Owner, we are close friends, and I also like calligraphy.
Chinese calligraphy has a long history and can be roughly divided into five types: seal script (big seal script, small seal script), official script, regular script, running script, and cursive script (Zhang, Jincao).
(1) Seal script: First came the large seal script and then the small seal script. As early as more than sixty years ago, the symbols and pictures depicting objects on pottery had the prototype of writing. Later, in the long development, pictographic (picture) writing emerged. Three thousand years ago in the Yin and Shang Dynasties, the characters carved on tortoise shells and animal bones, that is, the "oracle bone inscriptions" calligraphy are fine, straight and straight, with no hesitation or heaviness.
From the unearthed armored beasts, jade pieces, and pottery pieces, we can see The unengraved ink and ink handwriting can provide a glimpse of the characteristics of brush writing at that time. The inscriptions cast on bronzes such as bells, tripods, currencies, weapons, etc. that appeared in the Shang and Zhou dynasties are called "jinwen" or "Zhongdingwen" calligraphy. Gradually becoming more uniform, the style is rounded and thick, and the glyphs are rich and varied. The characters carved on stone Gui and stone drums during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods are called Shiguwen, also called Zhenwen. The strokes are strong and dignified. The structure is slightly square, The style is classic and majestic. The above-mentioned oracle bone inscriptions and inscriptions were called Dazhuan in the Qin Dynasty, and later generations also called them "Gu".
In 221 BC, Qin Shihuang unified China and abolished the variations of the Six Kingdoms. It was compiled by Prime Minister Li Si and simplified into a unified font. Later generations called it "Xiao Zhuan". The font is slightly longer and the strokes are neat and round and beautiful.
(2) Official script: According to legend, the official script is written by Qin Weicheng Miao in prison. It has been sorted out and simplified, with the characters changed from round to square, and the strokes changed from curved to straight. Changing "continuous strokes" to "broken strokes" and moving from lines to strokes makes it easier to write. This style of calligraphy is popular in "Tu Li" (minor officials with lower-level office documents), so it is called official script. In the Han Dynasty, this style of calligraphy began to flourish and became the main calligraphy style. The emergence of official script was a turning point in the history of the evolution of Chinese characters, laying the foundation for regular script. Official script The structure is flat, neat and delicate. By the Eastern Han Dynasty, pointillism such as strokes and strokes were beautified into upward strokes, with varying weights and fluctuations. The beauty of the calligraphy plastic art was enhanced, the styles became more diversified, and the value of art appreciation was greatly improved. < /p>
(3) Regular script: Regular script is also called "official script" and "real script". It gradually evolved from official script and became more simplified. The shape of the characters changed from flat to square, and the strokes of Han official script were omitted. , horizontal and vertical, characterized by neat rules, so it is called Kaifa because this calligraphy can be used as a "model" popular calligraphy style and has been used to this day. Regular script was popular in the Six Dynasties, and flourished in the Tang Dynasty, reaching its peak. This font is still the key to learning calligraphy for beginners.
(4) Running script: Running script is a quick version of regular script. It is said to have begun in the late Han Dynasty. It is not as neat as regular script, and there is no draft of cursive script. Running script has Those with regular script or close to regular script are called "Xingkai", and those with cursive script or close to cursive script are called "Xingcao".
(5) Cursive script: Cursive script is to connect the dots and dashes of words according to certain rules. The structure is simple and the radicals are borrowed. It is not random writing. The characteristic of cursive script is that the artistic appreciation value is greater than the practical value. It is generally divided into two types: Zhangcao and Jincao. Zhangcao is a simple and fast writing style of official script, and the characters are independent and not written consecutively. , Jincao is a fast writing method in regular script, with stippling flying and moving, and the traces of strokes between the upper and lower parts are often involved.