Jin in 403 BC, most of them moved away with the capitals of the three countries except some. It's for the Zhang family in Shanxi, Hebei and Henan.
3, from the given surname or his surname, his family changed his surname. According to Records of the Historian, Zhuge Liang of Shu gave Zhang the surname when Long, the leader of the Nan people, was taken by the Three Kingdoms, and later generations took Zhang as their surname. Wei general Zhang Liao, formerly known as Nie, was later changed to Zhang. There are also some ethnic minorities who change their surnames to Zhang.
4. All other surnames have been changed to Zhang. According to the records, during the Three Kingdoms period, Zhang Liao, a famous Cao Wei, changed his surname from Nie to Zhang. In addition, Han, Ji and many ethnic minorities such as Xianbei, Xiongnu and Qidan changed their surnames to Zhang.
Get a surname ancestor
Zhang Hui. Zhang was born a long time ago, with a history of about five thousand years. In the era of Huangdi, the ancestor of humanity, Huangdi had a son named Qingyang, and his son Yao was very clever and used his head since he was a child. Once, he looked at the night sky and was inspired by the combination of stars. After research, he invented the bow. At that time, people basically made a living by hunting, and the invention of the bow was a great event, so the Yellow Emperor named it "Gong Zheng", also known as "Gong Chang", and combined the official names into one and gave it the surname "Zhang". Zhang Hui became Zhang's ancestor.
Migration distribution
Zhang is an pictograph. He looks like a man who wants to shoot an arrow with a bow.
Zhang, a traditional Chinese character with eyes, consists of a bow and a long left and right side. When people surnamed Zhang introduce their surnames to others, they all say "bow", which shows that they attach great importance to the "bow" in surnames. From the perspective of philology, "bow" is also the core of the word "Zhang".
Zhang Zi was not found in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, but there are many inscriptions on bronzes and stone tools, and their writing styles are also different. Although these words are written in different ways, they have a basic feature, that is, they cannot be separated from bows, arrows and lengths, especially bows. It can be said that without a bow, there is no Zhang. Judging from the evolution of glyphs, Zhang was originally a combination of bows and arrows. Bow and arrow are naturally combined into one. Where there is a bow, there must be a target, which need not be emphasized. So the arrow gradually withdrew and gave way to the longbow, and finally stabilized into a longbow complex. A long bow means that this bow is more powerful than an ordinary bow.
Zhang Zi has many meanings. The New Chinese Dictionary has 2 1 meaning, and the general dictionary has more than ten meanings such as exaggeration, openness, strength, fullness, posting, reading, hope, expansion and arrangement. But most of them come from later generations, and the earliest dictionaries have few meanings. "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" said: "Zhang, bow string is also. From the bow, long sound. " Guangya Shi San: "Zhang," There is another meaning, which can be seen: "Luo takes birds and animals and says Zhang." He also said, "Zhang, set it up and set it as a machine trap to serve birds and animals."
Zhang also has a surname based on the name of his ancestors. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a man named Zhang Hou in the State of Jin, named Zhang Jie. Later, he took the word grandfather as his surname. Since then, the state of Jin has a surname of Zhang. In 403 BC, after Zhao, Han and Wei carved up the State of Jin, Zhang's population was also scattered in three vassal states.
Both of these statements explain the origin, reproduction and even the reason why it has become the third largest surname today. First, Zhang has a long history and is one of the earliest surnames in China, which is highly valued. In primitive clan society, hunting is an extremely important means for people to make a living, and the status and role of bows and arrows can be imagined. Moreover, at that time, a few tribes in Dongyi flourished all over the vast area between Shandong Peninsula, northern Jiangsu and Jianghuai. According to legend, Shang tribe is its direct descendant.
Second, the surname Zhang is widely distributed, and Jin has this surname. As the three clans divided into Jin, they spread all over Zhao, Han and Wei, that is, the vast areas of North China and Central Plains today.
There are still many people who have been given the surname Zhang; For example, in the Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Liang gave Longyou a title; Zhang Liao, the general of Cao Wei, was originally Nie, and later changed his surname to Zhang. Many non-Han people changed their surnames to Zhang. The Tejia family in Jin Dynasty took Zhang as their surname because they lived in Zhanghuangbao for generations. In the Yuan Dynasty, many Mongolians and Semu people changed their surnames to Han, and they often changed their surnames to Han, which also expanded Zhang's population.
