Fang
1. Fang Shuoyuan
The Fang family has a long history of nearly 4,700 years and comes from the Fang Lei family. The eleventh grandson of Emperor Yan of Shennong, the eldest son of the eighth emperor Yugong, was named Lei. When the Yellow Emperor attacked Chiyou, Lei was granted the title of Fangshan (today's Yuzhou City, Henan Province) for his meritorious service. After Lei was granted the title of Fangshan, he was called Fanglei's family. , the descendants took the land as their surname, and were divided into Lei and Fang. At the time of King Xuan of the Western Zhou Dynasty, there was a general named Uncle Fang among the descendants of Fang Lei, who was extremely wise and brave. He was ordered to march south and put down the Jingman rebellion, which made great contributions to the revival of the Zhou Dynasty. Therefore, many genealogies of the Fang surname in later generations adopted the theory of "after Uncle Fang, the doctor of Zhou". In the fifth year of Taikang in the Western Jin Dynasty (AD 284), the Fang family inherited the imperial edict and established the genealogy. As early as the second year of Xiankang in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 336), the "Fang family genealogy" was approved by the imperial court as a "celebration of famous people", and Fang was ordered to do so. The descendants of the family "have kept it from generation to generation and will never lose it." It is recorded in the Genealogy of the Liushan Zhenying Temple Fair of the Fang Family of Shechun: “The Fangs of She originate from Guzhi in Henan, and they all come out without distinction. The directions of Jiangnan, Fujian and Guangzhou all come from Dongxiang of She, and they all come from the same origin. She's Dongxiang is now Chun'an. Those who were in She, Hui, all came from Chun'an, and the genealogies are very clear. "In She, there is only one temple in Liuting Mountain, which is recorded in the county annals." In the Song Dynasty, there was a family in Xuancheng, Anhui Province whose surname was changed from Fang to Kuang. Many places in Guangdong and overseas had "Leifang Kuang" tracing organizations. The three surnames Fang, Lei and Kuang "come from the same lineage and are derived from three sects".
2. Overview of the Fang family
At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Danyang County Magistrate Fang Hong moved from Henan to Dongxiang, She County, Anhui Province (today's Chun'an, Zhejiang) to avoid chaos due to Wang Mang's usurpation of power, and became the Hui The ancestor of Yan Erzhou and even all the Jiangnan clan. Hong was passed down as Chu, and his descendants multiplied in Yan, Wu, Yue, Jiujiang, Chuyang, Putian, Hui, Xuan, Chi, Xiu, Hu, and Chang. Chu had three sons. His eldest son, Yi Hou, moved to Hu, Chang, Yin, Chu, Renhe, Nanhai, Putian, Xinghua and Jiujiang, with Putian being the most prosperous. Secondly, after Zi Zhan and Ji Zihong, it also spread widely. The Fang family who lived in Shedong Township and convenient transportation areas in Zhejiang Province during the Han and Tang Dynasties were mainly descendants of Jian Yuhong. The Fang family is a famous family, one of the eight major surnames in Huizhou. The Fang surname is the third most common surname in She County, and Chun'an is the first most common surname. During the Han and Tang Dynasties, 31 people of the Fang family were awarded the title of Marquis or above. Until modern times, for thousands of years They are all famous people. There are mainly famous eunuch Fang Chu in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Fang Qing, the leader of the peasant uprising in the Tang Dynasty, Fang Qian, the talented poet in the Tang Dynasty, Fang La, the leader of the peasant uprising in the Song Dynasty, Fang Fengchen, the number one educator, Fang Hui, the writer, Fang Yue, the poet, and Fang Yue, the medical scientist in the Ming Dynasty. Fang Yulu, a famous ink maker and master, Fang Fengchen, a great scholar, Fang Shishu, a litterateur in the Qing Dynasty, Fang Chengpei, a dramatist, Fang Jianchen, the contemporary "China's No. 1 sword" inkstone carving master, and so on.
