1. Classical Chinese reading and answers to Pu Songling's "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio"
Selected articles
Mr. Pu Liuxian's "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio" is written in a concise way , there is no trace of the meaning at all, and it is born out of various scholars, not just against Zuo Shi and Longmen. According to legend, the gentleman lived in the countryside, had no friends, and was particularly eccentric in nature. He was a teacher of boys in the village. He lived in poverty and was self-sufficient. He asked no one for anything. When I was writing this book, every morning I brought a large porcelain poppy ② with bitter tea stored in it, and a bag of tamaba wild rice ③. I placed it beside the pedestrian road, lined with reeds, and sat on it, smoking tea next to it. When you see someone who is practicing the Tao doing something wrong, you will forcefully talk to him, search for strange things and explain them according to what others know. If you are thirsty, drink some tea or offer him a cigarette, and you will definitely be able to talk freely. I accidentally heard something and came back to cover it up. This was the case for more than twenty years before this book was published④. Therefore, the writing technique is superb. (Zou Tao's "San Jie Lu Bi Tan")
Notes
(1) [Zuo Shi, Longmen] refers to Zuo Qiuming and Sima Qian. Zuo Qiuming wrote "Zuo Zhuan" and Sima Qian was born in Longmen. ②[Yīng] A bottle or jar with a big belly and a small mouth. ③[Tanba wild rice] the old transliteration name of tobacco. ④[蒇(chǎn)] Completed.
Exercises
1. Explain the dotted words in the text.
Home ( ) in ( ) place ( )
Language ( ) is ( ) square ( )
2. Compare the different meanings of the following groups of words.
① To be a boy teacher in the village ( ) ② Therefore, the writing skills are superb ( )
Anyone who has taken the Tao ( ) learns the new by reviewing the past ( )
3. Summarize the characteristics of "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio" in words:
4. What is the reason for Pu Songling's "superb writing skills"?
Reading Tips
This article tells the story of Mr. Pu Songling collecting materials when writing "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio".
Answer: 1. in; to; to place; verb, to speak; in this way; only
2. For: to assume, verb;
to, preposition.
Therefore: therefore, adverb;
Old (knowledge), noun.
3. The writing is concise, and there is no trace of the meaning. It is born out of various scholars, not only against Zuo Shi and Longmen.
4. A large number of long-term collections from the folk Organizing materials
Translation
When Pu Songling was writing this book, he carried a large porcelain vessel filled with strong tea and a pack of tobacco every day and placed it on the road where pedestrians passed by. Next to it, there was a reed mat underneath, and he sat on it and placed the tobacco next to the mat. When you see a person walking by, you must stop him and talk to him. Collect strange (stories) and tell bizarre (things). Anyone (passing by) knows anything (anything is OK); (passers-by) are thirsty, respectfully invite people to drink tea, or respectfully offer tobacco, and must make the passers-by happy before letting them stop. If I hear something by chance, I will cover it up after I get home. After more than twenty years like this, the book "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio" was completed. 2. Guangling Sanjue Zheng Man Buys Shoes First Year Supporting Textbook Extracurricular Classical Chinese Reading Answers
Original text: If a Zheng man wants to buy a shoe, he should first duó his feet, and then sit on them. Go to the market and forget to operate it. When he had already taken it, he said, "I forgot to hold on to it." Instead, he returned to take it. When he rebelled, he was dismissed from the market and could not carry out his duties. People said: "Why not give it a try?" He said: "It is better to have faith than to have confidence."
Translation: There was a man from Zheng who wanted to buy shoes. He first measured the size of his feet. , and then put it on his seat. When he arrived at the market, he forgot to bring the quantity and size. After he got the shoes, he said, "I forgot to bring the size." So he went back to get the size. When he returned, the market had closed and the shoe sellers had left. In the end, he did not buy any shoes. Someone asked: "Why don't you try on the shoes with your feet?" He replied: "I would rather believe in the measured size than my own feet."
