Seal script is the oldest script in China. Broadly speaking, seal script should include pre-Qin Oracle Bone Inscriptions, bronze inscriptions, Wen Tao, Mongolian, bamboo and silk, seal script, coins, stone carvings, Qin seal script, Han seal script tablet, bronze inscriptions, Three Kingdoms and Southern and Northern Dynasties. After Qin Shihuang unified the world, he abolished the chaotic six-nation script and popularized Qin's Xiao Zhuan, so Xiao Zhuan was also called. Qin Zhuan took "Stone Carving on Mount Tai" and "Stone Carving on Langxietai" as examples. The writing in "Carving Stone on Mount Tai" is solemn and neat, while "Carving Stone on Langxietai" is a bit vivid and over-polished. The original stone carved in Yishan has been lost, and now the rubbings reproduce the Song Dynasty. Seal cutting is more vivid than Li's in Tang Dynasty, and it is not as heavy as Qin and Yuan Dynasties. Due to the short production time, the Qin Zhao edition was hastily chiseled, so the characters are scattered in size and the brushwork is thin and vigorous, which is very vivid. Inscriptions and inscriptions in the Han Dynasty are the continuation of its style, which opened up a new realm for later scholars. In the Han Dynasty, official script replaced seal script with its simple writing method and became a popular script. However, seal script is still used in many occasions, leaving behind works that have great influence on later generations, are extremely rich and have the characteristics of the times. The inscriptions in the Han Dynasty are represented by Yuan 'an Monument, Sangong Mountain Monument and Shao Shi Queming in Songshan Mountain. Yuan inherited and developed, and its style was round and clear, which was highly praised by later generations. Many words in "San Gong Shan Bei" are ambiguous. Judging from the recognizable characters, its seal cutting method is very special. Shao Shi's desperate seal method is easy. There are many characters in the three stone carvings, which is convenient for learners to master their styles. There are various styles of inscriptions in Han Dynasty, among which Zhang Qianbei's seal script is the most distinctive. Its structure is wide and flat, and its layout is densely interspersed, which is rather vague. The inscriptions on bronze in the Han Dynasty must be called [inscriptions on bronze in the Han Dynasty] to distinguish it from those in Shang and Zhou Dynasties. There were many lettering in Jialiang in Xin Mang period, which was the same as Xiao Zhuan of Deng School in Qing Dynasty. From the Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Yuan Dynasty, it can be said that seal script declined, and popular characters developed into more practical regular script and running script than official script. Seal script has long been unfamiliar to ordinary people. Although Li, a master of seal script, appeared in the Tang Dynasty, and Zhao Mengfu, a painter and calligrapher in the Yuan Dynasty, was also good at seal script, it was rare after all. Without a huge corps, the top management can't compete with the era when seal script prevailed. Official script is the main style of calligraphy in Han Dynasty. The appearance of official script can be traced back to the Warring States period. According to previous records, official script is a vulgar word used by Qin disciples, which was created by Qin prison official Cheng Miao. In fact, the emergence of various fonts has its social and political roots, and it is produced and developed with the development of society, not an invention of one person. However, this record can show that this kind of vulgar character-official script is very popular among the disciples of the Qin Dynasty. After Qin Shihuang unified China, in order to consolidate the feudal regime, establish centralization and implement unified measurement. Lishu is a seal script, and the Langyatai engraving and Qinshan stone carving preserved to this day were the standard characters at that time. During the reign of Qin Shihuang, imperial edicts were engraved on various measuring instruments. Due to the short time of seal cutting, we can't stick to the circular strokes and strict posture of seal cutting, so we use strokes that tend to be horizontal and vertical, which is convenient for writing and seal cutting. This practice of turning a circle into a square, turning an arc into a straight line, and folding the pen at the transition without turning the seal script into a pen is indeed much faster and more convenient than the writing and cutting of seal script. It can be seen that even the imperial edicts of the ruling class at that time had to use convenient and quick calligraphy in some cases. In fact, this new style of calligraphy has long been produced and popular among the people, but it has not been recognized by the supreme ruler. Han Dynasty was the rising period of feudal society. In the early Western Han Dynasty, the gradual recovery of agricultural economy, the development of handicrafts, the prosperity of commerce, the unification of the country and the development of local transportation all contributed to the corresponding development of writing. In this way, official script has been widely used and gradually replaced the position of seal script. According to the needs of society, official script not only becomes round and square, but also simplifies the strokes. But strictly speaking, this is not a typical official script, it should be the text in the transition period from seal script to official script. Regular script began at the end of the Han Dynasty and reached maturity through the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, reaching a climax in the history of books. The Sui Dynasty ended the division of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, completed its historical mission, and returned to reunification after years of division. The system of selecting scholars in imperial examinations began in Daye years, and calligraphy (mainly regular script) became one of the criteria for selecting scholars. Fashion is bound to become the goal of the whole world. Therefore, more and more attention has been paid to the study of regular script. How to be a good character and how to write it well has become a research topic. Only ten years after Li Yuan established the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong began the rule of Zhenguan, suppressed martial arts and made great efforts to govern. All aspects are on the right track, inheriting the imperial examination system of the Sui Dynasty in terms of employing people, and perfecting it as much as possible, and formulating quite complete laws and regulations to eliminate the disadvantages to the maximum extent. In the art of calligraphy, this is naturally the standard, forming the trend of the times. The greatest achievements at that time were Ou Yangxun, Yu Shinan, Chu Suiliang, Xue Qi and others. Many of their famous monuments have been handed down from generation to generation, which is enough for calligraphy. The inscription of Liquan in Jiucheng Palace, the birthday tablet of Huangfu, the tablet of Confucius Temple, the tablet of Master Meng, and the tablet of Buddhist believers were all representatives at that time, and they have been in French since then. Others, such as Yin Lingming, Zhao Mo, Jing Ke, Wang Zhijing, Li Xuanzhi, Zhuge Simiao, Pei Shouzhen, Wang Xingman, Ouyang Tong, and Gao Gao, are all famous artists. Later, Yin Xuanzuo, Wei, Yan Zhenqing and Lu Xiuyan also left many works, among which Yan Zhenqing's contribution was outstanding. As far as the inscriptions he left behind are concerned, under the condition that the style is generally unified, each period and each inscription are different and have their own characteristics, which shows that he is pursuing endlessly.
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