The best number one scholar in China's past dynasties
1. The first number one scholar in Chinese history was Sun Fuga, who was the number one scholar in Renwu Branch in the fifth year of Wude in Tang Dynasty.
2. Among the top picks in the past dynasties, the most revered national hero by later generations is Wen Tianxiang, the top pick of Bingchenke in the fourth year of Baoyou in the Southern Song Dynasty (1256). With his lofty patriotism and national integrity, he is known as "the number one among the number one scholars".
3. Among the number one scholars in the past dynasties, the one who had a significant influence and role on China's political situation was Weng Tonghe, the number one scholar in Bingchenke in the sixth year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (1856). He was the emperor's teacher twice in his life, and he was the leader of the imperial party in the struggle between the late Qing emperor and the later two parties. After the Sino-Japanese War of Sino-Japanese War, he actively supported Kang Youwei's reform proposals and secretly recommended him to Emperor Guangxu, which ultimately promoted the "1898 Reform" and brought about major changes in the political situation at that time.
4. Among the number one scholars in the past dynasties, the only one who became the emperor from the number one scholar was Li Zunxu, the number one scholar in Guihai Branch in the 10th year of Qing Dynasty in the Western Xia Dynasty (1203). He was the son of Li Yanzong, the king of Qi in the Xia clan. He took part in the Xixia imperial examination in the 10th year of Tianqing (1203) and won the first place in the imperial examination and became the number one scholar. He was granted the title of King of Qi and promoted to the Governor of the Palace. Later, in the second year of Emperor Jian's reign of Xixia (1211), he launched a palace coup, deposed Xia Xiangzong and established himself as emperor, named Xia Shenzong.
6. Among the number one scholars in the past dynasties, the earliest number one scholar to win the "Three Yuans" in the imperial examination was Cui Yuanhan, the number one scholar in Xinyou Branch in the second year of Jianzhong of Tang Dynasty (781). He successively passed the examinations of Jingzhaofu Jie Tou (Xie Yuan), Jin Shi Zhuang Tou (Zhuang Yuan), Bo Xue Hong Ci Ke Tuo, and Zhi Ke Tuo Third.
7. Among the number one scholars in the past dynasties, the only person who rose to the position of prime minister from the number one scholar in martial arts was Guo Ziyi, a high-ranking scholar in martial arts in the early years of Kaiyuan in the Tang Dynasty. He served in the four dynasties of Xuanzong, Suzong, Daizong and Dezong throughout his life, and served as prime minister twice. At the same time, he is also the one with the most outstanding military achievements among the top martial arts champions in the past dynasties.
8. In the imperial examinations of the past dynasties, the Northern Song Dynasty had the largest number of people who passed the "Three Yuan" exams, including Sun He, Wang Zeng, Song Xiang (xiáng, that is, Song Jiao), Yang Chi (zhì , the same as 'Zhi'), Feng Jing, Wang Yansou and other 6 people.
9. Among the number one champions in the past dynasties, the Ming Dynasty had the largest number of officials to prime ministers (including official positions equivalent to prime ministers, such as chief assistant of the cabinet, bachelor, etc.), including Hu Guang, Shang Ren, etc. 17 people.
10. Among the top scholars in the past dynasties, the one with the highest achievements in poetry and painting was Wang Wei, the top scholar of Xinweike in the 19th year of Kaiyuan of Tang Dynasty (731). He is one of the outstanding representatives of the pastoral poetry school in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. His poetry art is considered to be "the first since Li (Bai) and Du (Fu)." His paintings are regarded as the "ancestor of Southern painting", and ancient literati paintings also began with him.
11. Among the number one scholars in the past dynasties, the one with the highest achievement in ci writing was Zhang Xiaoxiang, the number one scholar in Jiaxu Branch in the 24th year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1154). His poems follow the example of Su Shi, with a majestic spirit and profound patriotism. Together with Zhang Yuanqian, he is considered one of the greatest poets in the early Southern Song Dynasty. He is the forerunner of the great patriotic poet Xin Qiji.
12. Among the number one scholars in the past dynasties, the one with the highest achievement in calligraphy was Liu Gongquan, the number one scholar in Wuzi Branch in the third year of Tang Yuanhe (808). He was proficient in regular script and cursive script. Together with Yan Zhenqing, another great calligrapher of the Tang Dynasty, he was also known as "Yan Liu". Historically, he, Ouyang Xun, Yan Zhenqing of the Tang Dynasty, and Zhao Mengfu of the Yuan Dynasty were also called the "Four Masters of Regular Script" in my country. ".
