Qiantang Zhizhai opening hours: 8:00-17:00
Qiantang Zhizhai attraction introduction:
45 kilometers west of Luoyang, the ancient capital of the Nine Dynasties, there is a A place with beautiful scenery and beautiful mountains and rivers - Tiemen Town. It straddles Xiaoling Mountains in the west and Hangu Valley in the east. It has a history of thousands of years and was praised by Zhang Taiyan as "Dangguan Luokong Road". Here, Qinglong and Fenghuang Mountains face each other, and a stream of water flows eastward. It is known as the West Gate of Luoyang.
my country's only epitaph museum - the national key cultural relics protection unit "Qiantang Zhizhai" is located in the northwest corner of Tiemen Town. This is the hometown of Mr. Zhang Fang (also known as Boying), a famous patriotic democrat and veteran of the Revolution of 1911. In the early 1920s, Mr. Zhang Fang lived in seclusion in Iron Gate and maintained a spectacular garden covering hundreds of acres. Kang Youwei traveled to Shaanxi and Henan, and was invited by Zhang Fang to the garden, where he talked about calligraphy and painting, wrote poems to express his feelings, and named it "Zhelu".
The Qiantang Zhizhai Museum in Xin'an County is part of the "Zhelu" garden run by the late Kuomintang uprising general Mr. Zhang Fang. It is famous for its more than 1,400 epitaph stone carvings. Among them, Tang Zhi is the most abundant, with as many as 1,191 pieces. Zhang Binglin once used ancient seal script to inscribe "Qian Tang Zhi Zhai" on his forehead, and added a postscript at the end: "Xin'an Zhang Boying obtained thousands of epitaphs from the Tang Dynasty, so he named Zhai, which was written by Zhang Binglin." The origin of the name of Zhai is due to this. .
Zhang Fan, whose courtesy name is Boying, is also known as his friend Shi Laoren. Graduated from Baoding Army Crash Course in the late Qing Dynasty. In his early years, he participated in the Tongmenghui and was one of the main instigators of the Shaanxi New Army Uprising during the Revolution of 1911. When Sun Yat-sen launched the Dharma Protection Movement, Zhang served as deputy commander-in-chief of the Shaanxi Jingguo Army. In the 1930s, he successively served as the commander-in-chief of the 20th Route Army of the National Revolutionary Army, acting chairman of the Henan Provincial Government, and director of the Department of Civil Affairs and Construction. During the Liberation War, he did some useful work for the peaceful liberation of Sichuan and led an uprising in Chengdu at the end of 1949. After liberation, Zhang Fang served as a member of the second National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. He died of illness in Beijing in May 1966.
Zhang Fang loved epigraphy, calligraphy and painting during his lifetime, and had close contacts with Yu Youren, Zhang Binglin, Kang Youwei and Wang Guangqing. Under their influence, especially the encouragement of Yu Youren, Zhang began to collect extensive epitaph stone carvings, as well as tablets and stone carvings in 1931, and gradually transported them to his hometown of Tiemen Town. Around 1933, a land was built in the west corner of his "Zhelu", and most of the collected stones were inlaid in the fifteen-hole cave dwelling, three large patios and the inner and outer walls of a corridor. The unmounted part was shipped to Shaanxi and donated to the Shaanxi Museum during the Anti-Japanese War. A lot of it was lost after accidents.
According to the "Catalogue of Stone Collection in Qiantang Zhizhai" issued by Shanghai Xileng Seal Publishing House in 1935, there are 1,578 pieces in total. There are still 1,419 pieces of various types of collected stones in the house, including 1 Chronicle of the Western Jin Dynasty, 2 Chronicles of the Northern Wei Dynasty, 2 Chronicles of the Sui Dynasty, 1,191 Chronicles of the Tang Dynasty, 22 Chronicles of the Five Dynasties, 88 Chronicles of the Song Dynasty, 1 Chronicle of the Yuan Dynasty, and 30 Chronicles of the Ming Dynasty. There are 2 pieces of records from the Qing Dynasty and 7 pieces from the Republic of China. In addition, there are 19 pieces of epitaph covers and 54 pieces of other types of calligraphy, paintings, statues, scripture pillars, and tablets.
