Another name for letters, books: In ancient times, letters were generally called "books", and the so-called "family letters" refer to letters. carp, carp, fish intestine, carp element, vegetarian carp, fish element, fish element, fish seal, fish letter, fish news, fish letter, fish seal, wen scale, scale element, koi, jin element, jin scale Books: These are nicknames for letters that have the same origin as "Double Carp" and "Pisces".
Plain calligraphy: Du Fu's poem "Sending Su Huan to the Imperial Palace in Late Autumn": "Long-term guests often waste letters from friends and friends, and plain calligraphy is a bunch of Yue Fan."
Plain calligraphy : Tang Dynasty Quan Deyu's poem "Jiuhua View Banquet to Visit Cui's Seventeenth Uncle": "There is a disciple in the recording room, because Jun Da is a good calligrapher."
Su Zha: Tang Dynasty Wei Yingwu's poem "Reply to Cui Dushui" : "If you always keep silent and leave, it will be in vain to return the beautiful chapter." In vain, modest words, instructing the other party to suffer injustice.
Jiansu: Zhu Ziqing's "The Depth of Tao's Poems": "'Jiansu', that is, 'Jiansu', is a letter."
Note: It was used to inscribe poems or write letters. The exquisite small paper is called Jian. For example, Xue Tao, a female poet in the Tang Dynasty, made her own crimson small colored paper to write poems, which was called "Xue Tao's paper" at that time. Modern general stationery is also called letterhead. Because Jian is used to write letters, letters are also called Jian. For example, Lu Xun's "Collection of Letters to Wu Bo": "A note is attached. Please take this note to pick it up."
Another name for letters headed by the word "note" is:
Notes: "Chuiwanglu" written by Ye Tingguan of the Qing Dynasty: "I had to pay Ji Yan because of Hu Xinyun, and the notes were always passed, but never a single page."
Notes: For example, Yan Zhitui of the Northern Qi Dynasty Family Instructions·Fengcao": "The people of the counties and counties are competing to write papers, working together day and night (fúcòu yinfucuo), and several cases are accumulated." To converge means to gather.
Jian Jian: "Biography of Famous Flowers on the Pearl River" written by Miao Liang of the Qing Dynasty: "The Jian Jian will be returned in a few days."
Jian Jian: Zan, plain, silk, etc. are both Silk fabrics, Jian Zeng also refers to letters. For example, Xu Ling from the Southern Dynasties wrote in "A Letter to Li Na": "Take off the Hui Zian to soothe his thoughts." Thinking means suspense.
Silent and Qi: both are nicknames for letters. For example, Lu Xun's "Collected Letters to Li Bingzhong" said: "In the past ten days, it has been published and corrected almost every day, which is also sad." Shen Zuozhe of the Song Dynasty "Yu Jian": "Qin Xi became the number one scholar, Wang Yanzhang opened the congratulatory meeting "(Qin Xi, Wang Yanzhang, and Huizhi are all names). The other names of the letters composed of Jian and Qi are:
Jianzha: Li Shangyin's poem "Spring Rain": "How can Jade Jade and Jianzha be reached? A wild goose flies in the clouds thousands of miles away. "Jade earrings refer to jade earrings." Yunluo originally refers to the dark clouds that spread over the sky like a snare, but here it refers to the entire sky.
Jinsu: The poem "Huaiyou" by Zhang Yu of the Ming Dynasty: "Bringing you to enjoy the difficult times, I look forward to leaving you Jiansu."
Shuan: "Shuiji Biography" Chapter 1 Chapter 47: "Li Yingjiao invited Mr. Menguan to discuss and seal a letter."
Sealing the book: Du Fu's poem "Following the King of Hanzhong": "Sealing the book and newspaper before and after, clearly showing the kindness of the meal." ."
Zi Xia Ji" written by Li Kuangyi of the Tang Dynasty: "The Qi Han from all directions is the leader of those who are full of evil spirits" (The evil spirits refer to the gatekeepers)
Title of silence: This refers to the title of the letter, but also refers to the letter. For example, Bai Juyi's poem: "The title is silent and the overlapping words are diligent."
Sealing: refers to both closing and sealing, and also refers to letters. For example, Su Shi's "Thanks to Sun Sheren's Qi": "Don't leave decay behind, keep a secret seal after being humiliated, always be a good person, and bear a heavy burden that is difficult to repay."
