The history of bursa can be traced back to at least the 2nd century BC. Roman Empire, Byzantine Empire, Arabs, Seljuks and the First Crusader all successively occupied and ruled bursa. From12nd century to13rd century, Turkish warlords established many principalities in Anatolia. The warlord Ertugrul Ghazi Ertugrul Ghazi established a small country near bursa. 1280, Ertuge Luernian died, and his son osman gazzi inherited the title and status of Bey (equivalent to a leader or chief). He is Osman I, the founder of the Ottoman Empire, and he takes bursa as his capital. Since then, through the efforts of successive Sultans,
As the earliest capital, political and economic center of the Ottoman Empire, bursa was once ruled by six Ottoman sultans. With the continuous growth of the Ottoman Empire, its capital moved to Constantinople, but bursa has always been regarded as the birthplace of the Ottoman Empire. All the Ottoman monarchs were buried in bursa, and bursa left many historical sites and Ottoman-style buildings.
In 20 14, bursa, as the birthplace of the Ottoman Empire, was listed in the World Cultural Heritage List.
20 16 Turkey Tour, focusing on the knowledge of the Ottoman Empire, visited several major scenic spots in bursa.
The founder of Osman-the tombs of Sultan Osman and Orhan (Sultan Osman &; Orhan)
Bursa Castle stands tall on the mountain, which is the oldest castle in bursa. This part is surrounded by stone barriers and city walls, and some city walls still exist. Now this area is called Tofana Park. On the left side of the park entrance is the mausoleum of Osman I, and on the right side of the entrance is the mausoleum of orhan gazi Ghazi, son of Osman I, the founders of the Ottoman Empire. It is said that the original building was damaged by the earthquake of 1855. 1868, Sultan Abdul Aziz rebuilt the mausoleum in the form of Ottoman baroque architecture.
The most striking building of the castle is the six-story bell tower, which has the function of fire alarm, and there is a leisure teahouse next to it, overlooking the valley and the city scenery of bursa near the bell tower.
Green Mosque (Kami, Yesil) and Green Mausoleum (Turbe, Yesil)
The Green Mosque was built for Mohammed I from 14 19 to 1424. This beautiful mosque represents a turning point in Turkish architectural art. Before it, most mosques in Turkey were built in Persian style of Seljuk dynasty, but the construction of green mosque marked the rise of pure Turkish architecture and influenced the architectural form of the whole Ottoman Empire. .
Enter the mosque and arrive at the central hall of the dome, where there is a 15-meter-high Mihalab (mhab, a niche facing Mecca). The blue-green tiles on the inner wall are the origin of the name of this mosque, and there are some remains of primitive ancient murals on the wall.
Next to the tomb of Mohammed I, it is the tomb of his children.
Ulukami (Ulu Mosque)
The huge Ulu Mosque is on Ataturk Street, which is a very conspicuous Seljuk building and the most spectacular mosque in bursa. 1396 Yildirim Beyazit invested in the construction of this great building. The Ulu Mosque is a bold architectural display. Two towering spires and 20 domes make the whole building look magnificent. The construction of the temple follows the principle of "the bigger the better", with a huge entrance and a square cylinder. There are exquisite wood carvings on the pulpit and preacher's chairs, and calligraphy works are also engraved on the walls.
Sultanmurat II (Muradiya) Mosque (Sultan II Murat/Muradiye Camii)
Sultanmurat II (Muradiya) Mosque is a complex, including a tree-lined park and a quiet cemetery. The history of this mosque can be traced back to 1426. Its architectural style imitates the green mosque, as well as exquisite murals and mihalab.
Next to the mosque is 12 mausoleum complex, which was built from15th century to16th century. The tomb of Sultan II Miao La II is also here. Like other Islamic dynasties, the Ottoman Empire did not adopt the eldest son inheritance system, that is, any son of Sudan was eligible to inherit the throne after his father died, which led to the brothers of the heirs to the throne killing each other. Most of the people buried in Muradiya Mausoleum were killed by their close relatives, including all the princes.
These graves are open in turn, and many graves are decorated with beautiful Iznik tiles. Mausoleums made of red bricks are basically similar in appearance, but very different in interior decoration, some are very luxurious and beautiful, and some are simple and simple. Miao La II was an ascetic and rotary dervish all his life, and his resting place was solemn and without any decoration.
Street view and night view of bursa
The above pictures were taken during the trip to Turkey on 20 16, and the text was compiled with reference to "LP" and "Wikipedia".