13. Among the number one scholars in the past dynasties, the one with the highest historical achievements was Wang Pu, the number one scholar in Jiyou Branch in the second year of Qianyou of the Later Han Dynasty (949) during the Five Dynasties. On the basis of the Huiyao style originally created by Su Mian in the Tang Dynasty, he compiled the "Huiyao" of the Nine Dynasties of the Tang Dynasty compiled by Su Mian and the continued revisions by Yang Shaofu and others, and compiled it into one hundred volumes of "Tang Huiyao". Later, thirty volumes of "Meetings of the Five Dynasties" were compiled based on the actual records of the Five Dynasties. Not only is the historical data rich and detailed, but it also formally established a system and method for classifying and compiling conferences, which was imitated by later generations. This contribution was called "extremely great" by "Siku Synopsis".
14. Among the number one scholars in the past dynasties, the one who wrote the most is Yang Shen, the number one scholar of Xinweike in the sixth year of Zhengde in the Ming Dynasty (1511). He is not only skilled in poetry, but also capable of writing, lyrics and music. He also attaches great importance to folk literature and is an accomplished litterateur and famous scholar. He wrote more than 400 kinds of works in his life. Although most of them are lost, more than 100 kinds still exist. There are about 2,300 existing poems. The richness of his writings ranked him first in the Ming Dynasty.
15. Among the number one scholars in the past dynasties, the one with the highest achievement in botany was Wu Qijun (jùn, same as ‘jun’), the number one scholar in Dingchou family in the 20th year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty (1817).
He served as governor of many provinces throughout his life, paying attention to the relationship between fertility and people's livelihood in various places. Based on what he heard and saw, he drew pictures and compiled the relevant plant literature in ancient books into twenty-two volumes of "Plant Names and Facts Illustrated Examination Changbian" and "Plant Facts and Facts". The thirty-eight volumes of "An Illustrated Study of Plant Names and Facts" is an important botanical monograph in my country in the 19th century.
16. Among the number one scholars in the past dynasties, the most famous thinker is Chen Liang, the number one scholar in Guichou Branch in the fourth year of Shaoxi in the Southern Song Dynasty (1193). He advocated the "study of meritorious service" that focused on career utilitarianism and supplemented the national economy and people's livelihood. He put forward the proposition that "what fills the universe is nothing but things, and what is used in daily life is nothing but things", and had many debates with Zhu Xi on the relationship between justice, interests and kingship. His theory is unique and he is the founder of Yongkang School. He is also a famous litterateur.
17. Among the top scholars in the past dynasties, the one who was most fond of drinking tea and contributed to the study of tea ceremony in my country was Zhang Youxin, the top scholar of Jiawu Branch in the 9th year of Yuanhe in the Tang Dynasty (814). The volume "Jiancha Shuiji" written by him comments on the advantages and disadvantages of various spring water sencha. It is another important tea ceremony research work in my country after Lu Yu's "Tea Classic".
18. Among the champions of the past dynasties, the only diplomatic envoy who has ever been to Eastern European countries was Hong Jun, the champion of Wuchenke in the seventh year of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1868). In the thirteenth year of Guangxu's reign (1887), he was ordered to serve as a diplomatic envoy to Russia, Germany, the Netherlands, and Austria, and served as a diplomatic envoy for three years. He used Western materials to write "The Translation Evidence and Supplement of the History of the Yuan Dynasty", which ushered in a new era of using Western works and materials to study the history of the Yuan Dynasty.
19. Among the number one scholars in the past dynasties, the only one who has been recruited as the emperor's consort according to the evidence is Zheng Hao, the number one scholar in Renxu Branch in the second year of Huichang of Tang Dynasty (842). Seven years after he won the first prize, that is, in the third year of Dazhong (849), he was recommended by Prime Minister Bai Minzhong as a candidate for his consort to Princess Wanshou, the daughter of Tang Xuanzong and Shang Xuanzong.
20. Among the top picks in the past dynasties, the only one who was ordered to be executed by the emperor just after he reached the top was Chen An, the top pick on the Dingchou Kenanbang (or Chunbang) in the 30th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1397). Because the subjects admitted in the imperial examination were all southern scholars, they were dissatisfied by the northern scholars. Zhu Yuanzhang, the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty, suspected that the admission was private and was so furious that he ordered the examiner, Chen An and others to be executed.
21. The only female number one scholar in Chinese history was Fu Shanxiang, the number one scholar in female subjects in the third year of Guichou in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom (1853, the third year of Xianfeng reign in the Qing Dynasty).
22. The first person in Chinese history to take part in the imperial examination with a minority language and win the first prize was the first scholar in the Guisi Jurchen Jinshi Branch (also known as the policy theory Jinshi) in the 13th year of Emperor Shizong’s reign (1173). Tu Shanyi is a member of the Jurchen tribe. He took the imperial examination in Jurchen script.