According to records, during the Jin Dynasty, Zhang moved from the Central Plains to Fujian. During his tenure as a general, he was ordered to enter Fujian, accompanied by Zhang of the Central Plains Military Academy. After Wang Chao and Wang entered Fujian, people from Gushi, Henan, accompanied them to live in Meixi, Gutian, and were later named Liang Guogong. Zhang Fujian was roughly divided into Jianhu, Jin Po, Bangor and other schools according to its place of residence, and later moved to Guangdong. It is said that its ancestors came from Gushi, Gwangju, Henan. Since the early Qing Dynasty, Zhang people from Fujian and Guangdong have moved to Taiwan Province Province, and many people have gone abroad to make a living.
Zhang is mostly from the north, mainly from the Han nationality, but many people have merged into ethnic minorities in many great ethnic integrations. Zhang, who has emigrated overseas, is now mainly distributed in Singapore, Indonesia, Thailand, the Philippines, the United States, Britain, France, Australia, Panama and other countries and Hong Kong.
The Yellow Emperor is Zhang's recognized blood ancestor and the leader of the Chinese tribal alliance in the ancient legend era. He ruled the world with virtue, benevolence, faith, selecting talents and appointing talents, and severely punishing stubborn killers, creating a prosperous time of singing and dancing.
Wang Jun Tang Hao
Wang Jun 1
Qinghe County: The Han Dynasty was located in Qingyang (now southeast of Qinghe in Hebei Province). This Zhang family lives in Wucheng, and its ancestor is Hou's grandson Zhang Xin.
Fanyang County: In the Wei Dynasty of the Three Kingdoms, in the seventh year (AD 226), it was changed to a county, with jurisdiction (now Hebei). The ancestor of this Zhang family is Zhang Yu, the son of Sikong in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Taiyuan County: During the Warring States Period, it was located in Jinyang (now southwest of Taiyuan City). This branch of Zhang's family originated from General Pingdong of the Northern Wei Dynasty and Zhang Wei, the secretariat of Yingzhou.
Jingzhao County: The Han Dynasty was located in Chang 'an (now northwest of Xi City, Shaanxi Province). The ancestor of this branch of the Zhang family is Zhang Tang, an ancient physician in the Western Han Dynasty.
Dunhuang County: Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty separated from Jiuquan County and ruled Dunhuang County (now west of Dunhuang County, Gansu Province). Jurisdiction over the western end of Hexi Corridor.
Anding County: the county was established in the Western Han Dynasty, and the governing office was Gaoping (now Guyuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region). The Eastern Jin Dynasty moved its capital to settle down (now Jingchuan North, Gansu Province). This Zhang family is after Zhang Er, the king of Zhao in the Western Han Dynasty.
Xiangyang County: Xiangyang County was established in the Han Dynasty, and Xiangyang County was established in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Governance in Xiangyang (now Xiangfan City, Hubei Province). Later, Xiangyang was ruled by counties, prefectures, roads and governments. The ancestor of this Zhang family is Zhang Anzhi.
Luoyang county: Qin always set the county, and Eastern Wei set the county. Han and Wei dynasties are located on the north bank of Dongluoshui of Baima Temple in Luoyang. Sui and Tang Dynasties moved the capital to the west of Seoul.
Hedong County: Qin County is under the jurisdiction of Anyi (now the northwest of Xia County, Shanxi Province). To the east of the Yellow River, it is now Xiaxian County, Shanxi Province.
Shixing County: The Three Kingdoms Wu was separated from Guiyang County and was under the jurisdiction of Qujiang (now the south of Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province). Governance is equivalent to Lianjiang, Qujiang and Shaoguan in Guangdong Province today.
Fengyi County: Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty set Zuo Fengyi, and the Three Kingdoms changed from Wei to Fengyi County. Governance is in Linjin (now Dali, Shaanxi).
Wuxian: In the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Huiji County was established. Governance is located in Wuxian (now Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province). It governs the area south of the Yangtze River in today's Jiangsu Province.
Pingyuan County: Established in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, where it is governed (southwest of Pingyuan County). Governance is equivalent to Pingyuan County in the northwest of Shandong Province today.