Book Qi: In ancient times, it specifically refers to the relationship between subordinates and superiors. Ouyang Xiu's "A Letter to Chen Yuanwai" said: "When a subordinate reaches out to his subordinates privately, and when there is a greeting or thank you, it is said to be written in a written form." Later, it was also used as a general name for letters. For example, "Jian Deng Xin Hua·Cui Cui Zhuan": "The book was opened and piled up, and the people of Yuan Dynasty made the answer." "
Chi Shu Yin Xin
Among the words with synonyms for letters, in addition to the words "common book", "jian", etc., there are also the sounds of "chi". For example, "Chi Shu", " "Shu Chi", "Chi Shou", "Chi Shou", "Chi Yi", "Chi Yi Shu", "Chi Han", "Chi Jian", "Chi Han", "Chi Su", "Chi Bo", "Chi Yi" "Chizhi", "Chichu", "Chiti", "Jianchi", "Yinshu", "Yinmail", "Yinxin", "Yinwen", "Yinwen", etc. Here are some examples:
Chi Shu: "Han Shu·Han Xin Biography": "I am sending the book close to me to envoy Yan.
"The ancient commentaries of Yan Shi of the Tang Dynasty said: "Eight inches is called 咫, and those who are close to each other say that the slips are long, 咋, or long feet, which is a metaphor for rashness. Nowadays, it is commonly said that it is called a ruler's script, or it is called a ruler's slipper, which covers his last words. "This is the origin of "chishu" and "chishu". Ancient writings had certain specifications, such as about one foot (approximately 23 centimeters) in the Han Dynasty. It can be seen that ruler refers to the length of the letter, and later became a common name in the name of letters Words. For example, King Luo Bin's poem "The Journey in the Army is Difficult": "The wild geese are far away from each other and handing over rare books, and the mandarin ducks are held back by lovesickness. "
Book ruler: Song Dynasty Han Ju's "Sending Fan Shuqi Cilu Gongbi Yun": "I am stationed in Poyang at the end of the year and it is better to be far away. I want to use the book ruler to ask about the cold and temperature." "
Child slippers and red slippers: For example, Lu Xun's "Lace Literature: A Thought and Action": "Buy half a copy of Yuan Zhonglang's ruler slippers and write a volume of sketches. "Red is connected with the ruler, so the red slipper also refers to the letter. For example, Zang Maoxun of the Ming Dynasty wrote in "A Letter to Mao Bokang": "A single step does not travel a thousand miles, but a gift that is not sycophantic is enough, and the beautiful words are full of red slippers. "
Chi Yi Shu, Chi Yi: Chi Yi Shu is the name of the ancient imperial edict, and later also used as the name of the letter. For example, "Yu Shi Ming Yan·Zhao Bosheng Rong Si Encountered Renzong": "Thank you for repairing the ruler." First, Xichuan has the same system and approach. Another example is "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio: Empress Zhen": "Lang is trying to write a book called Chi, and I can send it by mail." "
Chi Han: For example, "Chen Shu·Cai Jingli Biography" replied to Chen Ba's first letter: "Chi Han galloped and chatted under the city, talking vigorously but winning the army. "
Called.
Chi Jian: For example, Yue Ke of the Song Dynasty's "Zhen Bao Zhai Dharma Book Praise for Wang Yanzhang Yu Wang Qi Xian Recommendation": "The existence of the ancient Tao lies in the ruler paper." . ”
Chile letter: For example, "Zhenbaozhai Dharma Book Praise: Chao Wujiu's Jinshan Poems and Postscript": "The scholars and friends who have been asked to visit and ask for help arrive with a ruler letter." "
Chi Su: For example, Zhang Jiuling's poem "Dang Tu Xingjie Sends to Pei Xuanzhou" of the Tang Dynasty: "It is difficult to pass on the turbulent events of Chi Su. ”
One foot of silk: He Jingming’s poem “A Walk on the Pond” of the Ming Dynasty: “The geese are found in the clouds, and the foot of silk conveys the sorrow of leaving.” "
Child paper: For example, "Book of the Song Dynasty. Biography of Shen Pu": "Liao Yin Chi Paper makes the ministers know the truth." "Jue, pronoun, that is, it.
Chichu: Chu is the original name of the tree. The bark can be used to make paper, so it later became the name of paper. The same meaning as "chichu" means "chi paper". For example, "Hao Qi Chuan": "Now, the old man has no choice but to repair the ruler instead of cutting down the wood. "腆(tian pronunciation adds four masters), has a rich meaning, and Fake refers to a matchmaker.
The ruler title: Song Dynasty Mei Yaochen's poem "Getting Fuzhou Cai Junmo's Esoteric Book and Tea": "The ruler title is sent to me I pity the declining old man and scrape the green tea cage and vines around him.