The first person with the Fang surname to move to Putian, Fujian, was Fang Shudaguan Quanzhou in the Tang Dynasty. He later lived in Fangshan, Putian, and his descendants were called "Fangshan Fang". Another family who moved to Putian in the late Tang Dynasty had the surname Fang Tingfan Guan Changle, an ancient She person. , was named "Jin Zi Guang Lu Da Fu". He gave birth to 7 sons, 6 of whom were officials and were called "Liu Gui Lianfang" at that time. He respected Fang Tingfan as the "Father of Liu Gui" and his descendants were called "Jin Zi Liu Gui Fang Family". Some of the relocated tribes of the Zhifang family took "Liu Guitang" as their hall name. During the Song and Ming dynasties, the Putian Fang family's imperial examinations were unprecedentedly grand, with more than 360 people competing for the top grades (Jinshi and Juren). There were 28 couples of the Fang family in the two Song dynasties. Among the 26 pairs of brothers, father and son, there were as many as 132 Jinshi, ranking first among all the surnames in Putian. According to the "Putian County Chronicle", from the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, the Fang family in Putian passed the examination for 168 Jinshi, ranking second. In the history of Putian, 6 Three of the large collections were built by the Fang family. Fang's famous library buildings in the Song Dynasty include: Fang's Wanghu Tower, Baidu Wanjuan Tower, Fang Wanyi Sutra Hall, Fang Jianfu Wen Pavilion, Fang Yu Baosan Yu Zhai and Fang Songqing also have tens of thousands of volumes in their collections.
Among them, Baidu Fang's "Baidu Wanjuan Building" had a total collection of more than 50,000 volumes, which was the largest library in the country at that time. Due to the grand imperial examination, many tribesmen became officials abroad, and their descendants settled in other places, with the largest number in Guangdong. Among them, there are 170,000 people of the Fang family from Putian in Huilai County. Putian has therefore become another important transit place and birthplace for the migration of the Fang family after the ancient She County. The Fang family in Putian has a prosperous family business, with celebrities and high-ranking officials emerging in large numbers, and "Confucianism" The main celebrities include: Song Dynasty bibliophile Fang Jun, Fang Lue, textual textual scholar Fang Songqing, famous scholar Fang Xinru, famous eunuch Fang Dachong, Neo-Confucian calligrapher Fang Shiyao, poet Fang Weishen, Yuan famous doctor Fang Bao, Ming Dynasty Ministry of Punishment minister Fang Liangyong, etc. .
The Fang family is the most common surname in Tongcheng (today's Tongcheng and Songyang), and there are three main branches, namely "Guilin Fang", "Lugu *** Fang" which is "Orion Fang" and "Hui Fang" "Gong Fang". The Fang family in Tongcheng is famous for its ancient prose, with generations of talented people, and a long-lasting literary style that has lasted for hundreds of years. It has been the family that has made the most historical contributions to academic culture, morality, and history since the middle of the Ming Dynasty. The Tongcheng Fang family carried forward the Fang family's poetic and cultural traditions to the pinnacle, and made a huge contribution to the Fang family's fame. Until the present day, the Tongcheng Fang family can be said to have numerous celebrities and famous scholars. For example, the Neo-Confucianist Fang Xuejian, Economics scholar Fang Dazhen, Neo-Confucian Fang Kongzhen, poet Fang Weiyi, thinker Fang Yizhi, scholar Fang Zhongde, mathematician Fang Zhongtong, scholar Fang Zhonglu, poet Fang Wen, litterateur Fang Dengfeng, Shi Shiji, litterateur Fang Xiaobiao, Fang Gongqian, calligrapher and painter Fang Hengxian, writers Fang Shiju, Fang Zhenguan, founder of Tongcheng School Fang Bao, writer and water conservancy expert Fang Guancheng, writer Fang Weidian, writers Fang Zongcheng, Fang Dongshu, Fang Shoudun, literary theory Fang Xiaoyue, important official of the Republic of China Fang Zhi, philosopher Fang Dongmei, writer Fang Lingru, poet Fang Weide, scholar Fang Guide (Shuwu), journalism scholar Fang Zuode (dialect), painter Fang Hongshou, entertainer Fang Zige, politician Fang Zhaoxiang etc. Tongcheng Fang's family not only created the broad and profound "Tongcheng Fang's School of Yi Studies", but also founded the "Tongcheng School" that dominated the literary world of the Qing Dynasty for more than two hundred years. Liang Shiqiu said to the Fang family in Tongcheng, a well-known scholarly family all over the world: "The Fang family in Tongcheng may be second only to the Kong family in Qufu in terms of popularity." Zhu Yi Zun said: "The Fang family is the most talented in Anhui Province. Mr. Mingshan really digs into its origins. Southeast scholars, he praised it as a leader. "Contemporary scholar Qian Liqun once said that the Fang family in Tongcheng is the family with the greatest influence on Chinese culture after the Kong family in Qufu, and is a swan song of a Chinese cultural family. In the book "Cultural Families Influencing China for a Century", the Tongcheng Fang family is known as the second most famous cultural family in China.
