Why is Tang Bohu called "the first romantic talent in Jiangnan"

With regard to the origin of Tang Bohu's title of "the first romantic talent in the south of the Yangtze River", some people think that Tang Bohu really carved the seal of "the first romantic talent in the south of the Yangtze River" out of arrogance and conceit, but some scholars believe that Tang Bohu himself has never carved the seal of "the first romantic talent in the south of the Yangtze River", and the seal that has been circulated in the world is forged by others. Scholars of later generations generally believe that Tang Bohu is worthy of the name. His poems, books and paintings are called "three unique" and his artistic attainments are superb. It is true that Tang Bohu is brilliant and can be called "the first gifted scholar in Jiangnan". If the word "romantic" is used, it can only show that Tang Bohu's writing style is elegant, free and easy, and his manners are unrestrained. That's all. The actual situation is not the "romantic fame" described in novels and film and television works. Tang Yin (1470- 1523), whose name is Bohu and whose name is Wei Zi, was born in the sixth year of Chenghua in Ming Xianzong and Yinri in silver moon, hence the name Tang Yin. Han nationality, from Wuxian (now Suzhou, Jiangsu). He is cynical, brilliant and famous for his poems. He, Zhu Yunming, Wen Zhiming and Xu Zhenqing are also called "Four Talents in the South of the Yangtze River", and his painting name is even more famous. He, Shen Zhou, Wen Zhiming and Chou Ying are also called "four sons of Wu Men". Tang Yin was born in Suzhou in the Ming Dynasty. He was born on the fourth day of February in the sixth year of Chenghua (1March 6, 470) and died on the second day of December in the second year of Jiajing (1524+1October 7). Born in a merchant family, his father Tang Guangde and his mother Qiu. I was smart since I was a child, and my family suffered a change in my twenties. His parents, wife and sister died one after another, and his family came down. At the suggestion of his good friend Zhu Yunming, he studied hard. At the age of 29, she took the Yingtianfu public examination and won the first prize of "Xie Yuan". At the age of 30, I went to Beijing to take an exam, but I was accused of being an official because of cheating in the examination room. From then on, I decided to make progress and make a living by selling paintings. In nine years (15 14), I went to Nanchang for half a year at the invitation of Ning Wang Zhu. Later, I found out what Wang Ning was up to, so I pretended to be crazy and even ran naked in the street before running away. Life was hard in his later years and he died at the age of 54. Although Tang Bohu was a gifted painter with outstanding talents, ideals and ambitions in history, his cynical and arrogant personality was not suitable for this society. He had a rough life and died at the age of 54. The last poem he wrote before his death expressed his deep-rooted complex feelings of nostalgia for the world and resentment and world-weariness: "Being born in the dead is over, why not die in hell?" . Dead people are almost the same as dead people. You should only wander in a foreign land. "To commemorate the 540th anniversary of Tang Yin's birth, Chen Zhisui's couplet in memory of Tang Yin said:" Painting is samadhi/dreaming like a body. "He is good at landscapes, figures, flowers and birds. His landscape paintings were studied by Chen Zhou in his early years, and then by Li Tang and Liu Songnian. He painted mountains and painted mountains with an axe, which was majestic and steep, but his pen was fine, his layout was sparse and his style was elegant. Figure paintings are mostly ladies and historical stories, inherited from the Tang Dynasty, with clear lines, gorgeous and elegant colors, beautiful posture and accurate modeling; He is also a freehand brushwork figure, and his pen is concise and interesting. His flower-and-bird paintings are freehand and elegant. In addition to painting, Tang Yin also engaged in calligraphy, learning from Zhao Mengfu, and his calligraphy style was fantastic and handsome. There are some paintings that have been handed down from generation to generation, such as Riding a Donkey Home, Singing in the Mountain Road, Mingming, Uncle Wang's Palace Prostitute, Li Duanduan's Mansion, Autumn Fan, Baimeitu, Qiuci Hutu, and Cross-Strait Peak Green Map. Tang Yin is also very accomplished in literature. Gong's poems have been written for many years, and his paintings and sentimental works express his wild and uninhibited mind and indifference to the world. Slang and slang are used in poetry, which is easy to understand and simple in meaning. He is the author of the Collection of Six Confucian Interpretations, and the Complete Works of Six Confucian Interpretations was compiled in Qing Dynasty.