Jian Chi: Poem No. 91 of "The First and Last Yin" written by Shao Yong of the last generation: "Jian Chi is called Lin Xia Shi every time, and he or she wears Taoist clothes." Lin Xia Shi is a hermit.
Music book: For example, the poem "Crossing the Han River" between the Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty: "The audio book outside the mountains is broken, and winter returns to spring."
Phonetic mail: Written by Chen Xuling in the Southern Dynasties "Another Reply to Wang Taiwei from the Marquis of Zhenyang" says: "Linjiang is in charge of the general bridle, hoping for news and mail." Zongliu means to stop.
News: For example, Wang Wei's poem "Sending Secretary Chao Jian Back to Japan" says: "We are separated in a foreign land, and if the news can be communicated."
News: Yuan Zhen's "Rewarding Lotte in Early Spring" The poem "Traveling to the West Lake" says: "There are few news from our old friends, and frequent visits after returning to our dreams."
Music question: The poem "Shiliang Lake has a message" written by Liu Changqing of the Tang Dynasty: "The day of smoke and waves is far away, and the day of news is gone." Absolutely."
Another name for letters (3)
Line-scaled wild goose fish
In ancient times, it was believed that both fish and geese could deliver letters, so fish and geese became the symbols of letters. Names for letters, and nicknames for this type of letters, are a prosperous branch of the letter family. We will discuss them in categories below.
The first category is represented by Yanzu.
Yanzu, Yanzu Book: "Hanshu Biography of Su Wu" records: During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Su Wu was detained as an envoy to the Huns. Su Wu was brave and unyielding and was sent to Beihai (Lake Baikal, Russia) to shepherd sheep. . During the reign of Emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty, the Xiongnu made peace with the Han Dynasty. The envoys of the Han Dynasty requested that Su Wu be released. The Xiongnu falsely claimed that Su Wu was dead. Later, the Han envoys went to the Xiongnu. Su Wu's accompanying subordinate Chang Hui found the Han envoys at night. He asked the Han envoys to tell the Xiongnu Chanyu: The Han Emperor shot a wild goose in Shanglin Garden. There was a silk script tied to the goose's foot. The silk script said It is said that Su Wu and others are in a certain lake. The envoy blamed the Xiongnu Chanyu accordingly. The Chanyu was shocked and quickly apologized. He admitted that Su Wu and others were still there, and then released Su Wu and others to return to the court.
Later, letters were called "Yan Zu Shu" or "Yan Zu". For example, Li Shen of the Tang Dynasty said in a poem: "The fish intestines are enough to see the seal, and the land is thousands of miles away." Another example is the poem "Maoyi" written by Wang Sengru, a Liang native in the Southern Dynasties: "The ruler is in the fish intestines, and the heart is based on every inch." "Goose Foot." The poem "Send to Li Hengzhou" by Tang Dynasty poet Quan Deyu: "My master is riding far to the east, but he only wants to see the Yanzu Book in Hengyang."
The origin of the Yanzu Book was fabricated by Chang Hui. It is a myth, but according to legend, such a thing really does exist. According to the second volume of "Suspicious Yao" written by Zhang Xuan of the Ming Dynasty: During the Zhongtong period of the Yuan Dynasty, Hao Jing was sent to the Song Dynasty as the deputy envoy of Xuanwei. He was detained in Zhenzhou and did not return it for sixteen years. Hao Jing raised a wild goose. Very tame. One day, I wrote a poem on a piece of silk and said: "The dew is cold and the wind is as high as it is. Looking back, it is the beginning of spring. The emperor in Shanglin helped hand over the bow, and the tired ministers in the poor sea have silk books." (Leichen refers to the imprisoned ministers) At the goose's feet, let the goose go north. The wild geese were caught by hunters and were presented to the Lord of the Yuan Dynasty. The Lord of the Yuan Dynasty felt pity for them. Then he marched south. Two years later, the Song Dynasty died. It can be seen that Yanzu's letter was indeed true.
The other names for letters evolved from Yanzu script include: "Yanbo", "Yanshu", "Yanjin", "Yantie", "Yanfeng", "Hong", "Yanshu" "Hongyan", "Pianhong", "Yanhong", "Hongshu", "Hongxin", "Jinhong" and so on. Some examples are given below to illustrate the application of these nicknames.
Yan Shu: "Sleeping in the Boat" by Liu Guan, a Yuan Dynasty poet: "There are no wild geese and silk in recent times in Jiangyi, and there are fish traps everywhere in the water town."