23. The last number one scholar in Chinese history was Liu Chunlin, the number one scholar in Jiachenke in the 30th year of Guangxu’s reign in the Qing Dynasty (1904). In the following year, the 31st year of Guangxu's reign (1905), the Empress Dowager Cixi issued an edict to stop the imperial examination, and he became the last number one scholar in Chinese history.
24. The Tang Dynasty had the largest number of champions in history. From the Renwu Branch in the fifth year of Emperor Wude (622) to the Dingmao Branch in the fourth year of Emperor Ai (907), during the 285 years, the imperial examination was held almost every year, and about 270 champions were produced. There are more than 140 people named in ancient books such as "Deng Ke Ji Kao" and "Yuzhitang Tan Hui".
25. In Chinese history, the same region took the top three places in an imperial examination in the second year of Jianwen of the Ming Dynasty. Hu Guang, Wang Gen and Li Guan from Ji'an Prefecture in Jiangxi Province took the first place. The top three picks, the second pick, and the third overall pick. In the second year of Yongle, an even more jaw-dropping imperial examination miracle occurred: the same talented people from Ji'an Prefecture in Jiangxi Province took the top seven places in the imperial examination!
26. In Chinese history, the province that produced the largest number of champions in one dynasty was Jiangsu Province in the Qing Dynasty. From the fourth year of Shunzhi (1647), when Dinghai Kewu was admitted as the number one scholar, Lu Gong, to the 20th year of Guangxu (1894), when Jiawu Ke Nantong was admitted as the number one scholar, Zhang Jian, in 247 years, the country produced 49 number one scholars.
Note: There should be 43 authentic Jiangsu champions in the Qing Dynasty. The reason why there are 49 people is that strictly speaking, Dai Youqi (the number one scholar in the 30th year of Kangxi), Wang Jingming (the number one scholar in the 52nd year of Kangxi), Qin Dacheng (the number one scholar in the 28th year of Qianlong), and Xu Xi (the number one scholar in the first year of Tongzhi) should belong to He was from Shanghai, and Shanghai belonged to Jiangsu at that time; Wu Xinzhong (the number one scholar in the 13th year of Jiaqing) and Huang Siyong (the number one scholar in the 6th year of Guangxu) were originally from Xiuning, Anhui, and were registered in Jiangsu.
Even excluding these 4 people, the 43 people in Jiangsu are still far ahead of the second place of 19 people in Zhejiang (18 people if those living abroad are not included).
27. In Chinese history, the prefecture with the largest number of champions in one dynasty was Suzhou Prefecture in the Qing Dynasty, with 24 champions.
28. In Chinese history, the county that produced the largest number of champions in a relatively short period of time was Yongfu County (now Yongtai, Fujian) during the Southern Song Dynasty. From the Bingxu branch in the second year of Qiandao (1166) to the Chenke in the eighth year of Qiandao (1172), three top scholars, Xiao Guoliang, Zheng Qiao and Huang Ding, were produced in succession in seven years.
29. The Tang Dynasty was the dynasty with the largest number of brothers who produced the number one scholar in history. There were 19 brothers such as Zhang Shi (brother) and Zhang Zhengfu (brother).
30. The dynasty that produced the largest number of father-son champions in history was the Northern Song Dynasty. There were 6 father-son champions including Zhang Quhua (father) and Zhang Shide (son).
31. Among the brothers in the past, the shortest time between them was Kong Xunxun (brother) who was the number one scholar in Guisi Branch in the 14th year of Xiantong in Tang Dynasty (873) and Qianfu in Tang Dynasty in 3rd year (876). Bingshenke champion (brother) Kong Yan. The time when the two brothers won the first prize was only three years apart.
32. Among the fathers and sons of the past dynasties, the shortest time difference between them was the second year of Kaibao in the Northern Song Dynasty (969), Ande Yu (father) who was already the number one scholar, and the fifth year of Kaibao in the Northern Song Dynasty (972). Year) An Shouliang (son), the number one scholar in Renshenke. The time when father and son won the top prize was only three years apart.
32. Among the number one scholars in the past dynasties, the first one to start engaging in industrial activities and achieve great achievements was Zhang Jian, the number one scholar in the Sino-Japanese War of the Sino-Japanese War of 1894. He engaged in industrial activities in the year following his death (1895) and successively established dozens of enterprises and a large number of social undertakings. His influence spread throughout the country and he was known as "China's great educator and great industrialist".
33. Among the top scholars in martial arts in the past dynasties, the only one who took the exams in two subjects and passed the top prize first and then the top prize was Ma Quan, the top scholar in martial arts in Gengchen in the 25th year of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty (1760). Ma Quan's first name was Ma Wangquan. In the seventeenth year of Qianlong's reign (1752), he took part in the martial arts Jinshi examination and won the first, third and third place (Tanhua) in the palace examination. Later, he was stripped of his official position due to conflicts with colleagues during his tenure. In order to wash away the shame, he changed his name to Quan, determined to win the honor again, and finally won the imperial examination in the 25th year of Qianlong's reign (1760).
