1. Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty (91 BC - 49 BC), also known as Liu Xun, whose original name was Liu Bingji, was born in Chang'an, the capital of the Western Han Dynasty (today's Xi'an, Shaanxi Province), and was the 10th emperor of the Western Han Dynasty (74 BC - 49 BC). Reigned in 49 AD), the great-grandson of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty Liu Che, the grandson of the violent prince Liu Ju, and the son of the grandson of the Emperor Liu Jin. The only emperor in ancient my country who served in prison before ascending the throne, and founded the "Zhaoxuan Rule".
2. Emperor Wu of Wei (155-220), also known as Cao Cao, whose courtesy name was Mengde, was a native of Qiao County, Peiguo. He was an outstanding statesman, military strategist, writer, and calligrapher in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. The founder of the Cao Wei regime in the Three Kingdoms, he "held the emperor to order the princes", internally eliminated the separatist forces such as Yuan, Lu Bu, and Liu Biao, externally surrendered the Southern Xiongnu, Wuhuan, Xianbei, etc. to unify northern China, and implemented a series of policies to restore economic production and social order. When he was alive, he was the prime minister of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and later the king of Wei. After his death, he was given the posthumous title of King Wu. After his son Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor and founded the Wei Dynasty, he was honored as Emperor Wu.
3. Emperor Xuan of Jin Dynasty (179-251), Sima Yi, courtesy name Zhongda, was from Wenxian County, Henan Province. Born in a noble family, he was praised as an "extraordinary weapon" when he was young. Cao Cao invited him to come out many times. An important minister of Wei State in the Three Kingdoms. Emperors Wen and Ming served as governors, generals, lieutenants, and tutors, and were assisted by imperial edicts. In 249, he took control of the central imperial army and launched a coup. He was the founder of the Jin Dynasty. After his death, his sons Sima Shi and Sima Zhao took over the dictatorship one after another. The second son, Sima Zhao, was granted the title of Queen of Jin and later named him King Xuan; his grandson Sima Yan became emperor and later named him Emperor Xuan.
4. Emperor Daowu of the Northern Wei Dynasty (371-409), Tuobagui, of the Xianbei ethnic group, was born in the north of Shenhebei and was the founding emperor of the Northern Wei Dynasty. In 385, the 15-year-old Tuoba Gui took advantage of the chaos to revive the Dai Kingdom and ascended the throne as king in Shengle. In the following year, the country was named Wei, which was the Northern Wei Dynasty. In 398, he moved the capital from Shengle to Datong and proclaimed himself emperor. In the early years of his accession to the throne, he actively expanded his territory, worked hard to govern, and pushed the Xianbei regime into feudal society; in his later years, he became a promiscuous person and was assassinated in the palace coup in 409. He was only 39 years old and reigned for 24 years.
5. Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty (407-453) in the Southern Dynasties, namely Liu Yilong, was the third emperor of the Liu Song Dynasty during the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the third son of the founding emperor Song Wu Emperor Liu Yu, and was named Pengcheng Gong in the Jin Dynasty. He was granted the title of King of Yidu, promoted to the General of Zhenxi, and the Governor of Jingzhou. He was elected by Xu Xianzhi and ascended the throne in 424. He reigned for 30 years. His reign name was Yuanjia, his posthumous title was Emperor Wen, and his temple name was Taizu. He established the "Government of Yuanjia" and achieved considerable political achievements.
6. Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty (467-499), also known as Tuobahong, later renamed Yuanhong, was born in Pingcheng, Xianbei tribe. He was the sixth emperor of the Northern Wei Dynasty and the eldest son of Emperor Xianwen Tuobahong. Outstanding statesman and reformer. He was only 5 years old when he came to the throne, and he took charge in person in 490. Vigorously promoted reforms: moved the capital from Pingcheng to Luoyang to strengthen the rule of the north; changed Xianbei surnames to Han surnames to encourage intermarriage between Xianbei and Han people; and formulated official court rituals with reference to the laws and regulations of the Southern Dynasties. Emperor Xiaowen's reforms played a positive role in the integration of people of all ethnic groups and the development of all ethnic groups.