Yanshu: Li Yu in the Qing Dynasty "Chinzhonglou·Chuishu": "If the book is sent to you, who will be my lover?"
Yan Jin: Ming Dynasty Xie Chen's "Four Happiness Records·Nijin Baoji": "It must be The tiger list has a high standard, so why don’t you see the distant story of Yan Jin? "The meaning of the word "jin" is detailed below.
Yan Tie: The first chapter of "Wu Tong Ye" written by Li Tangbin of the Yuan Dynasty: "Once the kindness is severed and the war continues, who will pass it down?"
Yan Feng: " "List of Different Things·Books·Shu Jian": "Wang Ying's poem: 'The wild geese fly back and break, and the carp ropes return to the river.' According to it, it is called a book."
Hong, Hongyan, Pianhong: Honghe All wild geese are wild geese. The big one is called Hong, and the small one is called Yan. Since there is a story about Dayan writing letters in "Hanshu·Su Wu Zhuan", Hong, Pianhong and Hongyan are all used as names for letters. For example, Sun Zhiwei of the Qing Dynasty wrote in his poem "De Fang Er Zhi Yue Zhong News": "I once had an appointment to travel to Wu, so it is not like being stuck in Qiantang. There have been no wild geese for many months, and there are half a dozen tigers and wolves along the way." Zhang Huangyan of the Ming Dynasty said "In Honor of Founding Duke Zheng Yu, Changhong Da Wen" : "Thousands of miles away, a carp will appear like a carp."
The carp's scales are rare, the carp's news is gone, the fish sinks, the fish sinks, the fish sinks, the fish sinks, the fish sinks, the fish sinks, the fish sinks, and the fish sinks. Shen Yanluo: They all say that there are very few or no letters.
Hongyan: refers to letters and messages. For example, Gao Ming in the Ming Dynasty wrote in "The Story of Pipa: Guaer Ling Wan": "I am afraid that the jackals will disturb me on the road, and Uncle Hongyan will not be able to reach his hometown." "Rhyme": "I hate Ge Beilong when I visit you. I received a letter from Hong and opened it with a smile."
Hongxin: "Shizhou Chunyu" written by Ershi from the Qing Dynasty: "Brothers and sisters have no kindness and Hongxin hinders them. "Guanliang" refers to passes and bridges, and by extension is a place where water and land transportation must pass.
Jin Hong: Jin Hong originally refers to Qiu Yan. Like Hong Yan, it has become a synonym for letters, but it is less commonly used. For example, Chen Weisong, a native of the Qing Dynasty, wrote in "Returning to the Capital and Farewell to the Yi Masters on their Northern Journey": "I'm afraid that in another year, Hong Li will have no books, and Jin Hong will be the young envoy."
Yu, Yu Shu, Yu Han : "Yu" is the name for bird, so "Yu", "Yu Shu" and "Yu Han" also refer to letters. For example, Zhang Huangyan of the Ming Dynasty said in "Yu Xue Shu": "The feathers are sent out suddenly, and the report is reported." The second poem of Guo Moruo's "In Memory of Sun Yat-sen": "The sky is high, the wind is clear, and the geese sound far away, sending messages to Yu Han."
Luan Han, Luan Shu: also known as letters.
Another name for letters (4)
The second category is represented by "Double Carp".
Double Carp, Pisces: There are three theories for the basis of this category. -Shuodian comes from Ancient Yuefu's "Drinking Horses in the Great Wall Grottoes": "A guest came from afar and left me a pair of carp. I cooked the carp with my son, and there was a ruler in the middle." One theory is that in ancient times, two fish-shaped carps were used. A piece of wood is used as a bottom and a cover, and the letter is sandwiched in the middle for delivery, so it is called double carp or double fish. There is also a saying that the letters are formed into carp-shaped letters.
"Double Carps" written by Yang Shen of the Ming Dynasty said: "An ancient Yuefu poem: 'The ruler is like residual snow, forming a double carp. To know what is in your heart, read the book in your belly.' According to this poem, the ancients The ruler is in the shape of a carp, which is a seal, not the wax used today. "Wenxuan" says: "A guest came from afar and left me a pair of carps." This is also the case. "Er, it's not really cooking." For example, it means to use similar things to compare and explain. This theory denies the first theory. This is because there are different opinions on the origin of the formation of words. But there is no meaning that these words all refer to letters. For example, Han Yu's poem "Send to Lu Tong": "Mr. intends to come, and even sends two carps with long beards." The poem "Golden Thread Song: Thoughts on the Death Anniversary of the Dead Wife" written by Nalan Xingde of the Qing Dynasty: "The underworld is like a pair of fishes. Send it, so that I can know who he will rely on for his joys and sorrows in the past years."