Historically, the Fang surname originated in Henan and expanded to the surrounding areas with ancient Huizhou as the center. It is a typical southern surname with the population center in the southeastern provinces. Among them, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, and Henan The most populous, followed by Fujian, Hunan, Guangdong, Yunnan, Sichuan, Taiwan, Hainan, Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin, Shaanxi, Northeast China, Shandong, etc. The most populous county is Huilai County, Guangdong, with a population of more than 170,000 ( 17), other densely populated counties and cities are Yunxiao County and Putian County in Fujian, Chun'an County and Tonglu County in Zhejiang, Tongcheng City in Anhui, Songyang County, She County, Pingjiang City in Hunan, Puning City in Guangdong, etc. The Fang family of Wenyang in South Korea moved from Henan in the Central Plains in the Tang Dynasty, with a population of more than 100,000. They first moved to Fangzhi. In the Ming Dynasty, Fang Xiaoru refused to draft an accession edict for Zhu Di who usurped the throne, and was killed by the tyrant 10 clans, with the number of victims reaching 800. Many people were implicated in the exile. Tens of thousands of clan members were implicated. This was the biggest disaster in the history of the Fang family. Many people with the Fang surname were displaced across the country. There were also many clan members who escaped from the clutches of the devil and changed their surnames to other people, such as Liu, He, Cai, Zhang, Shi, Xuan, Yu, Wang, etc. The Fang surname was listed as the 35th common surname in the Song Dynasty, with a population of about 450,000; it accounted for 0.59% of the country; it was ranked the 28th common surname in the Yuan Dynasty; it was ranked 49th in the Ming Dynasty, with a population of about 440,000.
Accounting for 0.47 of the country. According to the latest statistics, the contemporary population with the surname Fang ranks 63rd in the country, accounting for 0.36 of the country.