34. Among the top scholars in the past dynasties, the youngest champions are Su Gui, who ascended the throne in the seventh year of Emperor Yonghui's reign (656), and Guo Yuanzhen, who ascended the throne in the fourth year of Xianheng (673), both of whom were 18 years old.
35. Among the number one scholars in the past dynasties, the oldest number one scholar recorded in history is Yin Shu in the Tang Dynasty. He took the exam until he was more than 70 years old, and then he recommended himself by chance and became the number one scholar. During the Jiaqing period, Wang Yan, a native of Hangzhou, passed the imperial examination at the age of 80, but died before the palace examination. Otherwise, he might have broken Yin Shu's record.
36. The only time in history that both the civil and military champions in the same year came from the same place. It happened in the ninth year of Xining in the Northern Song Dynasty (1076), when Xu Duo and Xu Duo of Xinghua Army on Fujian Road (now Putian City) Xue Yi was the top civil and military scholar in high school respectively. When Shenzong of the Song Dynasty learned that Dakui, the top civil and military scholar in the world, was from the same hometown, he couldn't help but feel delighted and wrote a poem to express his gratitude. The poem said: "One side is the leader in civil and military affairs in the world, and heroes from all over the world are among them."
37. Among the number one scholars in the past dynasties, the one with the highest status today is undoubtedly Chen Wenlong (a native of Putian, Fujian) who was the number one scholar in the Wuchen family in the fourth year of Xianchun, Du Zong of the Song Dynasty (1268). In the sixth year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1409), he was granted the imperial title Chen Wenlong was the "Shang Shu of the Ministry of Water"; in the 46th year of the Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty (1782), the emperor named Chen Wenlong the King of Zhenhai, and he was the god of Fuzhou City Temple.
38. Among the number one scholars in the past, the first and only one who was deposed because of his poems and poems was Xu Yin from Putian, who was the number one scholar in the first year of Kaiping of Liang Dynasty (907 AD). Because Liang Taizu pointed out that his " The sentence "One emperor and five emperors will not return unless they die" in the "Fu on the Geometry of Life" asked Xu Yin to rewrite it. Xu Yin replied, "I have no official position, and the Fu cannot be changed." Liang Taizu angrily cut off his name.
39. The only time in the history of the imperial examination that the "four different subjects" were in the same subject was in the eighth year of Shaoxing (1138). Huang Gongdu (1109-1156) from Putian ranked first in the imperial examination and became the top scholar (number one scholar); Chen Junqing ( 1113-1186) the second was Ya Kui (second on the list); Lin Deng was seventy-three years old and was the leader; Gong Maoliang (1121-1178) was eighteen years old and was the youngest.
At that time, they were called "Four Differents" from the same family. In addition, Huang Gongdu and Chen Junqing are also known as the "Double Standards of Kui Yazhan".