"鱼书", "Chi carp", "Carp", "fish intestines", "Carp Su", "Su Carp" , "fish element", "yuzhongsu", "yushe", "yuxin", "yuxin", "yuxin", "yushou", "wenlin", "scalesu", "koi" ", "Jinsu", "Jinlinshu", etc. are nicknames for letters that have the same origin as "Double Carp" and "Pisces". Some examples are given below to verify the application of these nicknames.
Fish Book: The poem "Recalling the Five Xiaos" written by Wei Gao of the Tang Dynasty reads: "There are no fish books coming from the Yangtze River, and they come to the Qin Dynasty to send lovesickness and dreams." "
Carp: Yuan Zhen's poem "Yishu·Zhang Xiaoshu Yuanfu": "To persuade you is to repay your love. Don't give carp as an ordinary gift.
Fish intestines: Tang Lijiao's "Su" "Poetry: "The fish intestines are far away, and the wild geese are flying on the feet of the forest."
Carp Su: "Qing Nocturne" by Liu Caishao of the Song Dynasty: "The stream in front of the door is empty and sparkling, and the carp does not spread its delicate green eyebrows."
Su carp: Wu Yuanheng of the Tang Dynasty's "Essay on Commemoration of Li Jifu": "The wind spreads the beautiful verses, and the seal opens the carp."
Yu Su; Yuan Dynasty Fang Hui's poem "Gift to Lu Xiaoqing": "Penpu is rare, Yangshan is Yaoyancheng." Penpu and Yangshan are place names.
Yu Zhongsu: The poem "Die Lian Hua" written by Yan Jidao of the Song Dynasty: "The water from afar comes from the road downstairs. After passing all the waves, I still haven't found the fish."
鱼Silk: Yuan Dynasty Zhang Yu's poem "The Sound of Zhu Huan's Compilation of Sea Roads": "Although the fish seal ruler is dense with clouds, it is pitiful when it contains empty words."
Yu Xin: The poem "Che Yaoyao" by Hu Zeng of the Tang Dynasty : "The jade pillow breaks the letter of the fish in the cold night, and the gold thread is gone in autumn, and the wild goose book is far away."
Fish news: Huang Liuhong of the Qing Dynasty's "Fu Hui Quanshu·Zi Qifu·Hou Yang Titai": "The long-awaited eagle is flying, "The Qing Dynasty's Qing Dynasty's "Yu Yu Qiu Leng Lu·Blue Sky and White Sun" written by Xuan Ding of the Qing Dynasty said: "Then I covered my lapels and went to the palace, wrapped in gold and jade hairpins, and jewels and stars. , Teng took the fish letter and folded it to make Fang Sheng."
Fish seal: The fourth fold of "Wu Tong Ye" by Li Tangbin of the Ming Dynasty: "I wrote a poem to tell God, and used it as a fish seal for the wild goose. The wind blew it in." "Changkong."
Wenlin: Wenlin refers to fish, also known as letters. Li Shangyin's poem "After writing two poems, he once again played a role as a scholar": "I used the wrong sword to stay as a distant guest, but I wasted my chance to write letters and damaged my literary scale;"
Linsu: A poem in "Reply to Xu Wengao" by Wang Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty : "The deepest part of the wild reed is full of scales."
Koi: The original meaning is carp with shining scales. Because carp refers to letters, it is used as a good name for letters. Li Yong in the Song Dynasty wrote "Congratulations". The lyrics of "The Bridegroom's Sense of the Past": "After the colorful boat flew away from Lingbo, the other Pu Linghua grew old and asked when the koi would come again."
Jin Su: The lyrics of "Bu Shuanzi" by Cai Shen of the Song Dynasty: "Wang Ji Jin Zhongshu, the intestines are broken and the fish is in the element. The Jin Su is heavy and heavy, and the fish and the wild goose are in the air."
Jin Lin, Jin Lin Shu: Jin Lin is a good name for fish, because fish can pass down letters. , so it also refers to letters. For example, Gu Qiong, a native of Shu, wrote in his poem "Jiuquanzi": "There is no place for Jinlin to spread its quiet meaning, and the spring of Haiyan orchid hall has gone again." Du Mu's poem "Spring Thoughts": "Jinyu has been crying for a long time, but the book of Jinlin has not been passed down."
