Since ancient times, Henan Province, located in the Yellow River Basin, has been one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation. Luoyang, Kaifeng and Anyang in China were once the capitals of the whole country and were once prosperous places. Although floods and wars in the Yellow River have destroyed the capital cities established here again and again, countless items they created have survived, so it is not surprising that the quantity and quality of Henan cultural relics are high.
Henan Provincial Museum is a provincial history museum in China. Located at the intersection of Jinshui Road and Renmin Road, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province.
The museum was founded by Feng Yuxiang on 1927 and is located in Kaifeng. 1May, 928, renamed as the National Museum. In June, 10 and 10, more than 100 figures of all ethnic groups were exhibited. Later, they successively received historical relics from Anyang and Kaifeng, including Oracle Bone Inscriptions, bronzes and other rare treasures. 1930 65438+February, Henan Museum resumed its name change. At that time, the museum displayed two parts: nature and history. This is a comprehensive museum. 1935, this collection was selected for China Art International Exhibition and exhibited in London, England.
1937 War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out, and more than 5,200 precious cultural relics were transported to Wuhan in 68 boxes and then transferred to Chongqing. 1938 Kaifeng fell, and Japanese invaders plundered bronze cannons, iron bells and other cultural relics in the name of offering copper and iron 168 pieces. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was named Henan Provincial Museum, and its main task was to assist school teaching. 1953 was designated as the geography museum. 196 1 year, the museum was moved from Kaifeng to Zhengzhou, with a new construction area of 2 1000 square meters, including 20 exhibition halls with an area of about 1000 square meters and a warehouse of 3,862 square meters. 1976 changed to Museum of History. The new building has just been built 1998.
When the museum opened on 1948, it received *** 1 19 10 cultural relics. The Kuomintang government chose 38 boxes of cultural relics originally kept in Chongqing to be transported to Taiwan Province Province. In addition, 30 boxes of 5 1 piece were handed over to the Palace Museum, and the remaining 308 pieces were transported back to the museum. 1986, there are more than 6000 pieces of1/kloc-0 in the museum, and there are 259 pieces of first-class products. Most of the collections are cultural relics excavated in this province, with distinctive local characteristics and high value. For example, the oval four-legged stone mill and cylindrical stone roller unearthed in Peiligang, Xinzheng, are food processing tools about 8,000 years ago and are typical cultural artifacts of Peiligang. Fang Ding, a bronze with a nail pattern on the animal's face and chest unearthed from the Shang Dynasty site in Zhengzhou, is 1 m high and is a large ritual vessel in the early Shang Dynasty. The square pot of lotus crane unearthed in Xinzheng County in the Spring and Autumn Period is 1.26 meters high. The bronze tripod unearthed in Xichuan County has an inscription of 84 words, which is a standard vessel for studying Chu culture. Important collections include bronze swords of dragons and phoenixes in the Warring States Period, lanterns painted by sitting people, stone reliefs in the Han Dynasty, brick reliefs and ceramic building products, Liu Gen's statue tablet in the Northern Dynasty, white porcelain Weiqi plate in the Sui Dynasty, tri-colored horses and tri-colored figurines in the Tang Dynasty, Jun porcelain and musical and dancing brick figurines in the Song and Jin Dynasties, etc.
Light of Ancient Culture in Henan is the largest and richest exhibition in the museum. There are 1000 pieces of cultural relics in the exhibition, all of which belong to the cultural relics collection. Here, cultural relics with a history of two or three thousand years can be seen everywhere. Walking along several exhibition halls, you will find that Henan is a microcosm of the whole process of the rise and development of the Chinese nation in the Yellow River Basin. Prehistoric civilization relics, Shang and Zhou bronzes, exquisite tombs of Han Dynasty, tri-colored pottery of Tang Dynasty and porcelain of Song Dynasty are all exquisite masterpieces in the exhibition.
In addition, it also has several thematic exhibitions, such as ancient jade articles in Henan, ancient architecture in Henan, bronze wares of Chu State, craft treasures of Ming and Qing Dynasties, and Jingwei (the development of ancient astronomy).
The shape of the museum is concise, powerful and imaginative. It looks like a pyramid, but it actually comes from an ancient stargazing platform built in Dengfeng City, Henan Province in the Yuan Dynasty. Inside, you will see a complete sky map painted on its ceiling. When the weather is fine, the sun shines through the roof, and people are like standing under the starry sky, full of mysterious breath.