List of Number One Scholars in China
List of Number One Scholars (Jinshi) in Sui Dynasty
Zhang Sun’s grandson, Fujiahou Junsu, Yang Zuan, Fang Xuanling, Wen Yanbo, Huang Fenglin
Tang Dynasty Number One Scholar
Sun Fujia, Chen Boyu, Du Wan, Li Ju, Yang attacked Ji Changgun, Li Bo, Yang Ning, Zhang Zhengfu, Chen Xi, Ban Su, Li Gu Xing, Wei Chen, Pei Qiu, Li Yu, Li Congshi, Di Shensi, Mo Xuan Qing Liu Meng Zhao Jun Xu You Sun Gui An Yang Shaosu Cui Zhan Cui Ye Song Shoujie Yao Zhongyu Yan Di Jia Zhi Yang Hu Lu Geng Wang Xun Crown Prince Niu Xishu Li Cheng Xu Hui Li Guyan Lu Chu Li He Chen Kuan Cui Xian Gu Biao Yu Xiang Pei Yan Lu Guiren Shao Zheng, He Jing, Lu Ke, Cui Jiao, Lu Wenhuan, Li Chao, Gong Si, Chu Chang, unknown Li Yi, Cui Shu, Yang Yu, Hong Yuan, Zhang Shi, Wei Hong, Jian Lu, Zheng Juyuan, Wu Yi, Huang Yinji, Bai Min, Zhong Wei, Zheng Que, Zheng Hao, Lu Shenyan, Xue Mai, Li Jun, Kong Yan, Zheng Yiju, Su Jianpei. Ge Zhao Meng Zheng Yi Li Ang Yu Xian Wang Yue Li Juqing Yang Qiwu Yang Ping Cui Yuanhan Yin Shu Li Sui Wang Yuanzhong Zhang Youxin Zheng Guan Song Dynasty Li Gong Lu Zhaoyu Gui Cui Chuan Sun Longguang Zheng Changtu Sun Xie Li Han Zhao Guanwen returned to Yi Yang Zhongchang Xu Qi Fan Chongkai Wang Zhengqing Liu Dan Yang Xuan, Xiao Yu, Ding Ze, Xue Zhan, Jia Leng, Meng Shen, Liu Gongquan, Zheng Fu, Li Qun, Du Zhi, Pei Siqian, Zheng Yan, Zhang Wenqi, Li Yi, Han Gun, Kong Hui, Zheng Ai, Yang Zanyu, Cui Er, who belonged to Wu Shidao, Wang Wei, Xu Zheng, Zhao Yue, Yang Hong, Qi Yingli, Zheng Quanjiyuan. On Chen Quan, Wei Guan, Dugu Zhangliu Jing, Li Gui, Cui Yi, Li Gao, Kong Wei, Zheng Hongye, Gui Renze, Cui Zhaowei, Cui Zhaoju, Yang Zantu, Pei Shuo
List of Number One Scholars in the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
Cui Miao, Chen Ti, Cui Guangbiao Wang Che, Wang Guipu, Huang Renying, Xu Yin, Guo Jun, Wang Pu Huzai, Brief Wen Hui, Liang Song, Wang Kezhen, Wu Qiao, Lu Hua, Kou Xiang, Wang Pule, History, Qiu Xu, Zhang Quefei, Huang Shang, Wang Chonggu, Lu Ying, Yang Sui, Deng Ji
List of Number One Scholars in the Song Dynasty
Yang Li, Zhang Qu, Hua Ma Shi, Su Dexiang, Li Jingyang, Liu Cha, Li Su, Liu Mengsou, Chai Chengwu, Ande Yu, Zhang Gong, Liu Yin'an Shouliang, King Zhun of the Song Dynasty, Sizong Lu Mengzheng, Hu Dan, Su Yijian, Wang Shize, Liang Hao, Cheng Su, Chen Yaosu's grandson, He's grandson, only his grandson and Chen Yaozi, Wang Zeng Li Di, Yao Ye, Liang Gu, Zhang Shide, Xu Shi, Zhang Guan, Cai Qi Wang Zheng, Song Xiang, Xu Duo, Wang Yaochen, Wang Gongchen, Zhang Tangqing, Lu Qin, Yang Guo, Jia An, Feng Jing, Zheng Xie, Zhangheng, Liu Hui, Wang Junmin, Xu Jiang. Peng Ruli, Xu Anshi, Ye Zu, Qiaozhong, Xu Duo, Shi Yan, Huang Shang, Jiao Dan, Li Changning, Ma Juan Bi Jian, He Changyan, Li Fu, Huo Duanyou, Cao Cao, Jia An's house, Mo Huan, Wang Ang, He Huan, Shen Hui, Li Yi, Zhang Jiucheng, Wang Yingchen, Huang Gongdu, Chen Chengzhi, Liu Zhang, Wang Zuo, Zhao Kui and Zhang Xiaoxiang. Wang Shipeng, Liang Ke, family wood, waiting to be asked, Xiao Guoliang, Zheng Qiao, Huang Ding, Zhan Zhan, Yao Ying, Huang Yu, Wei Jing, Wang Rong Yufu, Chen Liang, Zou Conglong, Zeng Cong, Fu Xingjian, Mao Zhizhi, Zheng Xingzhi, Zhao Jianfu, Yuan Fu, Wu Qian, Liu Wei, Jiang Chongzhen, Wang Huilong, Huang Pu, Xu Yuanjie, Wu Shusuo, Zhou Tan, Xu Yanfu, Liu Mengyan, Zhang Yuan, Wei Fengchen, Yao Mian Wen Tianxiang Zhou Zhenyan Fang Shanjing Ruan Dengbing Chen Wenlong Zhang Zhen Sun Wang Longze
