Yang Xian (1819-1896), Zishan, real name, Ziweng,no. Chi Hongxuan, was born in An (now Huzhou, Zhejiang). Xianfeng five years (1855) juren. Zeng Guofan and Li Hongzhang. Used to serve in the army. After the age of 65, he retired and lived in Suzhou, reading and writing, and was famous for his poems, classics and calligraphy. Especially good at official script, he made a living by selling characters in his later years and enjoyed a high reputation in Suzhou and Shanghai. It had a great influence on the book circles in the late Qing Dynasty, even as far away as Japan.
Yang xian's official script mainly adopts China's famous inscriptions such as The Book of Rites and Ode to Shimen, and incorporates cursive brushwork. He followed the structure of ode to Shimen, and every time he opened it, he gathered, dispersed and left. Indulge in the pen, sharp and steep; If the strokes are funny, you must be interesting. When writing, pay attention to the expression of inner feelings and emotions and make full use of your personal style. It transforms the grace, quietness, dignity and elegance of the Han stele into an erratic, unrestrained and broad-minded image, which is very expressive and ornamental for literati calligraphy.
Yang Xian's official script Lin Lou Shou Bei in Kunluntang Art Museum is a paper book with four screens, 183× 44 ~ 5cm× 4. The inscription on the head of the building was carved in Xiping in the Eastern Han Dynasty for three years (174). Due to the age, the original monument was seriously damaged and the handwriting was illegible. Kang Youwei's "Guang Yi Shuang Zhou" called it "Li Bei" and "Zhang Qianbei", and said that "Lou Shou Bei is similar to Li and Zhang Qian in richness ..." The evaluation is extremely high. Although Yang Xian's temporary works are called Gu Lin, they are all based on his own creation, his own will and his own initiative. The pen is arbitrarily vertical, dry and moist, and has the feeling of cursive script. The pen collection place is often fleeting, not convergent, full of enthusiasm and interesting. Running script is also the representative work of Yang Xian's official script.
Jump off a building and escape? Simple and energetic
Appreciate Siping Yang Xian's official script.
Chen Fengzhen
In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, while Dong Qichang's calligraphy style was popular in China, some calligraphers devoted themselves to the creation of official script. Official script became a noticeable phenomenon in this period.
In the middle of Qing Dynasty, the development of official script took a new turn. There are relatively more and more calligraphers specializing in this style. In the early Qing Dynasty, a number of official calligraphers such as Zheng Zhi, Zhu Yizun, Wan Jing, Qian Daxin, Deng, Yi Bingshou, Ding Jing, Gui Fu and Chen Hongshou received extensive attention and praise. Their official script level has improved rapidly, surpassing the faithful imitation of the Han tablet and entering the level of reflecting the author's aesthetic orientation and expressing personality. Deng was not surrounded by people, but out of the pole! And has a strong personality; Yi Bingzhe is famous for being good at ancient rituals. On the basis of accurate understanding of the characteristics, he focused on grasping the simple side of the characteristics of Han steles, infiltrated his personal understanding and habits, and tried his best to strengthen and exaggerate them. Chen Hongshou won by strange risks, but it is not unusual: ... They played up a strong stroke in the calligraphy trend of stele study.
? In the process of rapid development and dissemination of epigraphy, a number of epigraphy calligraphers with unique styles such as He, Yang Xian and Zhao emerged. Their practice covered all fields of seal script, official script, regular script and calligraphy, which pushed the calligraphy of Qing Dynasty to another climax. Yang Xian is one of these people who specialize in official script.
? Yang xian, the word "mountain", "season resentment", name, Qian Weng, Chi Hongxuan. Gui 'an is from Huzhou, Zhejiang. Xianfeng five years 1855 juren. I should have failed the exam, so I went around as a staff officer, and Zeng Guofan and Li Hongzhang all participated in military affairs. After the age of 50, I was responsible for the official business of waterway transportation, from an official to a salt envoy, during which I met the Changzhou government for several months. At the age of sixty-five, I learned that Songjiang Prefecture was dismissed from office because it offended its superiors. Since then, I have been living in Suzhou, reading, writing and selling words for a living.
? John young specializes in official script in calligraphy, and is ubiquitous in Han steles, especially devoted to praising ramps, poems on Shimen and ritual steles. Because of his extensive methods, diligent practice, extremely skillful writing and obvious personal style. The four official script screens selected in this paper are john young's excellent works, which are now in Kunluntang Art Museum. These four screens depict the Lou Shou Monument in the Han Dynasty.
? A stretch, shaw untied.
Yang xian's official script, in its glyph structure, is a departure from the habit of learning Han steles in the past. It is neat and tidy, imitating Shimen Fu, with gathering, parting and stretching as its highlights. As far as possible, he adopts the simple method of tightening up and thinning down, and emphasizes the connection and contrast between density and longitudinal direction on the premise of stability, which is more obvious in the pen-skimming and long vertical pen. Because of Yang Xian's extensive coverage of Han steles, it is difficult to distinguish between a pure one and a certain genre in his works. The thin lines of this pair of mouths are vigorous and tall, revealing the spirit of "ritual monument". The degree of stretching and tenacity of the characters in figure 1 is difficult for ordinary literati to achieve. Park Mao is another feature of Yang Jianshan official script. Although there are few new words and strokes in the picture 1, they are dense and lush, and they are handled skillfully between black and white.
Second, the pen with moderate priority and free and easy jumping
Yang Xian wrote official script and respected the principle of tablet school. Write boldly and firmly, and then seek the interest of being late and the sense of frustration. Writing with a pen is the life of words, and it is a spiritual realization that a calligrapher can only understand but cannot express. Ancient calligraphers wrote immortal masterpieces because of their different understanding of using pens. One of the characteristics of these four screen bars in pen use is jumping, free and easy, and urgent. Official scripts are generally well organized and upright. I saw the official script of the mountain extending from one side to the other, and the waves were flying, turning the elegance of the Han tablet into a lively and colorful image. This phenomenon was once called cursive official script. This kind of writing is not lacking in today's shrines, and their official scripts are often better than others in breath. The four screens of Yang Xian are all the same, and no two paintings are similar. There is often a step between craftsmen and families, which is too regular to follow, and that is the accumulation of craftsmen. Art is the spark between human mind and everything, and the beauty of Li Shan's plays lies in the rich changes of lines. In Figure 3, Lin's characters stand side by side, but because of the difference between starting and putting pen to paper, they are full of charm. Prepare many words first, then pick them out with a powerful pen and put them away boldly and cleanly. The blank space between stippling further increases the inner vitality of this work. It is worth mentioning that Yang Jianshan's running script is also distinctive in style. It is light and fixed, stacked, slender, square and flat, tight or discrete, changeable and try to avoid dullness. Its boldness and elegance are in Qi Fei, the official residence. For beginners, learning to read mountain characters can't follow the gourd painting gourd ladle, and the lines of mountain characters naturally fluctuate. If imitators pursue form, they will become accustomed to it and make the characters dull.