Second, expand the scope of knowledge:
1, Poet Fairy-Su Shi
Su Shi's poems are free, fresh, vigorous and unique, and are called poetic immortals. Su Shi (1037 65438+10.8-18.24), a native of Meishan, Meizhou (now Meishan, Sichuan), was one of the "Eight Great Writers of Tang and Song Dynasties" in China. His poetry, ci, fu and prose all have high achievements, and he is good at calligraphy and painting. He is a rare all-rounder in the history of literature and art in China, and he is also recognized as one of the most outstanding literary and artistic attainments in the history of China for thousands of years. His prose and Ouyang Xiu are called Ou Su; Poetry and Huang Tingjian are called Su Huang and Lu You is called Sulu. Ci and Xin Qiji are collectively called Su Xin; His paintings started the Huzhou School of Painting. There are more than 3,900 existing poems, among which the representative works are Mid-Autumn Festival, Fu on the Red Wall, Nian Nu Jiao and Nostalgia on Red Cliff.
2, Wen Bajiao-Wen
He has great wit. Every time he takes an exam, the eight-pronged hand becomes eight rhymes, and he is called "Wen Bajiao". Wen (about 812-866) was a poet and poet in the Tang Dynasty. Real name Qi, word Fei Qing, Taiyuan (now southeast of Qixian County, Shanxi Province) Qi people. Rich in genius, quick thinking, every time he enters the exam, he puts the official rhyme into eight rhymes and eight forks, so he is also known as the "literary octagon" But relying on talents is unruly and good at mocking powerful people. He has made many taboos and hates this era. Therefore, scholars who have repeatedly cited non-first scholars have long been demoted. Guan Zhong, Guo Zi's teaching assistant. Proficient in melody Gong, as famous as Li Shangyin, is called "Wen Li". His poems are gorgeous, elegant and exquisite, and the content is mostly female feelings. He is superior to other poets in the late Tang Dynasty in artistic achievements of Ci, and he is the leader of Huajian School, which has had a great influence on the development of Ci. In the history of Ci, he is on par with Wei Zhuang and is called "Wen Wei". There are more than 70 words. Later generations compiled Wen Fei Qing Ji and Jin Yun Ji.
3, Mid-Levels Old Man-Wang Anshi
Wang Anshi (102 1 year1February 81May 2, 0861day), a native of Linchuan (now Linchuan District, Fuzhou City, Jiangxi Province), was a famous thinker and thinker in the Northern Song Dynasty. Li Qing two years (1042), Wang Anshi Jinshi. He has successively signed judges in Yangzhou, magistrate in Yinxian and judge in Zhou Shu, and achieved remarkable results. In the second year of Xining (1069), he served as a political commissar, met with the Prime Minister the following year and presided over the political reform. Because of the opposition of the old school, Xining went on strike for seven years (1074). A year later, Song Shenzong was put into use again and retired to Jiangning. In the first year of Yuan You (1086), the Conservative Party gained power and all the new laws were abolished. Yu Ran died in Zhongshan (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) and gave it to a teacher. Shao Shengyuan (1094) was named "Wen", so he was called Wang Wengong. Wang Anshi devoted himself to the study of Confucian classics and wrote books, which was praised as "learning Confucianism", initiated "learning Gong Jing" and promoted the formation of the style of study in the Song Dynasty. Philosophically, the formation of the universe is explained by the theory of "five elements", which enriches and develops the thoughts of China and ancient naive materialism. His philosophical proposition of "dividing the old from the new" pushed China's ancient dialectics to a new height.
Wang Anshi has made outstanding achievements in literature. His prose is clear, logical and persuasive, which gives full play to the practical functions of ancient Chinese prose. The article is concise, short and pithy, and ranks among the "eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". His poems are "thin but difficult to learn from Du Fu" and good at reasoning. In his later years, his poetic style was subtle, profound and simple, and he was unique in the poetic style of the Northern Song Dynasty, and was known as "Wang Ti" in the world. There are Wang Linchuan Collection and Linchuan Collection.
4. The Soul of Poetry-Du Mu
Du Mu (803- 852) was born in Fanchuan, Mu Zhi, Han nationality, Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi, Shaanxi). Du Mu was an outstanding poet and essayist in Tang Dynasty, the grandson of Du You, the prime minister, and the son of Du You. Tang Wenzong Daiwa was a 26-year-old scholar in the second year and was awarded the post of Hong Wen Pavilion. Later, he went to Jiangxi to inspect the ambassador's tent, and then turned to Huainan to inspect the ambassador's tent. He was the editor of the National History Museum, the food department, Bibi department and Si Xun, and the secretariat of Huangzhou, Chizhou and Zhou Mu.
Because he lived in South Fan Chuan Villa in Chang 'an in his later years, he was later called "Du Fanchuan" and wrote "Collected Works of Fan Chuan". Du Mu's poems are famous for their seven-character quatrains, and the main content is to chant history and express emotion. His poems are handsome and natural, and cut into secular things. He achieved great success in the late Tang Dynasty. Du Mu is called "Xiao Du" to distinguish it from Du Fu and "Da Du". Also known as "Little Du Li" with Li Shangyin.
5. Little Du Li-Li Shangyin. Du Mu
Li Shangyin (about 8 13-858), born in West Henan (xi), Fan Nansheng, originally from Hanoi, Huaizhou (now Qinyang, Henan), and his grandparents moved to Xingyang (now Xingyang, Zhengzhou, Henan). A famous poet in late Tang Dynasty.
In the second year of Tang Wenzong (837), Li Shangyin became the first scholar, and served as secretary of the provincial school, bookkeeper of the school and commander of Hongnong. Because he was involved in the political whirlpool of "the dispute between Niu and Li", he was excluded and frustrated all his life. In the last years of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (about 858), Li Shangyin died in Zhengzhou and was buried at the foot of Beishan Mountain in Dongyuan Tsinghua. His ancestral home was Yongdian, Huaizhou (now Wangzhuang Town, Qinyang Mountain). Li Shangyin was one of the few poets who deliberately pursued the beauty of poetry in the late Tang Dynasty and even the whole Tang Dynasty. He is good at poetry writing, and parallel prose has high literary value. He was called "Little Du Li" with Du Mu and "Wen Li" with Wen. His poems are novel in conception and beautiful in style, especially some love poems and untitled poems are touching, beautiful and moving, and are widely read. However, some poems are too obscure to be solved, and there is even a saying that "poets always love Quincy and hate that no one writes about Jian Zheng".
Mid-Levels Old Man (Anshi, Wang Song)
Poetic Soul (Du Mu) Little Du Li (Li Shangyin Du Mu)