The Origin of Eastern Wei and Western Wei

After the demise of the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Eastern Wei Dynasty and the Western Wei Dynasty were formed in the eastern part of its territory. Both the Eastern Wei Dynasty and the Western Wei Dynasty continued to use "Wei" as their country names.

The first dynasty in the northern Wei, Southern and Northern Dynasties. Also known as "Tuoba Wei" and "Wei Yuan", it was built by Tuoba's family of Xianbei nationality and spread to Emperor 12 (contained in the Official History of Ji Emperor).

At the beginning of the 4th century, Tuoba's family established Daiguo in present-day northern Shanxi and central Inner Mongolia. In 376, it was destroyed by the former dynasty. In 386, Tuoba GUI, the royal family of Daiguo, lost the battle of Feishui, and Fu Jian was named Daiwang. In the same year, it was renamed Wang Wei, and its capital was Lesheng (now northwest of Inner Mongolia and Linger), and the Northern Wei Dynasty was established.

He has defeated Kumohi, Gao Che, Rouran and Hou Yan, and his strength is getting stronger and stronger. In 398, he moved his capital to Pingcheng (now northeast of Datong, Shanxi) and officially proclaimed himself emperor. When his grandson Tuoba Tao destroyed Xia, Beiyan and Beiliang successively, he unified the North and fought against the Southern Dynasties and the Song Dynasty.

Literary achievements in Wei and Jin Dynasties

Emperor Daowu of Wei established imperial academy in Pingcheng and provided rural schools for Wendi. After Emperor Xiaowen moved to Los Angeles, private schools became more popular, and cultural and educational institutions at all levels in the Northern Wei Dynasty were built one after another. The envoys of the Southern Dynasties came to see Li Fu. The character Yin Gang was stunned. Northern Wei culture is a northern culture created in the process of national integration, and various aspects have produced unique representative figures and works. Scholar Xu Zunming.

Taoist reformer Kou, a famous Buddhist monk, historian Cui Hong, musician Wen Zisheng, painter Sun Changzhi, calligrapher Jiang Shi, etc. Astronomers Zhao Chong and Xin, physicians and Li Xiu, famous architect Jiang Shaoyou, great agronomist and great geographer Li Daoyuan.

There are also literary works such as Mulan Ci, which is regarded as the main calligraphy department in China, and rare and magnificent cave temple art such as Yungang, Longmen, Maijishan and Dunhuang. All these have an indelible position in the cultural history of China. The society of the Northern Wei Dynasty had a conservative side, but it was more about pioneering and innovating.

Baidu encyclopedia-northern Wei dynasty