Fish Jian: This is a different name for letters than the above. Yu Jian is the abbreviation of Yu Jian. Caviar paper is a kind of paper produced in Sichuan during the Tang Dynasty. The surface of the paper is frosted. Because this kind of paper is often used as writing paper, it is also called letters. For example, Ren Yu of the Yuan Dynasty wrote in "Zhaier Ling·Shu See": "The blue waves do not send fish notes, and the green quilt is cold but still carries ambergris."
Another name for letters (5)
The third category, represented by "Yu Yan", combines "Yu Shu" and "Yan Zu" to form a code name for letters.
Yuyan: For example, Ding Ling's "The Influence of the Martyrs on Me" by Ding Ling: "She traveled thousands of miles and found a new and vast world. She did not forget the old days, communicated with Yuyan frequently, encouraged allies,** *Move forward together."
"Yu Hong", "Hong Yu", "Feather Scale", "Lin Hong", "Lin Feather", "Scale Wing", "Yan Su Yu Jian", " "Se Jian Yan Shu", "Yuchang Chi Su", "Yuchang Yan Zu", "Yu Feng Yan Tie", "Yu Shu Yan Tie", "Yu Shu Yan Xin", "Yu Shu Yan Silk" etc. are related to Fish and goose are similar nicknames.
Yu Hong: Guo Moruo's "Sakura Letters" No. 37: "The man also writes letters from time to time urging him to cultivate his family gifts to comfort his loving thoughts; he will definitely be favored early, and he will always argue with his country. "Yu Hong can't help but feel a little heavy, and he hopes his parents won't worry too much." Yu Hong and Yu Yan also refer to the person who delivers the letter.
Hongyu: In a poem written by Wei Xiangshu of the Qing Dynasty, there is a sentence: "When you go to Hengyang, stop looking north, the place you care about most is Hongyu".
Linhong: Qing Nalan Xingde's "Daku·Send to Liangfen" poem: "Who can send Linhong? I think of the shadow of the branch in the end of the world, the miserable wind and bitter rain."
Linyu: They are called fish and wild geese, and then refer to letters. For example, Lin Zexu's "Book to Yao Chunmu Wang Dongshou": "The dragon sand is thousands of miles away, and it is difficult for scales and feathers to pass, but if you miss me, don't bother to respond."
Less Wings: Guan Hanqing's "Old Tune Pomegranate Flower·Regretful Farewell" "Song: "I also know that I have no hope and no news, when will I return."
Yansu, Yujian, Yanyu: "Xiangbag Ji·Tour Narrative" by Shao Can of the Ming Dynasty: " Yan Su Yu Jian, who is full of sorrow about separation? "Yan Su Yu Jian is also known as Yan Yu." For example, Wu's poem "Sending Abroad" in the Yuan Dynasty: "There is no Huang'er who sends letters home, so it is appropriate to send wild geese and fish casually." (Huang'er will talk about it below).
Yu Jian Yan Shu: Ming Shi Shu Kao's "Drunken Luo Ge·Inscriptions" suite: "A line of tears is on the embroidered skirt of the skirt, and the two characters of lovesickness are written in Yu Jian Yan Shu."
鱼Intestinal ruler element: "The preface to the collection of King Xie Teng" written by Geng Xin of the Northern Zhou Dynasty: "The fish intestine ruler element has several lines of phoenix feet. I write this thank you and will never know it all."
Yuchang Yanzu: There is a line in Li Shen's poems of the Tang Dynasty: "The fish intestines and wild geese are just enough to see the seal, and the land is three rivers and thousands of ridges away."
Yu Fengyan Tie: "Wu Sao·Bu Bu Jiao·Gui Yu" "The Xiangjiang River is exhausted, Yanshan is cut off, and the fish Fengyan Tie is cut off."
Yu Shuyan Tie: Ming Dynasty Gao Lian's "Jiangdu Spring Preface·Inscriptions" suite: "In the air, fish writes wild goose calligraphy. It makes people choke."
Fish writes wild goose on silk: "Idle Love Occasionally Send·" written by Li Yu "Qi Wan·System": "The word "Jian Jian" has an infinite original meaning. Except for "Yu Shu Yan Silk", there is no bamboo thorn style."
Yu Shu Yan Xin: " "Yongxi Yuefu · Ancient Tune Pomegranate Flower · Boudoir Thoughts": "It's always a sad parting, so this fish letter is deserted and has no trace."
These four-character nicknames are two letters. Nicknames used together.
Another name for letters (6)
Simple handwritten letters
Letters can also be divided into many types, such as official letters, private letters, casual letters, handwritten letters, Letters from home, love letters, etc. Now we will briefly introduce the other names of handwriting, family letters, text messages and notes.