Tang Yin's ancestral home is Jinchang, which is now Jincheng, Shanxi, so in his calligraphy and painting, he often writes the word "Jinchang Tang Yin". In the Northern Song Dynasty, the Tang family moved south and began to do business in Nanjing and Suzhou. Tang Yin was born in a businessman's family in Wuchili, Wuxian County, Suzhou. Tang Yin had three wives in his life. /kloc-married Xu Tingrui's second daughter Xu at the age of 0/9, but died around the age of 24. Later, I may marry another room, but I left because of cheating in the examination room. After marrying Shen Shi or nine niang, Tang Bohu was gifted at an early age. He is familiar with the four books and five classics and is proficient in historical records. 65-year-old, 438+06, the top scholar, sensational Suzhou city. At the age of 29, he went to Nanjing to take the provincial examination and won the first place in Xieyuan. Just when he was full of ambition, he went to Beijing for the exam the next year, but he was unlucky because he was involved in the fraud case in the examination room. Generally speaking, Xu Jing, the son of Jiangyin's richest man, secretly bribed the examiner's family and got the test questions in advance. After the revelations, Tang Yin was also implicated in prison. Cheng and Li Dongyang are examiners for the 2008 Beijing College Entrance Examination. Both of them are well-read, and the questions are so obscure that many candidates can't answer them. There are only two papers, which are not only properly answered, but also elegantly worded, which makes Cheng blurt out with joy: "These two papers belong to Tang Yin." This sentence was heard by the people present and dispersed. Tang Yin visited him many times after he went to Beijing, especially after Cheng was appointed as the main examiner. Tang Yin also asked him to preface one of his poems. This aroused the suspicion of others. This time, when I heard Cheng say this in the examination room, I was caught by people who usually hate him. A group of people began to talk about the emperor, saying that Cheng had taken bribes and let the cat out of the bag. If it is not strictly investigated, it will lose the hearts of scholars all over the world. Emperor Xiaozong believed it and was very angry. He immediately decided not to allow Cheng to read newspapers. All the papers read by Cheng were re-read by Li Dongyang, and Cheng, Tang Yin, were put into Dali Temple prison and tried by special personnel. After Xu Jing went to prison, he couldn't stand the torture. He admitted that he bribed Cheng's relatives with a piece of gold, stole the examination questions and leaked them to Tang Yin. After a joint examination by the Ministry of Punishment and the government, Xu Jing overturned his confession, saying it was a confession. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ordered "rehabilitation", and Cheng died of dissatisfaction after he was released from prison. After Tang Yin was released from prison, he was banished to Zhejiang as a petty official. Tang Yin was ashamed not to take office. There are many records and different accounts about this case. In fact, this is the result of the internal struggle of the ruling class. "Biography of Emperor Chengzu of Ming Dynasty" said: "Or the prison of sensitive politics, Fu Han wants to seize its position, so that it can be played and the secret can't be clear." But there is no doubt that this matter is extremely serious for Tang Yin. From then on, Tang Yin decided to pursue a career. After returning home, he was addicted to wine, traveled to famous mountains and rivers, and determined to be a companion of poetry, painting and calligraphy all his life. In the 13th year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty (1500), Tang Yin left Suzhou and arrived in Zhenjiang by boat. From Zhenjiang to Yangzhou, he visited places of interest such as Slender West Lake and Pingshan Hall. Then take a boat along the river and cross Wuhu and Jiujiang to Lushan Mountain. The magnificent scenery of Lushan Mountain left a deep impression on Tang Yin. This was fully reflected in his later paintings. He returned to Huangzhou by boat and saw the remains of Battle of Red Cliffs. Tang Yin's Red Cliff Map was drawn on this basis. Later, he went south to Hunan, boarded Yueyang Tower and visited Dongting Lake. And climb Mount Hengshan in Nanyue south. Re-entering Fujian, roaming the famous mountains of Wuyi and Jiulihu in Xianyou County. Tang Yin transferred from Fujian to Zhejiang, visited Yandang Mountain and Tiantai Mountain, crossed the sea to Putuo, and then returned to Anhui, Huangshan and Jiuhua Mountain