Eunuchs' interference in politics actually reflects a universal social phenomenon.
Eunuch intervention is one of the most reviled phenomena in the history of China. As for why this phenomenon occurs, it often comes down to castration, a means of destroying people's body and mind, which causes psychological distortion to the parties. In fact, where is the abnormal eunuch as serious as people think? Many eunuchs, such as Cai Lun, who made paper, Zheng He, who sailed, and Wynn, who helped Ming Xiaozong to revive the great cause, were excellent people, so it was obviously not a human problem.
From another angle, we will find that eunuch intervention in politics, as a social phenomenon, is everywhere.
A very ordinary job.
Speaking of the eunuch profession, he leads the work of serving people around him. As for whether it should be done by castrated men, it is a special phenomenon related to polygamy.
Zhao Gao was a famous eunuch of the Qin Dynasty, the first unified feudal dynasty in the history of China. Zhao Gao, a native of Zhao, came from humble origins. Because my father committed a felony, he was not only sentenced to imprisonment, but also involved the confiscation of my mother as a government handmaiden. Then his mother had sex and gave birth to Zhao Gao.
The Eastern Han Dynasty is one of the most rampant periods of eunuchs in the history of China, and its characteristics are quite obvious, that is, eunuchs gradually strengthened their power in the struggle between the emperor and consorts, and then controlled state affairs. Eunuch autocracy in the Eastern Han Dynasty began when he ascended the throne at the age of ten. Since then, the emperors of the Eastern Han Dynasty have acceded to the throne at a young age, among which the youngest Shang emperor has just turned 100 days when he acceded to the throne, and Huan emperor is older when he acceded to the throne, but he is only fifteen years old. Whenever the little emperor came to power, because he was young and ignorant, state affairs were often in the hands of his mother, and her mother often relied on her consorts for power, which led to the situation that consorts were authoritarian. When the emperor grows up, he naturally wants to take power in person, which will inevitably form a conflict of interest with his consorts. In the struggle between the emperor and his consorts, because the emperor was lonely in his childhood, he could rely on eunuchs who lived together day and night. Once eunuchs helped the emperor gain power, they would be proud of themselves and monopolize the government. Eunuchs became more rampant in the Eastern Han Dynasty after Emperor Huan destroyed Liang Ji Group. From this to the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, eunuchs monopolized power and excluded dissidents, creating a series of incidents of partisan struggle, which not only ruined state affairs, but also almost ran through the middle and late Tang Dynasty. Groups of eunuchs forced the palace to kill the emperor, and they were authoritarian. Since Li, the so-called "old slave who oppressed the emperor", there have been Ju Wenzhen and Wang Shoucheng who forced the palace to kill the emperor, Chou Shiliang who experienced six emperors, Tian who was called the "father" of the emperor, and Yang Fuguong, Liu and others. These people were great eunuchs who were very prominent during their lifetime and notorious after their death.
Song Huizong is a famous romantic genius emperor in the history of China. He wrote and painted at the same time, but indulged in pleasure, reused eunuchs, exploited the people and neglected the war. Song Huizong was also one of the most fatuous emperors in the history of China. During his reign, eunuch power was rampant. Tong Guan and Liang Shicheng, two eunuchs whom he prized, although they did not have the name of prime minister, all had powers similar to those of prime ministers, and were called "hiding their faces" and "hiding their faces".
Tong Guan, known as "Xiang", entered the palace as a eunuch as a teenager. His father is a calligraphy and painting collector, and there are many antique calligraphy and paintings at home, which are all treasures for Huizong who loves calligraphy and painting. Tong Guan loved his heart and painted many pictures, which was appreciated by Hui Zong. Huizong set up a gold bureau in Hangzhou, toured antique calligraphy and painting, and appointed Tong Guan as a sacrificial officer. While in Hangchow, Tong Guan began to collude with Cai Jing, who came to power later. Cai Jing is good at calligraphy and painting, and is known as the best calligrapher in the world. He dedicated his own paintings and calligraphy to the emperor, and won the appreciation of Hui Zong, who was good at it. On the recommendation of Tong Guan and others, Cai Jing was easily appointed as Prime Minister. From then on, Tong and Cai began to fight against the court as two people.
Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, learned the lesson of eunuch subjugation. At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, he imposed various restrictions on eunuchs. It is stipulated that eunuchs are not allowed to study and are not allowed to be foreign ministers. They are not allowed to hold more than four posts, and an iron sign is set up outside the palace gate, which reads: "Officials (eunuchs) are not allowed to interfere in political affairs, and those who expect it will be beheaded." Therefore, the control of eunuchs in the early Ming Dynasty was very strict. After Zhu Yuanzhang's death, Ming Chengzu launched the battle of Jingnan, and then seized the throne from his nephew. Eunuchs played a great role in it, so he appointed more eunuchs and their status gradually improved. During the Xuande period of the Ming Dynasty, the eunuch school "Inner Book Hall" was formally established in the palace, and some clever little eunuchs were selected to study in the hall, and college students were sent to teach. As a result, many officials are proficient in pen and ink, and some even know Gu Xiao today and are interested in helping with writing. Whenever the emperor indulges in wine, wine and music, the emperor will ask eunuchs who wait on him to reply to the throne, which has long been called "approving Zhu". As a result, Li Si's supervisor's status is getting higher and higher, and his power is getting bigger and bigger, gradually surpassing the cabinet. With the further expansion of eunuchs' power, Ming Yingzong eunuch Wang Zhen was authoritarian.