Liao Dynasty Number One Scholar
Hold high Zheng Yuncong Shi Yongzhong Wang Xizai Lu Demao Wang Yongji Zhang Jian Chen Ding Yang Youxuanchu Xinan Underwriting Xing Xiang Li Kefeng Yang Ji Shi Kezhong Liu Eryi Gao Chengyan A brief history of Yu Maozhao Zhang Yongxing Sun Jie Zhang Kegong Zhang Zhongju Zhang Jian Li Jiong Zhang Yu Zhang You Zhang Renji Liu Zhen Liu Shizhen Feng Li Xing Pengnian Wang Shi Wang Tang Zhang Xiaojie Liang Yuan Wang Ding Zhang Zhen Zhao Tingmu Liu Xiao Liu Guan Li Junyu Zhang Hub Wen Chong Guan Zun Wen Chen Hengfu Kang Bingjian Ma Gong returned to Li
Shi Liuzhen, Han Fang, Wang Hui, Li Baoxin, Li Qiubian Guandao
Rank of Number One Scholars of Xixia
Li Zunxu
List of Number One Scholars of Jin Dynasty
Liu Psu Xu Must Hu Li, Zhao Dong, Shi Ju, Lu Zhonghan, Yang Jianzhong, Wang Yanqian, Chang Darong, Zheng Zidan, Ren Zhongjie, Meng Zongxian, Shan Yi, Zhang Xingjian, Wang Zesun, Yongkang, Yang Yunyi, Zhang Lao, Nalan Hulu, Li Junmin, Li Yan, Zhang Ben, Li Xianeng, Ole, Ye De, Fu Zhuli, Chahan, King Elua. Li Tang, Zhao Chengyuan, Zheng Shichang, Wu Mingfu, Zhao Anshi, Zhao Anrong, Liu Hai, Li An, Zhang Jizu, Liu Wenlong, Yuan Kan, Liu Zhongyuan
Ranking of Number One Scholars in the Yuan Dynasty
Hudu Daer, Hudu Daer, Pu Yan, not beautiful, Huo Xixian, Tai Buhua Lin Ji, Sun, Song Benba, Zhang Yi, Achachi, Li Fu, Lin Hengdu, Wang Wenye and Li Qi paid homage to Chen Zuren, Zhang Qiyan, Zhang Shijian, Aruhui, Timur, Wang Zongzhe, Duolie, Picture, Wenzhong, Xue Chao met with Niu Jizhi, he conquered, Wang Zongsi bought Wei Yuanli's baby Yang Miao, Zhang Dong, He De, Puhua
List of Number One Scholars in the Ming Dynasty (in order of merit)
Wu Bozong, Ding Xian, Hengtai, Huang Guan, Zhang Xin, Chen Anquan, Han Kezhong, Hu Guangzeng, Lin Huan, Xiao Shizhong
p>Ma Duo Chen Xun Li Qi Zeng Heling Qian Fu, Mao Cheng, Zhu Xi, Zhou Lun, Wenxu, Kanghai, Gu Dingchen, Lu Nan, Yang Shen, Tang Gao, Shufen, Yang Weicong, Yao Lai, Gong Yongqing, Luo Hongxian, Lin Daqin, Han Yinglong, Mao Zan, Shen Kun, Qin Minglei, Li Chunfang, Tang Ruji, Chen Jin, Zhu Dashou, Ding Shimei, Shen Shixian, Yingqi, Luo Wanhua, Zhang Yuan, Sun Jigao, Shen Maoxue, Zhang Maoxiu, Zhu Guozuo, Tang literature. Jiao Hong, Weng Zhengchun, Zhu Zhifan, Zhao Bingzhong, Zhang Yicheng, Yang Shouqin, Huang Shijun, Han Jing, Zhou Yanru, Qian Shisheng, Zhuang Jichang, Wen Zhen, Meng Yuhuang, Liu Ruozai, Chen Yutai, Liu Lishun, Liu Tongsheng, Wei Zaode, Yang Tingjian
Daxi Kingdom, Ming Dynasty At the end, Li Zicheng and Zhang Xianzhong launched a peasant uprising to overthrow the Ming Dynasty. In the seventeenth year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (1644), the Ming Dynasty fell. In the same year, Zhang Xianzhong established the "Daxi Kingdom" regime in Chengdu, with the reign name Dashun. The Daxi Imperial Examination has two subjects: liberal arts and martial arts. Only Gong Jimin, the number one scholar in literature, and Zhang Dashou, the number one scholar in martial arts, remain. Other circumstances are unknown.
