China's traditional Chinese painting, what is the meaning of "book" in "poetry, painting, calligraphy and printing"

Defengtang answers calligraphy, hoping to help friends.

Calligraphy is not only the carrier of characters in China culture, but also gradually formed characters from Oracle Bone Inscriptions's engraving of symbols. Chinese characters have been unified through the calligraphy styles of Shu, Da Zhuan, Xiao Zhuan, Li, Wei and Kai. The writing rules of Chinese characters include holding a pen, using a pen, stippling, structure, distribution, style and so on. Its artistic features are recognized as the same origin of painting and calligraphy. In the long river of history, many calligraphers have emerged, such as Li Si's Da Zhuan, Cheng Miao's Official Law to Cai Yong, Zhong You, Zhang Zhi, Er Wang, Ou Yan, Liu, Zhao to Su, Huang, Mi, Cai and so on. They all show different artistic styles, and their works handed down from generation to generation are treasures left to the world and models for people to learn. The ancient people's ability to control the writing brush reached perfection. Practice has proved that it is absolutely impossible to write calligraphy well without years or even decades of hard work. Therefore, it won people's love. Many ancient painters were also famous calligraphers. The most famous ones are Zhao Mengfu in Yuan Dynasty, Dong Qichang, Shen Zhou and Wen Zhiming in Ming Dynasty, Jin Nong and Zheng Banqiao in Qing Dynasty, Zhao, Wu Changshuo and Qi Baishi in modern times, all of whom are masters of calligraphy and painting. No matter whether the painting is poor or long, it shows the author's superb artistic level and makes the work more perfect. For a Chinese painting, it is often called "bookish spirit" to combine the poetry and beautiful style in the painting, push the meaning of the work to a deeper level and make the work more complete. Calligraphy and painting complement each other, which can not only enrich the content of the picture, but also expand the realm of the picture and give people more beautiful enjoyment. The level of combination of painting and calligraphy is the basic condition to distinguish the quality of works, and it is also the difference between one product, one product, one product, one product and one product. This is what western painting does not have, and this is another main feature of Chinese painting. After the exploration of many literati in Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties, the mutual integration of Shen Zhou, Tang Yin, Zheng Xie, Huang Shen, Shan Li, Li, Wang, Gao Xiang in Ming Dynasty reached a peak in history, and the "four musts" represented by masters such as Zhao, Wu Changshuo and Qi Baishi in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. Ma Dechun, a painter, said in his paper: "Inscriptions and inscriptions on works not only play the role of pointing and explaining, but also enrich the artistic composition of the picture, deepen the interest and implication of the picture, stimulate the imagination of the viewer and increase the literary and historical charm of the picture. It is a compulsory course for painters and painters, and it is a problem that cannot be ignored in painting and calligraphy creation. In a sense, the quality of the inscription is the touchstone to distinguish whether it can be called an artist. "