Zheng people buying shoes is an idiom. , is another allusion, and even more a fable, telling the story of the people of Zheng who could not buy shoes because they believed in "measures" too much. It tells people to seek truth from facts when encountering problems, to be flexible and not to stick to dogma.
Guangling Sanjue
[Original text]
Ji Zhongsan was about to be punished in Dongshi. His expression remained unchanged, so he played Guangling San on his qin. At the end of the song, he said: "Yuan Xiaoni asked me to learn this prose, but I, Jin Gu, refused to accept it. "Guangling San" is now extinct!" Three thousand students from Taipei University wrote to him, asking him to be his teacher, but he refused. King Wen also regretted it.
[Translation]
Ji Kang, the doctor of Zhongsan, was about to be executed in Dongshi. His expression remained unchanged and he asked for a guqin to play. The song he played was "Guangling San" 》. After playing it, (Ji Kang) said: "Yuan Zhun once asked to learn this piece of music, but I was very stingy and refused to teach it to him. From then on, "Guangling San" became unheard of!" (At that time) there were three thousand people. A student from Imperial College wrote a letter requesting Ji Kang to be his teacher (wanting to use this method to save Ji Kang), but (the court) did not allow it. (After Ji Kang was killed) Soon, King Wen Sima Zhao also regretted it. 3. Liu Sheng, rescue people in the river
Liu Sheng, rescue people in the river. Zu Min, the sixth generation, served as the crown prince's Taibao in the later Zhou Dynasty. Futan, the princess of Shanghezheng, the official and the servant of the minister. In the twelfth year of Sheng's reign, his father died and he was filial piety. In the imperial palace of Emperor Daizong, the envoys, princes, and other kings studied under Wu Daguan and his son Tongxuan, and led them to study for ten days. As soon as he was established, he ordered Da Guan and others to teach him at home. I would like to pay my respects to the Chancellor of the school.
De Zongli, Sheng Qianxin and trustworthy people. Zhu Si rebelled and went from the emperor to Fengtian. He invited himself to the capital to speak to the traitors and suppress them. The emperor strengthened his ambition and was dispatched. Si General Guo Chang, the right general, and Zhang Guangsheng, the left general, were both dignified. Therefore, Sheng issued a secret edict. Chen Fufu was disobedient and often obeyed the edict. Zhu Jichang was wanted to report his plot, and he was arrested in Sheng and Chang Wai Prison. In the middle of the night in Sheng, he destroyed his weapons and died. His hair was cut off and turned into a pagoda. Chengyu returned to the capital and was promoted to the chief historian of the former prince's palace. Wu Tongxuan was offended, and Sheng wrote a letter to express his guilt. His younger brother stopped and said: "The emperor is angry and has no regrets!" He refused to listen. If you write three letters, the emperor's will will be understood, and your death will be reduced if you understand the mystery.
Sheng Lei moved to serve as a young eunuch to protect Chongling. He was granted the title of Son of Hedong County and was granted the title of Jiedu Envoy of Shannan West Road. The soldiers of the government attacked Liu Pi and returned, but without knocking on the city, he ordered to garrison Zizhou again. The military officer was angry and threatened the supervisor to rebel. When Sheng heard about it, he quickly drove the soldiers in, and then asked: "What is success if we wait?" He said: "Punish the arrogant people who are not ordered to do so." Sheng said: "If you know that Liu Pi offended the emperor and punished him, why would you want to use it again? Are you going to punish Ruo?" The soldiers all bowed and moved away from where they were. Become a general and serve as a prisoner. The Uighurs were sent to the Uighurs and appointed Khan, and he said: "I heard that the Khan was rude and arrogant, so I went to trust and strengthen myself. If you can't do the rituals and trust, how can you serve China?" All the nobles of the Khan were shocked and knelt down. present. He was also the general of Zuojin Wuwei, and his title was Duke. He died at the age of sixty-nine. He was ordered to pay tribute to the crown prince Shaobao as a gift.