Historically, elites with famous names have emerged in large numbers. The Fang family genealogy prefaced by Wen Tianxiang, the number one scholar in the Song Dynasty, praised: "The manifestation of the Fang family In the Zhou Dynasty, the Han Dynasty reached our dynasty and became famous. Liuze and the latter were so prosperous. "In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the Fang family of poetry and etiquette represented by the Fang family in Tongcheng made the Fang family's reputation reach as high as reached its peak. The "Dictionary of Chinese Names" includes 242 celebrities with the surname Fang in the past dynasties, accounting for 0.53 of the total number of celebrities, ranking 38th; famous writers accounted for 0.8 of the total number of Chinese writers of the past dynasties, ranking 25th; famous writers Medical scientists accounted for 0.66, ranking 31st. According to the population ratio of celebrity surnames, the number of people with famous surnames ranked 11th, reaching 147.22. (In order: Qian, Gu, Lu, Cui, Wang, Shen, Shi, Xiao, Du, Kong, Fang, Meng, Zheng, Fan, Yao). Famous representatives of the Fang family in the past dynasties: Uncle Fang, the Zhou doctor, Fang Chu, the famous eunuch of the Han Dynasty, Fang Qian, the poet of the Tang Dynasty, Fang La, the leader of the peasant uprising in the Song Dynasty, Fang Yue, the patriotic poet, Fang Guozhen, the leader of the peasant uprising in the Yuan Dynasty, Fang Xiaoru, the great Confucian of the Ming Dynasty, Fang Yizhi, the scholar of the Ming Dynasty, Fang Bao, the originator of Qing Tongcheng School, writer Fang Dongshu, hero Fang Shengdong, revolutionary leader Fang Zhimin, anti-Japanese hero General Fang Zhenwu, General Fang Xianjue. New Confucian master Fang Dongmei, Vice Premier of the State Council Fang Yi, and "Fang" "Three Saints": "Mo Sheng" Fang Yulu, "Lian Sheng" Fang Dishan, "Bone Saint" Fang Xianzhi.
3. Junwangtang No.
Tang No. Henan Hall, Liugui Hall, Liben Hall, Lunxu Hall, Liugeng Hall Jule Hall, Dunyi Hall, Yongsi Hall, Daxun Hall, Youqing Hall Yongxi Hall, Baiyundang Hall, Faxiang Hall, Shi'en Hall, Zhuangyoutang Guanli Hall, Yangmuting Pavilion, Guangyuan Hall, Guangqi Hall, Zhengxue Hall, Shuoyuan Hall.
The county of Henan County: in the second year of Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty (205 BC), it was converted to Sanchuan The county was established as a county, and its administrative seat was Luoyang (now northeast of Luoyang City, Henan Province). Xin'an County was governed in Shixin (now Chun'an, Zhejiang Province), and later moved to She County, Anhui Province
4. The Chinese academic circle and martial arts school founded by Fang Family
Tongcheng School. The founding patriarch is Fang Bao, a master of ancient Chinese literature. The Tongcheng prose school dominated the literary world of the Qing Dynasty for more than two hundred years. Other members of the Tongcheng School include Fang Dongshu, Fang Zongcheng, Fang Xiaoyue, etc.
Tongcheng Fang School. The founder learns gradually, and the one who gathers great achievements is wise. The research of seven generations of the Fang family has formed an extensive and profound system of Yi studies, which is the forerunner of the modern science of Yi
The founder of Hongmen (also known as Hongbang) is the "Fifth Ancestor of Hongmen" (the Fifth Ancestor of Shaolin). ): Fang Dahong, "Fifth Ancestor of Hongmen": Fang Huicheng. An anti-Qing and Fuming organization that has been influential for hundreds of years.
Shaolin White Crane Fist. The founding ancestor Fang Qiniang is one of the five ancestral fists of Southern Shaolin. It is also called Yongchun Boxing. It has a huge influence in Fujian and Guangdong overseas.
Shaolin Zonghe Boxing. The founder, Fang Weishi, was a martial arts master of a generation. Zonghe Quan is a branch of White Crane Quan and is popular in Fujian and Taiwan overseas.
Shaolin Fangmen Quan. Founding master Fang Shunyi created it based on the characteristics of Shaolin Gangquan and "Xiaomen". Popular in Chengdu, Chongqing, Deyang, Leshan and other places
Five, the Fang surname has a long history, and celebrities and elites emerge in endlessly. The total number of celebrities in the past dynasties ranks 38th. The relative rate (celebrity ratio/population ratio) ) ranked 11th.
Ancient celebrities:
Fang Lei: the ancestor of the Fang family. His surname is Jiang and his courtesy name is Tianzhen. He is the eldest son of Yugong, the last emperor of Emperor Yan. He helped Xuanyuan conquer Chiyou and was granted the title of Fangshan in Yuzhou, Henan for his meritorious service. He made great contributions to the prosperity of the Chinese nation. His descendants took Di as their surname. It has been more than 4,700 years and has been passed down for 169 generations.