The list of number one scholar in the Qing Dynasty (in order of first and last, the numbers in brackets are the year of the first AD)
Fu Yijian (1646) Lu Gong (1647) Liu Zizhuang (1649) Zou Zhongyi (1652) Maleji (1652) Shi Dacheng (1655)
Turchen (1655) Sun Chengen (1658) Xu Yuanwen (1659) Ma Shijun (1611) Yan Wosi (1664) Miao Tong (1667)
Cai Qizun (1670) Han Shu (1673) Peng Dingqiu (1676) Gui Yunsu (1679) Cai Shengyuan (1682) Lu Kentang (1685)
Shen Tingwen (1688) Dai Youqi (1691) Hu Renyu (1694) Li Pan (1697) Wang Yi (1700) Wang Shidan (1703)
Wang Yunjin (1706) Zhao Xiongzhao (1709) Wang Shichen (1712) Wang Jingming (1713) Xu Taozhang (1715) Wang Yingquan (1718)
Deng Zhongyue (1721) Yu Zhen (1723) Chen Dehua (1724) Peng Qifeng (1727) Zhou Shu (1730) Chen Tan (1733)
Jin Deying (1736) Yu Minzhong (1737) Zhuang Yougong (1739) Jin Ye (1742) Qian Weicheng (1745) Liang Guozhi (1748)
Wu Hong (1751) Qin Master (1752) Zhuang Peiyin (1754) ) Cai Yitai (1757) Bi Yuan (1760)
Wang Jie (1761) Qin Dacheng (1763) Zhang Shuxun (1766) Chen Chuzhe (1769) Huang Xuan (1771)
Gold List (1772) Wu Xiling (1775) Dai Quheng (1778) Wang Ruyang (1780) Qian Qi (1781)
Ru Fen (1784) Shi Zhiguang (1787) Hu Changling (1789) Shi Yunyu (1790) Pan Shien (1793)
p>Wang Yititle (1795) Zhao Wenkai (1796) Yao Wentian (1799) Gu Gao (1801) Wu Tingchen (1802)
Peng Jun (1805) Wu Xinzhong (1808) Hong Ying (1809) Jiang Liyong ( 1811) Long Ruyan (1814)
Wu Qijun (1817) Chen Hang (1819) Chen Jichang (1820) Dai Lanfen (1822) Lin Zhaotang (1823)
Zhu Changyi (1826) Li Zhenjun (1829) ) Wu Zhongjun (1832) Wang Mingxiang (1833) Liu Yi (1835)
Lin Hongnian (1836) Niu Fubao (1838) Li Chenglin (1840) Long Qirui (1841) Sun Yuxi (1844)
< p>Xiao Jinzhong (1845) Zhang Zhiwan (1847) Lu Zengxiang (1850) Zhang Jun (1852) Sun Ruzhan (1853)Weng Tonghe (1856) Sun Jianai (1859) Zhong Junsheng (1860) Xu Xi (1862) ) Weng Zengyuan (1863)
Chongqi (1865) Hong Jun (1868) Liang Yaoshu (1871) Lu Runxiang (1874) Cao Hongxun (1876)
Wang Renkan (1877) Huang Siyong ( 1880) Chen Mian (1883) Zhao Yijong (1886) Zhang Jianxun (1889)
Wu Lu (1890) Liu Fuyao (1892) Zhang Jian (1894) Luo Chengxiang (1895) Xia Tonghe (1898)
Wang Shoupeng (1903) Liu Chunlin (1904)
Ranking of the top picks of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom
Wu Lixun, Fu Shanxiang, Yang Chaofu, Wu Rongkuan, Liu Minzhong, Zhu Shijie, Qiao Yancai, Ye Chunyuan, Liu Shengpei, Fan Puyuan, Shen Ruanyuan, Wu Zhenkun, Wang Shunxiang, Lu Peiying, Chief Xu
In ancient times, it was not easy to get the top prize. It had to go through five stages: childhood examination, college examination, provincial examination, general examination, and palace examination. Palace examinations are usually presided over by ministers appointed by the emperor. The first place will be the top pick, the second place will be the second place, and the third place will be the top pick; those who pass the exam will all be Jinshi. Once the top pick in high school, wearing red and colorful clothes, beating drums and gold, riding horses and parading through the streets, it can be said that he smokes and smokes - shouting in front and rushing back, so majestic. An old couplet vividly depicts the situation before and after the number one scholar:
In the old years, there was famine and no one to rely on for firewood or rice.
Walking out of the crossroads, you can't get credit or borrow money. Many relatives and relatives stand by and watch, no one helps in times of need;
I am lucky, but I have hope for wealth and wealth. Winning the first place in the Five Classics, one's surname and name are both celebrated. Whether Zhang San Li Si or Li Si, they all come to celebrate, it is the icing on the cake.
What’s more, the number one scholar was recruited by the emperor to be his consort, and his worth was a hundred times higher. He could not honor his ancestors, and could not enjoy all the glory and wealth. It is much more impressive than the current "style", "wrist" and "star"!