Sheng was good at debating, and a lowly scholar was willing to give. However, when he entered the dynasty in the Xingyuan Dynasty, his contribution was not as good as the imperial edict. He was impeached by Lu Tan, the censor. 4. Classical Chinese reading. Li Anmin, the successor of Lanling. Reading answers
Li Anmin, the successor of Lanling in the Southern Song Dynasty, his father Li Qinzhi was a general in the palace and supplemented Xue Ling. He fought hundreds of battles and achieved outstanding achievements. From official position to permanent attendant and prefecture, he remains as before, and after his death he is granted the title of marquis.
Li Anmin is from Lanling Chengdi. My grandfather was named Yi, and he served as a guard and joined the army. His father's name was Qinzhi. He once served as a general in the palace and was later appointed as the magistrate of Xuexian County. Anmin followed his father to the county. In the 27th year of Yuanjia's reign, he was trapped among the northern captives. He led his men to save themselves and returned to the south. In the early days, Anmin was allowed to lead the army. He surrendered to the righteous army and was ordered to serve as General Jianwei and to serve as Lu Shuang's left army. When Lu Shuang rebelled, Anmin fled back to the capital, granted him the title of leader and joined the army, and was promoted to Lieutenant General of Zuowei Palace. During the next year, the Northern invaders invaded Xu and Yan, and appointed Anmin as Sima of Jianwei Prefecture and magistrate of Wuyan County. He was appointed as the general in the palace and led the army to attack the bandits who were attacking each other in Mochuan area. 5. Answers to reading the classical Chinese biography of Hao Jingchun
Translation for reference:
Hao Jingchun, courtesy name Heman, was from Jiangdu. He passed the provincial examination and was awarded the Yancheng teaching. He was dismissed and returned home because of his fault. He was appointed as the Wan Shou Supervisor of Yuanma Temple in Shaanxi Province, and was later transferred to Huangzhou Zhaomo to act as agent for Huang'an County affairs. Three days after taking office, peasant rebels suddenly came to attack the city. Jingchun and others held on for eight days and eight nights before the rebels withdrew.
In the eleventh year of Chongzhen (1638), he was promoted to magistrate of Fang County. Luo Rucai, leader of the Peasant Rebel Army, led nine battalions to ask Xiong Wencan to surrender. Wencan agreed to surrender, but Rucai hesitated again. Jingchun rode alone to the rebel barracks to persuade him, and formed a blood alliance with Rucai and his accomplices Bai Gui and Hei Yunxiang. Rucai surrendered at the Wencan Army Gate, and his battalions were stationed in Zhuxi Valley, Baokang, and Shangjin. You, Gui, and Yunxiang were stationed in the suburbs of Fang County.
At that time, all the city walls in Yunyang counties were destroyed. Only Fang County relied on Jingchun's appeasement and could generally be defended. However, the rebels were everywhere, and the residents were restless day and night. Jingchun, chief secretary Zhu Bangwen, and guard Yang Daoxuan repaired the fortifications on the one hand, and lived in harmony with the rebel camps on the other.
In May of the twelfth year of Chongzhen (1639), Zhang Xianzhong raised troops in Gucheng to rebel against the Ming Dynasty, and asked Rucai to join him. Hao Mingluan, the son of Jingchun, was still a soldier and had the courage to defeat ten thousand men. He said to his father: "The city of Fang County is an enemy attack target. There are only 200 tired and thin soldiers. How can we hold the city?" He put on his armor and went to see him. Rucai said, "Don't you remember the oath you made with my father when you burned incense? I hope you will be careful and don't make trouble with Zhang Xianzhong." You promised falsely. Mingluan realized that Rucai's promise was not sincere, so he came back and led the troops to defend the city with Daoxuan. However, the forwards sent by Xianzhong had already arrived at the city. Mingluan and other generals from the rebel army went to Tianlong and sent envoys to Xiong Wencan for help. They went fourteen times but did not see Wencan.