These aspiration stones were collected by Zhang Fang from all over the country, mainly in Luoyang. Luoyang is known as the ancient capital of nine dynasties and is a gathering place of humanity. Mang Mountain in the north of the city stretches for more than a hundred kilometers from east to west. It is majestic and far away, with thick soil and low water, which is suitable for funerals. Therefore, dignitaries and wealthy businessmen in the past dynasties all superstitiously believe that Mang Mountain is a geomantic treasure land. Even people as far away as the southern part of the Yangtze River and the northern part of the Yangtze River return to the mountains before they die. He asked his descendants to travel thousands of miles and bury him in Beimang. Therefore, there is a popular saying among the people that "Born in Suzhou and Hangzhou, buried in Beimang", so that "there is little free land on the top of Beimang Mountain, and it is full of old tombs of Luoyang people" (see Wang Jian's "Beimang Journey").
It is also the tombs of these rich people that have led to the prevalence of tomb robbing. Tomb robbers are more focused on robbing burial objects, and bulky memorial stones are rarely cared for and are mostly lost among the people. When the Longhai Railway was built in the late Qing Dynasty, it took the route from the foot of Mang Mountain, and the excavated stone stones were abandoned in private farmhouses. After Zhang Fang saw it, he searched extensively for it, built a place for it, and kept it properly. Because he had reached an agreement with Yu Youren in advance, Wei Zhi belonged to him and Tang Zhi belonged to Zhang, making Qian Tang Zhi Zhai the best collection of Tang Zhi in the country. Concentrated place.
The Tang Chronicles collected by Qian Tang Zhi Zhai start from Wude and Zhenguan, and go through the prosperous Tang, the middle Tang and the late Tang, including Wu Zetian's reform of the Yuan Dynasty and An Lushan's arrogance. The ideals include a highly respected prime minister, a noble relative of the emperor, a powerful official in a vassal town, a governor who is responsible for guarding the territory, a low-ranking Wei Mo Shen Cao, and a virgin who enjoys leisurely tours in gardens. Celebrities, the temple and cave masters who were ignorant of Zen practice, and the palace maiden Aoi who was locked up in the inner palace and lived a miserable life, dying without knowing her name or place of origin. These epitaphs record all kinds of people and their social activities, so they can be regarded as a Tang Dynasty book carved on stone. These words provide extremely rare information for us to study the social, political, economic, military, cultural, diplomatic and other aspects of the time. Precious materials play an important role in proving history, correcting history, and supplementing history.
The plaque of "Zhelu" and the couplets of "Room for Listening to Incense and Reading Paintings" were both inscribed by Kang Youwei when he passed through the iron gate of Yusu during his trip to Shaanxi. It was inscribed by Guan Baiyi, who was the director of the Henan Provincial Museum; the couplets on the porch of Qiantang Zhizhai were written by Song Bolu, a Hanlin scholar of the Qing Dynasty, and the couplets on the opposite east porch were written by Zhang Renjie. These inscriptions are all full of spirit and style, and complement each other with the calligraphy art of the Zhai Zhizhi, which is fascinating.
Qiantang Zhizhai is now a national key cultural relic protection unit. In recent years, it has been continuously repaired and organized, attracting many domestic and foreign experts, scholars, dignitaries and calligraphy enthusiasts to visit. It has not only become a place for overseas tourists to seek their roots. Mi Zong's "Millennium Secret Book" is also a "winding path" for historians to study the history of the Tang Dynasty. The Northern Wei Grottoes, recently moved to Qiantang Zhizhai, have also attracted attention at home and abroad.