Hejian County: It was originally the land of Zhao in the Warring States Period. Emperor Henkel set up a county. Governance is located in Lecheng (now southeast of xian county, Hebei Province). Governance is located in Hejian County, central Hebei Province.
Zhongshan County: During the Warring States Period, it was the country of Zhongshan, and the county was set up by Emperor Gao Han. Governance is located in Lunu (now Dingzhou, Hebei Province). Governance is equivalent to the northern part of Hebei Province today.
Weixian County: the first place of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. It is equivalent to the area between Weixian County, Hebei Province, Xunxian County, Henan Province and guanxian, Shandong Province. Governance is located in Ye County (now southwest of Linzhang County, Hebei Province).
Shu County: It was located in Qin during the Warring States Period and ruled in Chengdu (now Sichuan Province). Jurisdiction over the surrounding areas of Chengdu, Sichuan Province.
Wuwei County: Western Han Dynasty. It is equivalent to the area west of the Yellow River in Gansu and east of Wuwei. Governance in Wuwei (now northeast of Minqin County, Gansu Province).
Qianwei County: Established in the 6th year of Western Han Dynasty. Yizhou is located in the southwest of Yibin County, Sichuan Province. Governance is located in our county (now Zunyi City, Guizhou Province).
Pei Jun County: Emperor Wudi changed surabaya county to Pei Jun County and Guo Pei in the Eastern Han Dynasty. It is located in Xiangxiang County (now northwest of Suixi County, Anhui Province).
Liang Jun: It was founded by Emperor Gaozu and renamed in the Southern Song Dynasty. It is equivalent to the area from Shangqiu, Henan to Dangshan, Anhui. Governance in Suiyang (now Shangqiu South, Henan Province).
Jixian County: The Western Jin Dynasty was established for two years, and it was soon abolished. Governance is located in Jixian County (now southwest of Jixian County, Henan Province).
Hanoi county: Chuhan. It is equivalent to the area of Wuzhi County on the north bank of the Yellow River in Henan Province. Governance is located in Huai County (now southwest of Wuzhi County, Henan Province).
Gaoping County: In the first year of Taishi in the Western Jin Dynasty, the original Shanyang County was changed to Gaoping County, located in Juye County, Shandong Province. Governance is located in Changyi (now south of Juye County, Shandong Province).
Shanggu County: The State of Yan was established during the Warring States Period and was ruled by the Qin Dynasty (now southeast of Huailai, Hebei Province).
2. Hall number
Bairentang: Zhang Gongyi IX lived together in the Tang Dynasty, which had a great influence on the world at that time. Tang Gaozong went to his home and asked him to introduce his experience of living in harmony. Zhang Gong took a pen and wrote the word "forbearance" in 100, and gave it to Gao Zong. Emperor Gaozong appreciated it and rewarded Zhang Gong 100 foot of silk and satin.
In addition, Zhang's main hall names are Qinghe Hall, Jinjiantang, Xiaoyou Hall, Tang, guanyin temple, Tang, Dunmu Hall, Zongyue Hall, Jingyi Hall and Tang.
Zhang celebrity
Zhang Yi (former? ~309)
Ren Wei in the Warring States Period. King Hui of Qin lobbied the six countries with Lian Heng's strategy to make them betray the treaty and serve Qin. Hui Wang died, the six countries jointly promoted Qin, and the ministers slandered him, but he went to Qin for Wei Xiang and died a year later.
Sean (former? -Original 186)
Word ovary. Famous officials in the early Han Dynasty. Originally Han's son, Qin destroyed Han, and he wanted revenge. He made people attack the first emperor in Bolangsha, but failed, so he changed his name and surname and hid in Xiapi, where he was subjected to the Taigong Art of War. Later, I planned to establish the world for the high-impedance, seal Liu Hou, treat the situation well at night, and learn to avoid the valley. The death of wencheng.
Zhang Daoling (34 ~ 155)
The real founder of Taoism, whose real name is Ling, was born in the Eastern Han Dynasty (now northwest of Suxian County, Anhui Province). Scholars who want to confuse people with the charm of water must produce five buckets of rice, so the world calls it five buckets of rice. Also known as Zhang Tianshi.
