Qian Qianyi (1582-1664), also known as Shouzhi, also known as Muzhai, later known as Mengsou, Dongjian Old Man. Scholars call him Mr. Yushan, one of the leaders of the poetry circle in the early Qing Dynasty, and a native of Yushan Town, Changshu. Born in an official family. In the thirty-eighth year of Wanli (1610), Qian Qianyi passed the Jinshi examination. After Emperor Chongzhen came to the throne, he served as Minister of Rites.
At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the party struggle in the imperial court was fierce, and Qian Qianyi had ups and downs. Although he was always talented, he was eventually dismissed from his post, and then returned to his hometown to live. In the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (1644), Emperor Chongzhen hanged himself on Meishan, and the Ming Dynasty was destroyed.
Subsequently, the royal family of the Ming Dynasty established a small court in Nanjing, and Qian Qianyi, a respected literary leader, was ordered to serve as Minister of Rites.
Liu Rushi was a female poet in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties and one of the "Eight Beauties of Qinhuai". Liu Rushi was trafficked when she was young and ended up in a brothel at a young age. Liu Rushi interacted with Fushe and Donglin Party members, often wearing men's clothing, talking about current affairs, reciting poems and singing songs with them.
At the age of 23, Liu Rushi married Qian Qianyi, who was 36 years older than herself. Later, Chongzhen hanged himself, the Ming Dynasty was destroyed, and after the Qing army went south, Liu Rushi persuaded Qian Qianyi to drown himself in the country, but Qian Qianyi thought the water was "cold" and stopped Liu Rushi, begging to surrender to the Qing court.
Qian Qianyi was later imprisoned for some reason. Liu Rushi rushed to rescue him and secretly supported the anti-Qing and anti-Qing rebels, and was deeply respected. After Qian Qianyi's death, the villagers gathered to seize his property. In order to protect Qian Qianyi's family property, Liu Rushi committed suicide with a silk tie. This is how a generation of talented women ended their lives. Full of talent, full of passion, but in the end they ended up like brothers, which is sad.
Qian Qianyi wrote the inspiring "Autumn Rising in Jinling", singing "The eldest goddaughter sang the song of Ping Liao, and the sound of autumn in thousands of households pounded the anvil". However, in the end his success failed, Qian Qianyi wrote the sad and sad poem "Hou Qiu Xing": "The old man and his father were in tears, and they were worried about seeing the tiger brigade across the river." He even wanted to follow Zheng Chenggong into the sea to fight against the Qing Dynasty. At this time, Qian Qianyi was already gray-haired and nearly eighty years old.
Extended information:
Judging from the marriage of Qian Qianyi and Liu Rushi, this does not seem to be the case. They are truly "soulmates." Their lives are full of cultural atmosphere.
Qian Qianyi was the most famous book collector at that time. After marrying Liu Rushi, he built an exquisite library and named it "Jiangyun Tower".
It displays the books and antiques he collected through hard work, including tens of thousands of epigraphic inscriptions and Song Dynasty engraved books, as well as Ding and Yi paintings from the Qin and Han Dynasties, calligraphy and painting works from the Jin, Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties, and various precious porcelains. , inkstone, etc.
Just like Zhao Mingcheng and Li Qingzhao in the Song Dynasty, Qian Qianyi and Liu Rushi also hid in their library, reading, writing, doing historical research, and joking with each other every day. All in all, life was very leisurely.
However, the drastic changes of the times have brought ideological differences to their lives. Qian Qianyi surrendered to the Qing Dynasty, but Liu Rushi firmly opposed it. She jumped into the water and committed suicide, wanting to die for her country.
Although he was rescued in the end, the relationship between the two was inevitably hurt. Before long, Qian Qianyi was unwilling to serve as an official for the Qing Dynasty in Beijing, so he returned to his hometown.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Qian Qianyi
Baidu Encyclopedia-Liu Rushi