1． Handwriting
Handwriting is a letter written by one’s own hand. It definitely contains the meaning of importance, authenticity and not counterfeiting, so it is often different from other nicknames for ordinary letters. For example, "Book of Han·Xue Xuan": "Feng Yi respected the order, and also recited the ten gold Dharma weights, and could not bear to use the violent seal. Therefore, the secret was written in handwriting, hoping that the king would make his own progress and retreat." The "violent seal" was revealed.
"Handwriting is also called "handwritten letter", "handwritten note", "handwritten letter", "handwritten letter", "handwritten letter", "handwritten letter", "handwritten note", "handwritten note", "footprint" "And so on. Examples are as follows:
Notes: Bai Juyi's poem "Send to Guangling Niu Xianggong in Suxiangshan Temple": "An eight-line poem of hand salute, no reason to meet but still. ”
Han Yu: Han Yu’s "Book with Liu Zhongcheng of Ezhou": "This is the same as before. I often talk about my sincerity, and I return the favor to Han Yu, which makes me even more happy."
Han Yu : "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" thirty-sixth: "(Cheng Yu) treated Xu's mother like his own mother, always giving gifts and must have a hand to open them. Xu's mother also started to answer. "
Handwriting: "Ye Huo Bian·Taiwan Province·Fang Xinyu Shiyu" written by Shen Defu of the Ming Dynasty: "The crowd in Fang Nian was incessantly shouting, and his power was solitary, so he sent out two people to support him beforehand and later. Please submit your invitations for viewing.
"
Chi Mo: "Hanyuan New Book·Dai Xianglu (Shangganzhou Zhoufu Banqi)": "Compiled Mo Chi Mo, covered with Li Cun Dan. "
Handwriting: Things written or drawn by hand are called handwriting. Therefore, handwritten letters are also called handwriting. Liu Yuxi's "Shang Du Situ Qi": "Xu Shijun, who is near this state, arrived and sent a handwritten letter. ”
Handwritten notes and handwritten notes: Articles and letters written by oneself are called “handwritten notes”; notes, diaries and letters written by oneself are called “handwritten notes”. For example, Zhang Juzheng in the Ming Dynasty’s "Book to the Governor of Jizhen": " Yesterday, I happened to see Zhao Shuai send me a note from Li Zixin. "The subtitle of Lu Xun's novel "Sad Death" is "Juansheng's Notes".
2. Letters from home
Refers to letters from home or letters sent to home after going out. Letters from home are also called "letters from home" "Family letter", "family inheritance", "family question", "family newspaper", "township letter", "township letter", "bamboo peace", "jinzi", "jinshu", "jinwen", " "Jin Zhong Shu", "Jin Zi Shu", "Huang Quan Yin", "Big Book", etc. "Family Letters" have already been cited in Guo Moruo's letter above, and other examples are as follows:
Family Letters : The poem "Wearing the Bandits Outside the Ridge" by Zhao Bian (bian pronunciation changed) of the Song Dynasty: "A letter from home is as rare as ten thousand times as much gold, and I don't know how to get back from a distant dream." "
Family questions: "Book of Zhou·Jin Dang Gong Protector's Biography": "Unexpectedly today, I have to ask all the family members, crouching on the paper and sobbing without expressing my feelings. "
Family newspaper: Li Yu's "Phantom Tower·Biography": "There is also a family newspaper from the slave family. You can send a good servant to Dongting Longguan. "
Hometown letter: Sun Daoqian's "Inscription on the Reminiscences of the Sickbed in Xiaoluo'an Crying House Sister": "As soon as I started reading the hometown letter, I burst into tears because I felt unfavorable. "
Hometown letters: refers to letters from people in hometown or family members, but mostly refers to the latter. Liu Changqing's poem "Going to the Tower with the Dukes" of the Tang Dynasty: "Looking north, there are no letters from home, and tourists traveling by car are stranded. "
Bamboo News of Peace: Duan Chengshi of the Tang Dynasty's "Sequel to the Youyang Miscellaneous Group·Zhi Zhixia" said: "Duke Wei (i.e. Li Deyu, the prime minister of the Tang Dynasty) said that only Tongzi Temple in the northern capital (i.e. Taiyuan) has A bamboo nest is only a few feet long. According to legend, the temple gangwei (the monk in charge of the affairs of the temple) uses bamboo to report peace every day. Later, the letter to the Ping An family was replaced by "Bamboo Newspaper for Peace", also referred to as "Bamboo Newspaper". For example, Han Yuanji, a Song Dynasty poet, wrote a poem in "Shui Diao Ge Tou· Xiang Shan Yun Wang Dehe": "No guest asks about life and death, but there is bamboo." Peace. "
The word Jin: a word made of brocade, originated from a sad story. "Book of Jin·The Biography of Dou Tao's Wife Su" contains: "Dou Tao's wife Su was a native of Shiping. Also, his name is Hui, his courtesy name is Ruolan, and he is good at literature. Tao, Fu Jian was the governor of Qinzhou at the time, and was moved (exiled) to Liusha (desert). Su thought about it, and woven a brocade into a palindrome poem as a gift, and read it in a loop. The words are very sad, and there are three hundred poems. Forty words, too many articles to record. Later, the letters sent by the wife to her husband were called "jinzi". For example, Fan Chengda's poem "Tao Zhong" said: "There is no brocade in the guest's sorrow, but there are lanterns in the hometown letters." "Jin Zi Shu" is also called "Jin Zi Shu", "Jin Wen", "Jin Shu" and "Jin Zhong Shu".