along Fuchun River and Xin 'anjiang River. At this point, Tang Yin had spent all his money and had to return to Suzhou. Tang Yin's trip to Wan Li Road lasted more than nine months, and he traveled all over the famous mountains and rivers, adding a lot of materials for his later paintings. Back in Suzhou, my family was poor, and my wife made a scene and finally left him. He lives in a small building on the street corner of Qufang Wu, entertains himself with painters and sells paintings for a living. He wrote in a poem: "No alchemy, no meditation, no ploughing for merchants." If you have time, write a picture of Danqing and sell it. There is no money on the earth. "To show indifference to fame and fortune, specializing in free reading and selling paintings. When Tang Yin was thirty-six, he chose Taohuawu in the north of the city, built an elegant and leisurely home, and lived a crazy life. Taohuawu was originally a bamboo slip villa in Zhangzhuang, Song Dynasty, which has gone through many vicissitudes of life and is now in ruins. But the scenery here is pleasant and the environment is quiet. A clear stream flows, and several wild peach willows die by the stream, which is quite interesting in Shan Ye. The following year, Tang Yin built the Taohuawu Villa with the money from selling paintings. Although there are only a few huts, elegant plaques are hung under the eaves, such as Xuepu Hall, Mengmo Pavilion and Butterfly Zhai. Tang Yin loved peach blossoms all his life. The villa was named "Peach Blossom Temple", and he named himself "Lord of Peach Blossom Temple" and wrote "Song of Peach Blossom Temple": "Peach Blossom Fairy nurtures peach trees and collects them for drinking. When you wake up, you just sit in front of the flowers, and when you are drunk, you come to sleep under the flowers. Half drunk and half awake day after day, flowers bloom year after year. ..... "In spring, flowers are in full bloom in the garden. He invited Shen Zhou, Zhu Yunming, Wen Zhiming and others to come here to drink and write poems, paint with a brush, and break up happily. "Drink like day, drink when you come, don't ask, fall asleep when you are drunk." ("Zhu Yunming's Epitaph of Tang Ziwei") At this time, Tang Yin was at leisure and detached. In the ninth year of Ming Dynasty (15 14), he was recruited to Nanchang by Wang Ning, the imperial clan of Ming Dynasty. Later, he found himself caught in a political conspiracy in Wang Ning, so he pretended to be crazy, escaped and returned to his hometown. Later, Wang Ning rebelled against the imperial court and was pacified. Fortunately, Tang Yin escaped death, but he also caused a lot of trouble. Since then, my thoughts have gradually become depressed and I have turned to Buddhism. Since then, he has been named "Liu Rusi", and the seal of the autonomous party is "Escape from Zen Immortal". After returning from Nanchang, I was sick all the year round and couldn't paint often. Besides, I can't keep a house, so my life is very difficult. I even often borrow money from my friends Zhu Zhishan and Wen Zhiming. In the meantime, the famous calligrapher Wang Chong often came to help and married Tang Yin's only daughter as his wife, which became the happiest thing for Tang Yin in his later years. In the second year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1523), at the age of 54, his health was even worse. This autumn, at the invitation of his friends, he went to the Wangs' home in Dongshan. However, there are two sentences in Su Dongpo's original work: "A hundred years is strong and a half, and there will be no more pain in the future", which just touched Tang Yin's mood. He was sad for a while, and fell ill after leaving home, and soon ended his miserable life. After his death, he was buried in Taohuawu North. Jiajing moved to Hengtang Town, Wang Jiacun in 26 years. After his death, his relatives and friends Wang Chong, Zhu Yunming, Wen Zhiming and others raised funds for the funeral. Zhu Yunming wrote an epitaph of more than a thousand words, which was written by Wang Chong and engraved on a stone tablet. Most of Tang Yin's life stories in later generations were obtained from this epitaph. Tang Yin's political career was bumpy and his old age was bleak, so that his poems were almost scattered behind him. