China's four classical novels, The Journey to the West, Water Margin, Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Jin Ping Mei, came from the Ming Dynasty. Feng Menglong's three collections of vernacular short stories, Sanyan (Yu Shiming Yan, Shi Jing and Xing Yan), have 40 pieces each, with a total of * * * 120, mainly describing the love stories of young people and the lives of ordinary people. The most famous are Du Shiniang's angry chest, a woman hitting a fickle lover with a stick, and the chance to transport Han to a cave. Similar to Sanyan, each Collection of Forty Short Stories includes Er Pai edited by Ling Mengchu and Xing edited by Lu, which were discovered in 1987. Traditional elegant literature continued to develop in the Ming Dynasty, with famous literati including Liu Ji, Song Lian, Gao Qi, Fang Xiaoru, Tang Yin, Gui Youguang, Xu Wei, Wang Shizhen, Yuan Hongdao, Qian, Zhang Dai and Wu. Sanqu writers include Wang Pan, Feng Weimin, Xue Lundao, Chen Yi, Kang Hai and others.
During the Wanli period, there appeared a public security school represented by Yuan Zongdao, Yuan Hongdao and Yuan Zhongdao, which strongly opposed the retro-ism of the former seven sons. They believe that literature changes with the times, and there are different times, that is, there are different types of literature. The Jingling School, represented by Jingling Zhong Xing and Tan, advocates expressing the spirit alone and begging for the spirit from the ancients, with the aim of "attracting the spirit of the ancients to connect the hearts of future generations and make them stop, that's all".
In terms of poetry,
There are a great number of poems and essays in the Ming Dynasty, not only many writers, but also many schools. During the period from Yongle to Orthodox, the "Taige Style" poetry school headed by Yang Shiqi, Yang Rong and Yang Pu, great cabinet scholars, appeared in the literary world. In the mid-Ming Dynasty, the "first seven sons" led by Li Mengyang and He Jingming rose first, followed by the "last seven sons" led by Li Panlong and Wang Shizhen in Jiajing and Wanli. Under the call of restoring ancient ways, they advocated that "literature must be in the Qin and Han Dynasties, and poetry must flourish in the Tang Dynasty". At present, when the post-Seven School's retro movement rose, the "Tang and Song School" and "Public Security School" appeared in the literary world one after another.
In painting and calligraphy,
The Ming court highly praised calligraphy, mainly running script and cursive script. In the early Ming Dynasty, calligraphy was mired in the quagmire of the cabinet, and the Shen brothers helped push the stable lower case to the extreme. "Every gold edition jade book is used by the imperial court, hidden in the secret room and presented to the country." Er Shen's calligraphy was promoted to the imperial examination rules, so the trend of Tiger prevailed. In the middle of Ming Dynasty, four schools of Wuzhong emerged, and calligraphy began to develop in the direction of business. Zhu Yunming, Wen Zhiming, Wang Chong and Tang Yin are the representatives of this period, and calligraphy began to enter a new realm of advocating individuality. There was a critical trend of thought in calligraphy in the late Ming Dynasty. Huang Daozhou, Wang Duo and Ni were famous for their pursuit of large-scale and shocking visual effects of calligraphy, while Dong Qichang, the founder of Tiexue, still adhered to the traditional position.
In the early Ming Dynasty, palace painting was the mainstream of home painting. /kloc-In the middle of the 5th century, the "Four Great Masters of Wumen" rose in China, Wen Zhiming, Tang Yin and Chou Ying south of the Yangtze River. They widely absorbed the strengths of the Tang, Five Dynasties, Song and Yuan painting schools and formed their own unique style of painting art. During Jiajing period, Xu Wei, an outstanding painter, created splash-ink flowers in a unique way. The painting circle in the late Ming Dynasty was centered on Songjiang School in Dong Qichang. Dong Qichang, a student in Yuan Sijia, is good at ink painting and splashing ink. His works are beautiful, elegant and fluent. In the late Ming Dynasty, there were other famous painters such as Chen Hongshou, Cui Zizhong and Zeng Whale.