Zhang Fei (? ~27 1)
"One Virtue" and "One Virtue" were born in Zhuo Jun County (now Zhuoxian County, Hebei Province) during the Three Kingdoms period. Don't worry about Guan Yu. Liu Bei is an enemy of ten thousand people. Official to ride a general, seal the marquis of Xixiang. Liu Bei attacked Wu, led the troops to meet him, and was killed by his men before sending troops. Huanshi.
Zhang Lihua
During the Southern Dynasties, the princess of Chen Houzhu was gorgeous, intelligent and had a good memory, and was often held in her lap by her late master, which was an important event of commercial and military power. When the country perished, it fell into the well with the dead, but Sui Jun caught it and cut it off. Later, it was enshrined as the October hibiscus god.
Zhang (1525 ~ 1582)
The word uncle is big, and the number is Taiyue. He was born in Jiangling, Ming Dynasty. Mu Zongshi entered the cabinet, and Shen Zongshi recorded it, with a solid reputation and clear rewards and punishments. The rectification of Ji Gang and the implementation of whipping lasted for ten years, which was called family rule. A pawn is Wen Zhong. He is the author of "Taiyue Collection" and "The Emperor's Illustration".
Zhangqian (? ~ before 1 14)
Wen Zi was born in Chenggu (now Chenggu County, Shaanxi Province) in the Western Han Dynasty. When Liang Wudi was a military attache, he paid homage to the corps commander, sent ambassadors to Wusun, and sent envoys to Dawan, Kangju and Daxia. Since then, the communication between the northwest countries and the Han Dynasty enabled the Han Dynasty to communicate with Central Asia, opened up two routes to the western regions, and introduced excellent horse breeds, grapes and alfalfa.
Xu Zhang
Word, Wu (now Suzhou, Jiangsu) in the Tang Dynasty, the year of birth and death is unknown. He is a famous calligrapher, especially in cursive script, and is known as the sage of grass. His calligraphy has a strange escape, continuous entanglement and a new style. There are Li Bai's poems and Pei Min's sword dance. According to legend, he was drunk and often ran away shouting, so he wrote. Sometimes books are written in ink, so they are called Zhangdian and Bookstore.
Zhang Shicheng (132 1 ~ 1367)
Jiu Si, the dutiful son, was born in Taizhou (now Taixian County, Jiangsu Province) in Yuan Dynasty. One of the heroes at the end of Yuan Dynasty. Ben is engaged in the transportation of salt. Later, according to Wuzhong, he claimed to be the king of Wu. Later, he was captured by Ming generals Xu Da and Chang Yuchun and committed suicide.
zhang sanfeng
The year of birth and death is unknown. Tai Ji Chuan, created by Wudang Taoist in Song Dynasty, was famous at that time, and its method was passed down to later generations, called Neijia Boxing, also known as Wu Tangzong. Or Zhang Sanfeng. (2) Quan Ming, Jun Bao, was born in Yizhou, Liaodong, Ming Dynasty (now Heishan County), with an unknown date of birth and death. Because of its untidiness, it is also called Zhang untidiness. The history books say that he didn't go hungry for months, but he knew before that it was impossible for Taizu and Chengzu to ask for it. Yingzong gave it to Tongwei and became a real person.
Zhang (1875 ~ 1928)
The word rain pavilion, Fengtian Haicheng people. In the Republic of China, the official governor of the three northeastern provinces mastered the military and political power of the three northeastern provinces and was the leader of the Feng Department. Two direct wars, losing first and winning later. In the Republic of China 16, he was called the Grand Marshal and set up a government in Beijing. In seventeen years, the National Revolutionary Army went to Hebei, suffered a military defeat and returned to the customs. Until Huanggutun was wounded by the Japanese army, he died after several injuries.
Clan characteristics
1, with an early surname and a long history.
2. Zhang's clan is prosperous, and the characters in each county are arranged in an orderly manner. During the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, Zhang's genealogy was selected, and there was a word in Huangxian County, Shandong Province: "The foundation can last for a long time, the fame can be high, the ambition is to celebrate, and Xi Yongchao." Publishing and revising Zhang's genealogy, there is a word called Zhang in Runcheng, Jiangsu Province: "I am fond of using allusions, and I have a long history, and I am happy with Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism." According to Zhang's genealogy compiled by Zhang Mianxi in 1935, a sentence by Zhang in Guilin, Guangxi, said: "The country is grateful for increasing its mind, elegant appearance and profound accumulation."