Soon, the rebel brigade arrived at the gate of Fangxian County and presented their loyal soldiers with white flags, while Rucai's team waved red flags. Suddenly the two armies joined together and attacked. The rebel generals Bai Gui and Hei Yunxiang shouted to the city: "Give the city to us and make sure nothing happens." Xianzhong also ordered Zhang Dajing to persuade him to surrender. Jingchun cursed in the city, kept guard and fought for five days and five nights. The rebels suffered a lot of losses. Xianzhong's left foot was injured and his beloved horse was also killed. The defenders commanded Zhang Sanxi to open the north gate and let Rucai enter the city. The city was captured and Daoxuan died in the street fighting. Dajing prompted Rucai to persuade Jingchun to surrender, but Jingchun refused. He also asked him where the property was in the treasury, and Jingchun said sternly, "If there is still property in the treasury, you can't break the city!" The rebels killed a Dianshi and a guard to intimidate him, but Jingchun refused to give in and was killed together with his son Mingluan. kill. His servants Chen Yi and Zhu Bangwen's family all died. When the imperial court heard about it, they presented it to Jingchun Shangbao Shaoqing, who built a temple to worship it, and later gave it to Taipu Temple Shaoqing. 6. Reading answers to the classical Chinese biography of Wang Fu
Wang Fu, whose courtesy name was Chuyang, was from Gu'an. In the seventh year of Zhengtong (1442), he passed the imperial examination. The Criminal Division was assigned to Shizhong. He has a loud voice, a beautiful appearance, and is good at expressing his ideas. Promoted to General Political Councilor. He also invaded the capital first and invited ministers to go out to meet the emperor. No one dared to go, so Wang Fu asked to go. So he was promoted to Youtongzheng, acting as Minister of Rites, and went with Zhao Rong from Zhongshushe. The enemy showed their swords and threatened them, but Wang Fu and others were not afraid of this. After returning, he still served as general affairs officer and was promoted to general affairs envoy.
In the first year of Chenghua (1465), Yansui's general officer reported that he was pursuing and attacking the Hetao tribesmen, and the emperor issued an edict to reward them. Wang Fu believed that it was inappropriate to travel seven hundred miles to fight, and was worried about provoking disputes in the hope of unexpected success. He asked for an edict to warn Xiaoyu. The emperor thought he was right. Promoted to Shangshu.
Chen Jue, who lives in a rich family, was originally a painter. When he died, his nephew Chen Xi asked to inherit Baihu. Wang Fu said: "Although hereditary inheritance is an order of the late emperor, it is not a military achievement and should not be allowed." So he stopped.
Maoli children invaded the border, and the emperor ordered Wang Fu to return to the capital to inspect Shaanxi's border guards. From Yansui to Gansu, he observed the terrain and said: "Yansui starts from the bank of the Yellow River in the east and ends at Dingbianying in the west, lingering for more than 2,000 miles. The dangerous passes are all in the interior, and there are no barriers outside the border. They can only be reached by forts. Defense. Instead, the army is stationed inside, but the people live outside. Once the enemy enters, the people have been plundered before the army arrives in Qingyang, which is more than 500 miles away, and the beacon fire cannot be connected. When it arrives, the people don't know yet. Please move the 19 fortresses such as Fugu and Xiangshui to important places close to the border, and move them every 20 miles from Anbianying to Qingyang and from Dingbianying to Huanzhou. Build one pier, totaling thirty-four, and build trenches and walls according to the terrain to make it easier to defend and resist." After the memorial was presented, the emperor followed his advice.
Wang Fu was reassigned to the Ministry of Industry. Wang Fu strictly abides by laws and regulations, and his reputation exceeds that of the Ministry of War. At that time, the Zhongguan asked for the construction of a corridor to the northwest of the imperial city, and Wang Fu proposed to slow down the matter. Gao Fei also said that disasters are frequent and it is not appropriate to force tens of thousands of people to do useless things. The emperor did not allow it. The lieutenant-general leading the Tengxiang Fourth Guards requested to be given cotton jackets and shoes and trousers. Wang Fu insisted not to allow it, saying: "The imperial court made these things originally for the soldiers on the expedition, so that they could set off today without having to bother to sew them. The Beijing army provides cloth and cotton for winter clothes every year. This is an established system. How can it be done?" Can it be changed?" After Daying Dharma King Keshiba passed away, Zhongguan asked to build a temple and a pagoda. Wang Fu said: "The compassionate Dharma King only built pagodas and not temples.