7. Emperor Chen Wu of the Southern Dynasties (503-559), that is, Chen Baxian, a native of Ruoli under the Great Wall of Wuxing, and the founding emperor of the Chen Dynasty during the Southern and Northern Dynasties after Chen Shi, the chief of Taiqiu in the Han Dynasty. He came from a humble background, but he was fond of studying military science and practicing martial arts at the same time. He later helped Wang Sengbian put down the "Hou Jing Rebellion", gradually controlled the power of the Liang Dynasty, and defeated the Northern Qi Dynasty. In 557, he deposed Emperor Jing of Liang Dynasty Xiao Fangzhi, proclaimed himself emperor, and established the Great Empire. Chen, changed to Yuan Yongding. After reigning for 3 years, he was given the posthumous title of Emperor Wu and the temple name of Gaozu. His adopted son Chen Qian came to the throne.
8. Taizong of the Tang Dynasty (599 [January 23] - 649), also known as Li Shimin, whose ancestral home is Longxi Chengji, the second emperor of the Tang Dynasty, the second son of Tang Gaozu Li Yuan and Queen Dou, died in In 623, he launched the "Xuanwumen Mutiny" and succeeded to the throne. The queen's eldest son was the Sun family. Famous statesmen, military strategists and calligraphers in ancient my country. Created the "Government of Zhenguan", expanded territory, eliminated separatist forces in various places, accepted advice with an open mind, practiced economy at home, allowed the people to recuperate and recuperate, and opened up to the outside world for friendship, which made the society peaceful and peaceful, and pushed China's feudal society to its heyday .
9. King Qian Mu (887-941), also known as Qian Yuanguan, was a native of Lin'an, Hangzhou (now Zhejiang), and the second monarch of Wuyue during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period (reigned 932-941) , the seventh son of King Wusu Qian Liu.
He has written more than a thousand poems, and compiled 300 of them, named "Jinlou Collection".
10. Liao Shengzong (971-1031), Yelu Longxu, a Khitan tribe, the sixth emperor of the Liao Dynasty, the eldest son of Liao Jingzong Yelu Xian, and his mother inherited the emperor Xiao Chuo. He is good at painting, knows music, and has composed more than 100 pieces of music. He ascended the throne at the age of 12 and took charge personally in 1009. He led his troops south to attack the Song Dynasty several times. After repeated defeats, the Song army entered into the "Chanyuan Alliance" and personally conquered Goryeo. During his reign, he rectified the administration of officials, opened schools to recruit scholars, changed the criminal law, implemented a tax system, and further feudalized the Liao Dynasty. He also expanded his power through wars, which is called the heyday of the Liao Dynasty.
11. Song Xiaozong (1127-1194), also known as Zhao Shen, the second emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty, the 7th grandson of Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin, the 6th grandson of Qin Wang Zhao Defang, the nephew of Song Gaozong Zhao Gou, and later adopted to Gaozong of the Song Dynasty was his son and ascended the throne. In 1189, his son Zhao Dun, Guangzong of the Song Dynasty, was enthroned by Zen. The most accomplished emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty, during his reign, he vindicated Yue Fei's unjust case, appointed militants, and determined to regain the Central Plains; he strengthened centralization of power, actively rectified officialdom, eliminated redundant officials, punished corruption, paid attention to agricultural production, and the people lived a healthy life. He was known in history as " The rule of Qian and Chun".
12. Taizu of the Qing Dynasty (1559-1626), Aixinjueluo Nurhaci, a Manchu, leader of the Jurchens in Jianzhou, founder of the Later Jin Dynasty, and founder of the Qing Dynasty. He was born in Hetuala. He is fluent in Manchu and Chinese and enjoys reading "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms". At the age of 25, he raised troops to unify the Jurchen tribes and pacify the eastern part of Guanxi, China. In 1616, he established the Later Jin Dynasty and separatized Liaodong. In 1626, he was defeated at the Battle of Ningyuan City. In April of the same year, he personally led an army to conquer Khalkha, Mongolia. He suffered from gangrene and died shortly after in mid-July. After the establishment of the Qing Dynasty, he was respected as the Taizu of the Qing Dynasty.