Luoyang is located in the Central Plains and has been a gathering place for literati since ancient times. This Mang Mountain is majestic and winding, with thick soil and low water, which is suitable for funerals. Therefore, emperors, generals, ministers, and wealthy businessmen of all dynasties all superstitiously believed that Bei Mang was a geomantic treasure land, and most of them were buried at the foot of Mang Mountain. Therefore, there is a folk saying: "Born in Suzhou and Hangzhou, buried in Beimang" theory. As a result, "there is little free soil on Beimang Mountain, which is said to be the old tomb of Luoyang people" and "there is no place where cows lie in Beimang", making it the most concentrated and vast tomb area in my country. With tomb robberies and other natural causes since the late Qing Dynasty, a large number of memorial stones buried in tombs have been unearthed. Mr. Zhang Fang's large-scale collection in the 1930s has collected almost more than 80 memorial stones unearthed in Beimang, which has been preserved for our country. A large number of precious national treasures.
An epitaph is a square bluestone engraved with text. This thin piece of stone records the deceased’s lineage, life experience, spouse and children, and the place of burial. It is then buried in the grave of the deceased. . A person's long and glorious life, a person's cold and mediocre life, are condensed into a piece of transparent film and displayed here. People who have guided the country, people who have made history shine, scholars who have written pens and pens, warriors who have lost their heads, monks who eat fast and chant Buddha, or Taoist priests who travel far and wide, all in one form, After walking into the tunnel of time, Qiantang Zhizhai is their final destination.
The Tang Dynasty epitaphs collected by Qiantang Zhizhai start from the Wude Zhenguan year in the early Tang Dynasty to the Tianfu and Tianyou years in the later Tang Dynasty. All three hundred year names are included; the identity of the owner of the epitaph is self-evident. From the state captain to the governor, virgins and celebrities, palace maids and talented ladies, the common people are all included. These epitaphs record various social activities of the Tang people and provide rare physical information for the study of the Tang Dynasty's cultural, political and martial arts. They are important evidence for proving, correcting and supplementing history. They can be regarded as both a stone-engraved book of the Tang Dynasty and It is the archives of the Tang Dynasty; it is also a treasure trove of information for the study of Tang Dynasty calligraphy articles and calligraphy art. Therefore, it is also known as the "History of the Evolution of Calligraphy in the Tang Dynasty" and the "Grand View of Tang Prose".
In addition, Qiantang Zhizhai also collects the written stone carvings of Dong Qichang, Zheng Banqiao, Mi Fu, Liu Tang, Wang Duo, as well as recent contemporaries such as Kang Youwei, Zhang Taiyan, Yu Youren and others.
When you walk into Qiantang Zhizhai, you will be immediately infected by a strong cultural atmosphere. The heavy and long history is buried here by the loess of time, deposited into a silent masterpiece, and then displayed in before us. Examining this exquisite and clear amber, one can vaguely hear and witness the flashes of swords and swords fighting in the Tang Dynasty and the chaotic splendor of music, singing and string dancing.
The radiance of wisdom, turbid tears and deep sighs of our ancestors make you step into the depths of history and be startled by the sudden realization! When you involuntarily touch the cold and speechless stone, your heart may be suddenly startled, because you have truly touched the beating pulse of the Tang people.
This is a dream garden.
When you walk out of the historical path and stroll on the gravel road with sparse shadows and the fragrance of birds and flowers, you may feel like you are in a Zen state. The strong cultural connotation here gives the garden Endless charm. If you approach the century-old stone house opposite the bamboo forest, you will see its age and the eight big characters on the front: "No one is a passer-by, the flower is the owner." Reciting it softly, it is cold and desolate, passers-by and flowers, whooshing swords The aura and light fragrance passed by in my heart. Looking back at the sword aura and the light fragrance that filled the wall, I passed by in my heart. Looking back at the walls full of stones, flowers, trees and insects, you will suddenly realize the Buddha-like kindness and tranquility.
With the development of the times, Qiantang Zhizhai will play a huge role in the long history of mankind with its rich historical materials and precious calligraphy art.