Fang Bi and Fang Xiang: the two palace generals of King Zhou of Yin in the Shang Dynasty. Because King Zhou was dissolute and immoral, the two brothers turned against the court and made great contributions to the establishment of the Zhou Dynasty. Later generations of people The two are respected as gods of manifesting truth, gods of opening roads, and door gods.
Uncle Fang: A minister during the reign of King Xuan of Zhou Dynasty, he once led 3,000 chariots to attack the State of Chu and won a great victory. He was a major contributor to the resurgence of the Zhou Dynasty. , fame is at its peak. The chapter "Uncle Fang" in "The Book of Songs" describes this extraordinary war. The congratulatory term "Wanglong Uncle Fang" means the lofty fame and reputation of Uncle Fang.
Fang Chu: a native of Chun'an, Zhejiang.
The Eastern Han Dynasty and the emperor's Fang Chu ranked first in the world in virtuous and upright strategies. He was appointed Doctor Qian Yilang, Luoyang Ling, and Taichang Qing. After his death, he was awarded Shangshu Ling and Yixian Marquis, and was buried in Chun'an City. Huizhou, Zhejiang and other places have built "Fang Xianweng" Temple.
Fang Qian: a native of Chun'an, Zhejiang. A talented poet in the Tang Dynasty, he was not an official during his lifetime, but became famous all over the world after his death. He is said to be "a man with no salary, but his fame spreads thousands of miles." He left more than 370 poems, including "Mr. Xuanying's Poetry Collection". The idiom "Knowing talents after death" is a metaphor for a talent that is not appreciated during his lifetime, but only after his death is he valued.
Fang Qing: A native of Shezhou (now She County, Anhui). During the reign of Emperor Daizong of the Tang Dynasty, he was the leader of the Jiangnan peasant uprising.
Fang Tai: A famous general in the Jin Dynasty from Qiancheng people in Qingzhou, Shandong Province after five generations. . Wuding Jiedushi, "King Zheng". Fang Tai was good at fighting. He once led hundreds of troops to counterattack more than 10,000 enemy soldiers. Won a complete victory. Fang Tai was victorious in every battle in his life, but unfortunately he was jealous of a villain and was killed.
Fang Jun: A native of Putian, Fujian. A famous bibliophile in the Song Dynasty. Baidu's "Wanjuan Tower" has a total collection of about 10,000 books. With more than 50,000 volumes, it was the largest library in the country during the Song Dynasty.
Fang Min: a native of Chun'an, Zhejiang. Together with his elder brothers Fang Hong and younger brother Fang Wen, they were both famous scholars in the Northern Song Dynasty. They were known as "the two Zhejiang and the three regions, unparalleled in the world."
Fang Qiong: a native of Tongcheng County, Hubei Province, a national hero. Minister of the Ministry of War of the Northern Song Dynasty. Jingkang Yuan Nian Yujin died heroically. In the second year of Emperor Jianyan's reign, Emperor Gaozong built Fang Qiongzong Temple and built Fang Qiongzhong Temple at the foot of Jiming Ridge (the temple is now there). The temple couplet says: "The merits of resisting powerful enemies and protecting the country will be remembered in history, and the Zhongzhong Temple built by Guang Zong's virtue fills the world with righteousness." In the Qing Dynasty, it was enshrined in Zhongxiao Temple in the county, and a monument to Fang Qiong's martyrdom was erected.
Fang La: Leader of the peasant uprising in the late Northern Song Dynasty. In 1120 during the Xuanhe period, he used the Ming religion to launch an uprising, established a political power and proclaimed himself emperor, named "Holy Duke". The rebels successively captured large areas in the southeast and won enthusiastic support from farmers. He was defeated and died heroically. "Fang La Uprising" is one of the one hundred major events that affected Chinese history.
