First, think about the differences in calligraphy appreciation.
The ancients said, "Books are paintings of the heart". The birth of a calligraphy work is undoubtedly the expression of the author's feelings, interests and wishes more or less, either explicitly or implicitly. The reason why any excellent calligraphy works have strong artistic appeal is that it reflects the author's unique spirit and rich inner world with the help of the dancing of lines. Russian philosopher plekhanov once said: "Art not only expresses people's feelings, but also expresses their thoughts, but it is not abstract, but vivid." . As far as calligraphy is concerned, black and white works are static, but they show vivid life images. However, all this seems to be static and needs the appreciator to feel and appreciate.
Different people have different tastes, hobbies and aesthetic standards, which leads to differences in calligraphy appreciation. This difference is not small, sometimes even great. For some people, a careless and naive running script work may be sloppy and messy, while for him, a rigid and rigid regular script work is dignified and pretty. If it is a cursive work that is divorced from practical function and really appreciated as art, ordinary appreciators can't see more advantages and disadvantages except its messy lines. Some people say that if a thousand people look at a dream of red mansions, there will be a thousand images of Lin Daiyu. This is absolutely correct. Where did this 1000 image of Lin Daiyu come from? 1000 readers' imagination and feelings, and their differences in self-cultivation and aesthetics produced 1000 image of Lin Daiyu. In fact, other art categories also have aesthetic differences, but this difference is even greater in calligraphy appreciation. As far as calligraphy art itself is concerned, it is a highly abstract plastic art, and all information is contained in abstract lines, which are felt by the appreciator. Balzac once said: "The works of art are the smallest areas, but they are surprisingly enriched with the most ideas." As far as the appreciation of calligraphy is concerned, the difference between people engaged in calligraphy creation is much smaller, because their creative practice has accumulated this knowledge, and he knows where the "beauty" of calligraphy works is and many conditions and factors that constitute the beauty of calligraphy. The most important thing is that the author has mastered the method of calligraphy appreciation. But as far as calligraphy appreciation groups are concerned, calligraphy creators are only a small part of them, which is a secondary part. The really important audience is the people who are not engaged in calligraphy creation. They are the objects of calligraphy appreciation.
Art is for the people, whether it's "Chun Xue" or "The Lower Liba People", it's for people to see. All works of art that are loved by the broad masses and cause * * * sound have the most lasting vitality and the brilliance that can shine its artistic value, and calligraphy works are no exception. It is certainly one thing to let calligraphy creation enter a higher level and let this ancient art glow with new brilliance, but it is more important to improve the appreciation level of the whole people. Calligraphy art needs to go to the society and serve the society, which is entirely based on the improvement of the level of calligraphy appreciation of the whole people. The creation level and appreciation level of calligraphy must go hand in hand, otherwise, only paying attention to the improvement of the creation level and ignoring the improvement of the appreciation level of calligraphy for the whole people will gradually lose its due audience, which will actually narrow the world in which it can be used. At present, this situation has sounded the alarm for us. At present, the only people who really appreciate calligraphy are professional calligraphers and calligraphy lovers who are engaged in calligraphy creation. Not many people can appreciate it if they are not engaged in calligraphy creation. A large audience is just watching. There is a saying that "amateurs watch the excitement and experts watch the doorway." If you want to see the doorway, you must know how to get in and master this knowledge. However, a large number of people who are not engaged in calligraphy obviously lack this knowledge, and their appreciation of calligraphy only stays at the level of "good" and "poor" feelings, which is very general and vague, and it is even more difficult to understand calligraphy art from an aesthetic point of view. It seems that in today's increasingly high calligraphy creation, improving people's appreciation level has reached the primary position and should be highly valued by the whole society.
Second, calligraphy teaching is the key to improve the level of calligraphy appreciation.
As far as the calligraphers themselves are concerned, their appreciation level has also been improved with the continuous creative practice and the study of calligraphy theory. Generally speaking, it is relatively synchronous, just like a philosophical saying: "Without the sun in your heart, you can't see the sun." Their creative practice and theoretical study are a process of being educated by calligraphy, and the only way for the masses to improve their appreciation level is through calligraphy education.