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, the poems and people admired by Changshu booksellers spared no expense to collect and sort out poems and songs for him. Fu Zi read nearly 100 poems lost by Tang Yin before his death, which made Tang Yin have the first complete collection of poems handed down from generation to generation, and Luoyang was expensive for a while. Later, a famous publishing bibliophile in Jiangnan. Jin Mao, a bookseller in Changshu, also appreciates Tang Yin's talent. When cataloging Chronicle of Poetry in Ming Dynasty and Wen Yuan in Ancient and Modern Times, he collected Tang Yin's poems and anecdotes in particular, enriching and perfecting Tang Bohu's poems and accumulating vivid cultural materials for future generations. Although there was autumn fragrance in Tang Bohu's lighting history, he and Tang Bohu lived in the middle of Ming Dynasty. But she is at least twenty years older than Tang Bohu. Chou-heung is famous in Zhang Yan and Jinling, but it is difficult for her to have an affair with herself. On the contrary, Zhu Zhishan did not know where to see Chou-heung's fan, and wrote the four verses: "Small fan jade shakes gold, Wuyun Pavilion lives in Xianju; I have read the word Chou-heung between the lines and know that it is a book by Chengdu Xuepai. " One of Tang Yin's poems is called "I Love Chou-heung", which is a Tibetan poem. I paint the blue river with water and like the maple leaves on the pavilion at night. The autumn moon shines on the Buddhist temple, and cigarettes fill the front of the building. The embryonic form of the story "Tong Pak Hu Dian Qiu Xiang" first appeared in the note novels of the Ming Dynasty, among which the story described by Wang Tonggui, a novelist of the Ming Dynasty, in My Ear is basically consistent with what we now know as "Tong Pak Hu Dian Qiu Xiang". Chen, a gifted scholar in Suzhou, is bohemian. Once, he and his friends went to Tiger Hill to play and met Chou-heung unexpectedly. Chou-heung smiled brightly at Chen Gongzi. In fact, he just smiled, and Chen Gongzi was at a loss, so he made an unannounced visit to Chou-heung. So, Chen Gongzi disguised himself and went to the official's son to be a childe's companion. Soon, Chen felt that the time had come, because he found that his two sons could not live without him, and he lied about going home to get married. The second son said, there are so many handmaids in your house, you can pick them at will. Chen Gongzi said, in this case, respect is better than obedience, so I'll order Chou-heung. Chen Gongzi got his wish and got married. This is caused by a love story, a joke and a complex. In the hands of Feng Menglong, a novelist in the late Ming Dynasty, it became a smiling marriage of Tang Jieyuan. One of the oldest and simplest stories developed from "a smile" to "San Xiao", and the plot became more complicated. Originally "Chen Gongzi lit Chou-heung", how did it become "Tang Bohu lit Chou-heung"? There are social reasons, times factors and Tang Bohu's personal reasons. As we know, Tang Bohu lived in a very developed period of economy in Ming Dynasty, and Suzhou was the central city of economic and cultural development at that time. Economic prosperity will inevitably bring ideological activity. Especially the middle and lower intellectuals at that time, their thoughts were very active. They urgently need to emancipate their minds and realize their personal ideals. In this case, middle and lower intellectuals urgently need to find spokespersons for their spirit, ideals, emotions and will. It is urgent to find a rebellious image who is unrestrained in life, dares to take the lead and dares to challenge. This found Tang Bohu, because Tang Bohu has his own informal personality characteristics. In various forms of literary and artistic works, the literati deliberately let Tang Bohu be informal and degenerate. Deliberately let Tang Bohu break into Zhumen Mansion, and make him joke with dignitaries. Deliberately let Tang marry the woman he loves and let him fight for his ideals and freedom. This is why we should put the important task of lighting Chou-heung on Tang Bohu. So, is there Chou-heung in history? Yes Chou-heung, whose real name is Lin Nuer and whose real name is Jin Lan, is Chou-heung. She is a famous prostitute in Jinling brothel. She is proficient in piano, chess, calligraphy and painting, and has indeed made some achievements in history. Tang Bohu made a reservation? Definitely not. Because according to research, Chou-heung is 20 years older than Tang Bohu. She had an unfortunate family experience and had no choice but to be reduced to a brothel. Because of his good personality, he changed his job and became a good man. Chou-heung was called "a talented woman in middle school" at that time, and her painting of Danqing was even more famous. According to the History of Painting in Ming Dynasty, "Chou-heung studied painting in Shi Tingzhi, and Wang Yuan and his son were the clearest."