Jin Zi Shu: Li Bai's poem "Long Farewell": "Farewell to Spring" When I finally returned home, I saw cherry blossoms again through the jade window. There is a brocade calligraphy book, which is opened and sealed for people to review.
Brocade text: Feng Menglong's "Guazhi'er·Patience": "The brocade text is woven, and Bo Xing returns to the face." Bo Xing is like an enemy. It is a nickname used by women in the old days for the person they love.
Book of Brocade: Tang Dynasty Liu Jian's poem "Conquest of Women's Resentment": "I once sent a book of brocade with infinite meaning, why didn't Sai Hong come back?
Book of Brocade: Tang Gengmao (wei soundwei) The poem "Ancient Meaning": "The silver candle under the leaves is cold outside the window, and the song is coming from the book in the brocade. "
Huang Quan Yin: The allusion comes from "Book of Jin·Biography of Lu Ji". The Western Jin Dynasty writer Lu Ji was a native of Wu County, Wu County (now Songjiang, Shanghai). He had a very good dog named Huang Huang Er was detained in Luoyang, the capital at that time. He had not received a letter from his family for a long time, and he missed it very much. One day, he smiled and said to the dog: "My family has absolutely no letters. Can you deliver the letter?" Huang Er waggled his tail, indicating that he could. So Lu Ji wrote the letter in a bamboo slip and tied it to the dog's neck. The dog went south to find his way home, got the reply and sent it back to Luoyang. Later, he used "Huang Er" or "Huang Dog" to refer to the messenger. "Yin" refers to family letters. The second chapter of the fifth volume of Wang Shifu's "The Romance of the West Chamber": "It is difficult to convey red leaf poems without the yellow dog sound." "
Huang Quanyin is also called "Dog Shu". For example, Li He's "Recalling Changgu Mountain Residence for the Beginning of the Gift": "The dog book once went to Luo, and the crane regretted traveling to Qin. "Crane disease" means that the wife is sick.
3. Notes
Notes are relatively simple and informal letters issued by government agencies and organizations. They were also called "Zha Zi" in the past. For example, Chapter 53 of "The Scholars": "Chen Munan wrote a note and asked Chang Sui to go to the Duke's Mansion and borrow 200 taels of silver from Master Xu Jiu."
4. Cun Jian
Cun Jian is a short letter, also known as "Cun Jian", "Cun Paper", "Cun Chu", "Cun Letter", "Cun Letter" and "Cun Letter". Sometimes these epithets are also used to refer to letters sent by oneself. Here are a few examples:
Inch slips: Xia Zengyou's poem "Farewell to Wang Yibai": "Through the ages, the heart's expectations depend on the inch slips, and Jiuzhou is easy to fall into oblivion." "Heart expectations" refers to expectations and wishes. "曛" (xun sound) means dark.
Inch note: Lu Xun's "Collection of Letters to Gao Liangfuzi": "I specially write this inch note to express my gratitude." "kun" means sincerity.
Cun of paper: Qiu Jin's "Niannujiao·Send to my girlfriend, sister": "Thousands of farewell threads, separation and hatred are countless, it should be difficult to cut through an inch of paper.
Cunchu: Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Luo The outline of "Letter to the Envoys of England" states: "I am borrowing Yu's stool to repair Cunchu.
Cun Zha: "The Cut Sleeve Pian·Qinshu" by Wu Xiamen of the Qing Dynasty: "If there is an opportunity, Cun Zha will call each other.
Cun Zha: Lu Xun's "Collection of Letters·To "Li Liewen": "I sent a letter in the evening and wrote another one at night.