In the founding dynasty, most of the top candidates in the examination were based on "eight-legged essay". According to historical records: 503 people obtained the number one scholar in the Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties; if the Liao and Jin dynasties, Zhang Xianzhong's Dashun court and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom are added to the total of 48 people, then the number of number one scholars in all dynasties of China* **There are 551 champions (excluding Wu champions and female champions). According to historical records: the first number one scholar in Chinese history was Sun Fujia, the number one scholar in Renwu Branch in the fifth year of Emperor Wude of the Tang Dynasty (622); the last number one scholar in the imperial examination was Liu Chunlin, the number one scholar in Jiachen Branch in the 30th year of Guangxu reign of the Qing Dynasty (1904); the youngest number one scholar was Su Gui, who ascended the throne in the seventh year of Yonghui's reign under Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, and Guo Yuanzhen, who ascended the throne in the fourth year of Xianheng's reign, were both under 18 years old; the oldest number one scholar in the Tang Dynasty was Yin Shu, who took the exam dozens of times in his life and did not succeed until he was over seventy years old. I won the first prize in the self-recommendation exam and fulfilled my long-cherished wish of "getting a title on the gold list"!
2. Female champions
There was a female emperor Wu Zetian in Chinese history, but there were almost no female champions. There are many female champions in the legend: During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the female writer Chen Ruisheng wrote a long ballad "Rebirth". In the poem, the heroine Meng Lijun disguised herself as a man and won the champion. Later she became the prime minister and finally married her lost fiancé Huangfu. Menghua met and got married; the "Female No. 1 Scholar" in the Ming Dynasty "Four-Voice Monkey" drama tells the story of a girl named Huang Chuntao who disguised herself as a man and won the No. 1 exam... Of course, these "Mulan"-style female No. 1 Scholars are all Characters portrayed in literary and artistic works; the first person in history who was called the "Female Number One Scholar" and was widely circulated was Huang Chonggu, a native of Linqiong (now Qionglai City, Sichuan Province).
According to "Yuxi Chronicles" and "Spring and Autumn of the Ten Kingdoms": During the period when Jian and his son were emperors of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kings, a female poet named Huang Chonggu came out of Linqiong in the Shu Kingdom. She lost her parents in childhood, but she was very talented. In order to go out more conveniently, she disguised herself as a man since she was a child. She studied hard and was good at playing chess, poetry and painting. In the first year of Jiang Wende's reign of Emperor Xizong of the Tang Dynasty (888 AD), Wang Jian led his troops to capture Linqiong, and then went to Chengdu, leaving behind his guest Zhou Chi to guard the city. Once, Huang Chong was reading at night while lighting a "well fire" (i.e., natural gas). He accidentally caught fire and destroyed his house, and was sent to the county jail. In order to escape from the disaster, she composed a hymn and dedicated it to Zhou Xiang: "I live in Linqiong in seclusion, and my behavior is as steadfast as the pine trees in the stream. Why is the government as clear as a water mirror, and it stumbles him into a wild crane in a deep cage."
Zhou Xiang saw the praise in the poem "Government is as clear as water" and was very fond of her talent. He pitied her for her young age, so he released her and kept her in the government. Later, she was transferred to Chengdu to serve as the chief minister in the palace to join the army. No one in the house knew that she was a weak woman. Empress Zhou Xiang proposed to recruit her as her son-in-law, but Huang Chonggu declined politely and instead wrote a poem called "Code to the Wife and Daughter of the Prime Minister of Shu". The last four lines are: "Standing tall and graceful with green pines, strong will and white walls. The shogunate's appearance is like this. Open your belly, and you will quickly become a man.” After revealing the truth, he resigned and returned to his hometown to live in seclusion. People at that time admired her talent and called her the "Female Champion". The play "The Female Champion" written by Xu Wei in the Ming Dynasty was all based on the story of Huang Chonggu. To this day, "The Tomb of Huang Chonggu, the Number One Scholar of Wang Shu" is still preserved on Chonggu Mountain in Huojing Township, Qionglai City.
Strictly speaking, the only person in history who actually participated in the scientific examination and became the "female number one scholar" was Fu Shanxiang, a 20-year-old woman during the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. "Qingyi Lei Chao. Examination" records: A question in the scientific examination is taken from the "Only women and villains are difficult to raise" in "The Analects of Confucius". Fu Shanxiang went against the public opinion, "Strive to refute the theory of 'hard to raise', and use the merits of virtuous women as domestic helpers in ancient times" to promote women's achievements, and criticized feudal machismo and Confucius's wrong views of discrimination against women. Fu Shanxiang dared to oppose the fallacy of "men are superior to women" under the circumstances at that time, and dared to refute the conclusions of the "eternal sage" Confucius. Her spirit and courage were deeply appreciated by Hong Xiuquan, who personally selected her as the number one scholar, and wore a flower crown with her. Put on a formal dress and parade around the streets for three days amidst the roar of gongs and drums, stealing the show.
The times are changing, society is advancing, and the era of imperial examinations has long ceased to exist.
Today's era is an era in which number one scholars emerge in large numbers. Not to mention "Three hundred and sixty, every profession leads to number one scholar." Just speaking of the college students, graduate students, and doctoral students who are similar to the number one scholars in ancient times, there are endless numbers of them, and it is possible that they are countless. La!
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