This system should not be created now. " So he just ordered the tower to be built and sent 4,000 soldiers to serve him.
Wang Fu likes ancient books and loves learning. He abides by the code of integrity and restraint. He has no city government when interacting with others. When he is an official, he knows the general situation and works at work. After serving in the ministry for twelve years, something unexpected happened. The admonishment officer said that he was old, and Wang Fu asked to retire. Two months later, the admonition officer impeached Wang Fu again, and the emperor ordered him to resign and return home. After his death, he was given to the crown prince Taibao, with the nickname Zhuang Jian. 7. Classical Chinese text Wang Can, Wang Xizhi's translation and answer (Reading Storm
Jin Wang Xizhi, courtesy name Yi Shao, also known as Kuangzi. He was good at writing at the age of seven. Xizhi saw the previous generation's "Bi Shuo" on his father's pillow and read it secretly. His father said, "Why did you steal my secret?" When the father saw that he was young, he was afraid that he would not be able to keep it secret. "I will teach you when you are an adult," Xi said. When the month is not full, the book will be greatly improved. When Mrs. Wei saw it, she said to Taichang Wang Ce, "You must see "Yongbi Jue". If you see his book recently, you will have mature wisdom." "This son will hide my name." When the emperor of Jin Dynasty offered sacrifices to the northern suburbs, he made a new blessing plate, and the workers cut it into three parts. He was good at calligraphy at the age of seven. When he was twelve years old, he saw the ancient "Bi Shuo" on his father's pillow and stole it to read. His father (after discovering it) asked: "Why did you steal my secret book?" Wang Xizhi laughed and didn't answer. His mother said: "Look at "Bi Shuo"." When his father saw that he was young, he was afraid that he would not be able to keep the secret, so he said to Wang Xizhi: "When you grow up, I will teach it to you." Wang Xizhi sincerely asked his father: "Now. Just give it to me. If I wait until I grow up, I will probably bury my childhood talent." My father was very happy, so he gave it to him. Within a month, his calligraphy had improved greatly. After meeting Mrs. Wei, she was very interested in taking responsibility. Wang Ce, an official, said: "Xizhi must have read "The Theory of Bi". Recently, I have read his calligraphy, and he has gained wisdom." With tears in his eyes, he said, "This kid will definitely be more famous than me." During the reign of Emperor Jin , the imperial court held a sacrificial ceremony in the northern suburbs. When changing the blessing board, the workers peeled off his characters and penetrated into the wooden board for three thirds. 8. Answers to the classical Chinese reading of Pan Fan's characters and Tingfang
Zhong Fan (1438-1516) Years), courtesy name Tingfang, also known as Pan Fan, was born in Chongde County, Jiaxing Prefecture (now Tongxiang County, Zhejiang Province), Zhejiang Province, and was the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, governor of Sichuan, and censor of Zuodu in the Ming Dynasty.
< p> Pan Fan assumed the surname of Zhong in his early years and later changed it. In the second year of Chenghua, he was promoted to Jinshi and served as the head of the Ministry of Punishment. Qian Neng, the governor of Yunnan, was impeached by the governor Wang Shu, and Pan Fan was ordered to investigate. , he was promoted to the post of governor of Yunyang Prefecture. Later, he was promoted to the post of Chief Envoy of Shandong and Chief Envoy of Huguang. In the ninth year of Hongzhi, he was appointed as the right deputy censor of the capital to patrol Sichuan and concurrently served as the commander-in-chief of Songpan Military Affairs. In the 14th year of Hongzhi, he was promoted to the censor of the right capital and the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi. Later, he was promoted to the censor of the left capital. He pacified the Guishan opera thieves Gu Sanzai and Tang Dahuan, and was demoted in the third year of Zhengde. Guard Suzhou. He died six years later.