13. Yuan Shikai (1859-1916), a native of Xiangcheng, Henan, was a famous conspirator, careerist and leader of the Beiyang warlords in modern Chinese history. He made his fortune in North Korea in his early years. After returning to China, he trained the new army in Xiaozhan, Tianjin. During the Qing Dynasty, he served as governor of Shandong, governor of Zhili and minister of Beiyang. During the Wuchang Uprising of the Revolution of 1911, Puyi was forced to abdicate and became the interim president of the Republic of China. In 1913, he suppressed the second revolution. In the same year, he was elected as the first president of the Republic of China. The following year, he promulgated the "Covenant of the Republic of China" and declared himself emperor in December 1915.
Extended information
On Guiwei Day in April of the first year of Yuanping (June 5, 74 BC), Emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty died without an heir. General Huo Guang sent Bing and others to welcome Liu He, king of Changyi, as emperor. However, Liu He "dissolute and immoral, lost the emperor's etiquette, and messed up the Han system." In the end, Liu He only served as emperor for twenty-seven days. On Gengshen Day in July (September 10, 74 BC), Liu Bing entered the Weiyang Palace and met with the Empress Dowager. He was first granted the title of Marquis of Yangwu, and then the ministers presented him with seals and ribbons. The temple was built for Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty.
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the world was in chaos. In the name of the Emperor of the Han Dynasty, Cao Cao conquered all directions and unified northern China. He also implemented a series of policies to restore economic production and social order, expand farming, build water conservancy, reward farmers, and pay attention to The handicraft industry, the resettlement of the exiled population, and the implementation of "rent modulation" have gradually stabilized the society of the Central Plains and made a turn for the better in the economy. In the 18th year of Jian'an, Cao Cao was granted the title of Duke of Wei, established the Duke of Wei, with its capital at Yecheng, Hebei Province, and then became the king of Wei. After his death, his son Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor and honored Cao Cao as Emperor Wu, with the temple name Taizu.
Aixinjueluo Nurhachi (February 21, 1559-September 30, 1626), the founder of the Qing Dynasty, the founder of the Later Jin Dynasty, and the forty-fourth year of Wanli Emperor Shenzong of the Ming Dynasty ( 1616), Nurhachi proclaimed himself Khan in Hetuala, established the Later Jin Dynasty, separatized Liaodong, and established the Yuan Dynasty. After the Battle of Saarhu, the capital was moved to Shenyang. Afterwards, they swept through Liaodong and captured more than 70 Ming Dynasty cities in Liaodong. In the eleventh year of Tianming's reign, he was defeated in the battle of Ningyuan City. On August 11th of the same year, Nurhaci died and was buried in Qingfuling Mausoleum in Shenyang. After the establishment of the Qing Dynasty, he was revered as Taizu of the Qing Dynasty.
Yuan Shikai (1859-1916), a famous politician, strategist and leader of the Beiyang warlords in modern Chinese history. Han nationality, a native of Xiangcheng, Henan, so he is known as "Yuan Xiangcheng". Yuan Shikai made his fortune in North Korea in his early years. During the New Deal period in the late Qing Dynasty, modernization reforms were actively promoted.
During the Revolution of 1911, Emperor Puyi of the Qing Dynasty was forced to abdicate, peacefully overthrown the Qing Dynasty, and became the interim president of the Republic of China. In December 1915, he declared himself emperor, changed the name of the country to the Empire of China, established the Yuan Dynasty, Hongxian, and was known as the "Hongxian Monarchy" in history. .
Reference material: Baidu Encyclopedia-Liu Xun
Reference material: Baidu Encyclopedia-Cao Cao
Reference material: Baidu Encyclopedia-Aixinjueluo Nurhachi
p>Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia-Yuan Shikai