The question is what kind of teaching methods can arouse their interest. It is not only easy to be understood and accepted by them, but also plays a role in improving the level of appreciation, which is difficult for non-calligraphers. China's calligraphy is extensive and profound, covering a wide range. Of course, calligraphy teaching can't cover everything, but it must be focused. It must be mentioned that the focus of calligraphy teaching should be to help people "appreciate". We should avoid that calligraphy teaching is a way to teach people to learn calligraphy, but through calligraphy education, let the masses gradually master the methods and contents of appreciation and truly appreciate its elegance. Just as we can't take pictures ourselves, we can appreciate a photographic work, or we can't dance ballet, but we can still appreciate its elegance and beauty and understand the story. But there must be a premise that you must know this or related knowledge, otherwise it is impossible.
Of course, calligraphy appreciation may have more difficult factors than other art appreciation. Because it is abstract, unlike photography, painting and other arts, it has a concrete image that can be directly felt, which is more likely to arouse the interest and association of viewers. Compared with calligraphy appreciation, there are differences in this respect, which puts forward requirements for calligraphy teaching. The author thinks the following points are very important.
1, what is calligraphy, the difference between calligraphy art and general writing; 2. The essence of calligraphy beauty; 3. The characteristics of calligraphy beauty; 4. The expression of calligraphy beauty; 5. Creation of the beauty of calligraphy; 6. Calligraphy aesthetics.
As far as calligraphy teaching is concerned, it is most important for the appreciator to understand calligraphy first. Because everything starts with understanding, of course, the appreciators have different aesthetic standards, especially the differences in cultural level and artistic accomplishment, and it is impossible to get the same appreciation level with the same calligraphy education. This can never be done, nor is it necessary, but these differences can be made smaller and smaller through calligraphy education. It is not enough to improve people's appreciation of calligraphy only by relying on calligraphy education. In other words, only by calligraphy education, its appreciation level cannot enter a very high level. Because calligraphy appreciation involves not only the accumulation of calligraphy knowledge, but also the cooperation of other cultural qualities, it is necessary to supplement the accumulation of other artistic qualities in addition to calligraphy teaching to improve the level of appreciators. Of course, calligraphy teaching comes first.
Just as the improvement of the level of calligraphy creation needs a process from shallow to deep, calligraphy education must also have a gradual process. After all, calligraphy teaching is facing the masses, and a large part of them really know little about calligraphy, only staying in the general concept that calligraphy is writing. In this way, the education of popularizing calligraphy knowledge has to be put in the first place. If you know how to appreciate, or even appreciate what level, you should gradually enter. This kind of calligraphy teaching is of great significance to improve the level of calligraphy appreciation, otherwise, blindly implementing "one size fits all" in calligraphy education will still impress the vast number of appreciators, arouse their strong interest in calligraphy art and appreciate nothing. Just like a beginner in calligraphy, he should first start from the basics, first pursue the proficiency of basic skills, then innovate and establish his own style. Calligraphy teaching must also pay attention to popularization and popular education.
For creators, the significance of calligraphy teaching is to make every calligrapher and calligraphy lover understand that the content and form of calligraphy art should be roughly consistent with the current appreciation level, hobbies and pursuits of the public in culture and art, and abandon the difficult image and turn to more knowledgeable group feelings. The fundamental purpose of art in an era is to meet the requirements of a generation, not to be artistic for the sake of art, but to serve this era and pay attention to the popularization and popularization of calligraphy art creation and appreciation. Calligraphy artistic creation can not be divorced from the times, nor from the people. In this way, ordinary people, as the subject of appreciation, can understand and appreciate the works from their own cultural starting point, otherwise they will lose most of the recipients, which is equivalent to pushing the calligraphy art to the desperate situation of narcissism. What is the value of such artistic creation?
We should believe that through calligraphy teaching, the appreciation level of the masses can be improved, which also puts forward higher requirements for calligraphy creation. The improvement of creative level, in turn, requires a new improvement of appreciation level. Constant circulation requires that calligraphy teaching should have new contents at each stage to adapt to the development of appreciation level to a higher level.
Calligraphy teaching is a heavy and complicated task with far-reaching significance. Especially today, when there is a big gap between the level of calligraphy creation and the level of calligraphy appreciation, calligraphy teaching shows its importance and urgency. It requires the joint efforts of the whole society to raise the teaching of calligraphy to an important position, make the art of calligraphy glow with new brilliance and truly carry forward the national culture.