"Long live the Lord" is the exclusive title of the emperor in feudal society, and princes and nobles are sometimes called Chitose. As a eunuch, he can be called the 9,000 years after the emperor. In the history of China, I'm afraid only Wei Zhongxian, the great eunuch of the Ming Dynasty, did such a thing.
The eunuch system in Qing dynasty began in Shunzhi period. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi, it was stipulated that the Ministry of Internal Affairs was in charge of state affairs, and a respectful room was set up as the management organization of eunuchs. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi, Emperor Yongzheng and Emperor Qianlong, they drew lessons from the previous dynasties and imposed strict restrictions on eunuchs. Eunuchs are strictly forbidden to interfere in state affairs. Such as drinking and gambling, being lazy as an official, complaining, being distracted and talking loudly are also forbidden by eunuchs. During the Qianlong period, eunuchs were also forbidden to associate with other courtiers and officials of princes and ministers.
In the 18th year of Jiaqing (A.D. 18 13), the Tianjin Uprising led by Li Wencheng and Lin Qing broke out. Eunuchs Liu Jin, Liu Decai and Yang Jinzhong were all Tianjin Christians before they entered the palace, ready to cooperate with each other and overthrow the Qing Dynasty in one fell swoop. After the uprising failed, Liu Jin and others were killed. After this change, the Qing court imposed stricter restrictions on eunuchs, stipulating that once eunuchs took up their posts, they were not allowed to return to their private houses. Offenders should be severely punished, and killing eunuchs with sticks happens from time to time. At this time, the eunuch's status was very low, the control was strict, the life was hard, and resistance was inevitable.
In the late Qing Dynasty, the imperial court was troubled by internal troubles and foreign invasion, and the situation that the empress dowager listened to politics appeared. With the support of his mother, great eunuchs like An Dehai, Li and Zhang Lan appeared. Although there was no eunuch authoritarian situation like the previous dynasty, these big eunuchs were once down a peg or two.
An Dehai was an eunuch under Emperor Xianfeng of the Qing Dynasty. In order to expand his power, An Dehai colluded with Yi Guifei, who had a strong desire for power. It happened that Emperor Xianfeng died in Jehol, and the testamentary edict Zai Yuan and Su Shun were eight ministers in charge of life, assisting Prince Zai Chun. Yi Guifei, who has been promoted as the "Western Empress", urgently needs to contact Prince Gong who is far away from Beijing in order to subdue the eight ministers and realize her autocratic purpose. An Dehai offered insurance, was beaten and rushed back to Beijing, and just became the person who communicated with Prince Gong. An Dehai also contacted military attaché s such as Shengbao, who has military power in Beijing, to support Xitai. With the strong support of Prince Gong, Sheng Bao and others, Gu ordered the minister to be killed or dismissed, and the coup after the Western Pacific was successful.
After the Western Pacific came to power, An Dehai helped the Western Pacific to remove the post of Prince Gong, who had become the deliberation king. At this point, no one in the Qing court can compete with the Western Empress Dowager. The powerful Western Empress Dowager didn't care about the same purpose of the little emperor at all, and was overbearing and arrogant. An Dehai followed closely. Not only is he not afraid of the emperor, but he often speaks ill of the emperor in front of the queen mother. Emperor Tongzhi, who was full of hatred for An Dehai, was helpless because An Dehai was the favorite of the Empress Dowager.
In the eighth year of Tongzhi (AD 1869), An Dehai left the palace with the acquiescence of Empress Dowager Cixi, thinking that Empress Dowager Cixi had bought robes and cloth. According to the ancestral system of the Qing court, eunuchs were not allowed to leave Beijing casually, and those who left Doumen were beheaded. Relying on the support of Empress Dowager Cixi, An Dehai left Beijing triumphantly, took his entourage on two big ships, pretended to be an imperial envoy, hung banners of "imperial edict" and "purchasing dragon robes", went south along the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, and soon arrived in Dezhou, Shandong Province.
The governor of Shandong Province had already received the secret order from Emperor Tongzhi to immediately arrest An Dehai and execute him on the spot. At that time, the illness of the Western Empress provided a good opportunity for the Tongzhi Emperor to get rid of An Dehai and weaken the power of the Western Empress. Shandong Governor decisively arrested An Dehai. At first, An Dehai had nothing to hide, claiming that he had been ordered by the Western Pacific to run errands. The persevering Shandong Governor executed An Dehai on the grounds that "the eunuch went out of the palace privately, violating the patriarchal clan system, and there was no court order, so there would be fraud".
Li Xianfeng entered the palace in six years (AD 1856) and became a eunuch. Clever Li is very good at grasping the opportunity to get ahead. For example, in order to please Yi Guifei, the favorite concubine of Emperor Xianfeng, he went to the brothel to observe the changeable hairstyles of prostitutes and combed the most fashionable hairstyles for Yi Guifei, thus winning the favor of Yi Guifei and becoming the small leader of the hair combing room.
In fact, eunuchs are not allowed to intervene for many reasons:
Most people dislike it, because eunuchs are not male or female, which is strange; I'm scared again. There is a saying that Yan likes to watch imps difficult and eunuchs are mostly difficult to serve. Of course, this will happen in the future, so I don't want eunuchs to have power. I am also jealous that a eunuch with no birds below is so good.
Guan Bai expressed contempt, but he was also jealous that eunuchs could get so close to the royal family in the palace. Until the Ming dynasty things factory, eunuchs can't.
I hate eunuchs most are prostitutes, maids-in-waiting, and some harem beauties, because eunuchs often make them black and blue. At that time, eunuchs were definitely masters of SM.