Fang Songqing: a native of Putian, Fujian. A writer and bibliophile. He collected 40,000 volumes of books and edited them by himself. He once corrected the "Collected Works of Han Changli" and wrote "Chronology of Han Poems" and "Han Wen Ju Zheng". "Han Ji Ju Zheng" is the culmination of textual research on Han Yu's collections in the Song Dynasty, and is also the basis for the textual arrangement of Han Yu's collections in later generations.
Fang Xiru: A native of Putian. An outstanding diplomat in the Song Dynasty. He was a generous man, treating gold and silk as dirt, and he liked to make friends. During the Northern Expedition of Kaixi, he went to the Kingdom of Jin with great righteousness and fulfilled his mission. In the face of threats, he said: "When I left the country, I risked my life and death." "Outside" is known as "defeating powerful enemies with words". There are cliff inscriptions left on Jiuyi Mountain. He is the author of "Selected Poems of Fang Xiru" and "Hundred Odes of the South China Sea"
Fang Dacong: a native of Putian, Fujian. In the first year of Chunyou, Lizong of the Song Dynasty, he learned about Guangzhou and served as the envoy of Guangdong economic strategy. In the sixth year, he moved to Baozhang Pavilion to become a bachelor. In the five years since his stay in Guangdong, all wastes have been restored. He has donated the salary to the school, increased the money for spring clothes for the frontline army, and not provided food and rice for the navy. As an official, he speaks out and dares to give advice. Author of "Collected Works of Zhonghui Tie'an Fang Gong, a scholar of Baozhang Pavilion of Song Dynasty"
Fang Shiyao: a Putian native, a disciple of Zhu Xi, a Neo-Confucianist and a calligrapher. He works in calligraphy, and his seal, seal, Fenli, Xing, and Cao styles are all extremely wonderful. The handed down works include the "Yu Emperor Temple Stele" carved on a cliff in Guilin.
Fang Fengchen: Number one scholar in the Song Dynasty. Born in Chun'an, Zhejiang Province, he was a famous educator in the Southern Song Dynasty. He was the number one scholar in the tenth year of Chunyou (1250) and was named "Fengchen" by Lizong. He is the author of "Explanation of the Classic of Filial Piety", "Explanation and Biography of Shangshu", "Introduction to the Study of Things" and other books.
Fang Shanjing: Number one scholar in the Song Dynasty. A native of Zhejiang, he was the champion of Renxu in the third year of Emperor Jingding of Song Dynasty (1262). Fang Shanjing is an upright and honest official. People at that time called him a humble gentleman.
Fang Yue: A native of Qimen, Anhui. A famous patriotic poet in the late Southern Song Dynasty. The name is Jushan and the name is Qiuya. In 1232, he participated in the Jinshi examination and won the first place. During the court examination, he disobeyed the power of Prime Minister Shi Miyuan and was demoted to seventh place. He was awarded the professor of Nankang Army and later entered the Huaidong system and established the Zhao Kui shogunate. He is the author of eighty-three volumes of "The Complete Works of Mr. Fang Qiuya".
Fang Chu: A native of Xianju, Zhejiang. Acting scholar and educator of Song Dynasty. Known as "standing outstandingly among the drunken and sober" and "the master of Southeast scholars who show their integrity", during the Qiandao period of the Song Dynasty, Fang Xingzi founded Tongjiang Academy, which is known as the source of Southeast Taoism.
There have been more than ten Jinshi who came out of the academies in the past dynasties, and there are countless Juren, Gongsheng and Xiucai.
Fang Hui: A native of Huizhou, Anhui. The imperial examination in the third year of Jingding, Emperor Lizong of the Song Dynasty, was originally a division of Jia. First, Jia Sidao was appointed as the head of Department B and Professor Suizhou was transferred. Famous poet and litterateur. His poems are simple and reflect the suffering of the people. He is the author of "Xugu Collection", "Tongjiang Collection", "Tongjiang Sequel", "Biliu Collection", "Continuation of Ancient and Modern Chronicles", "Yan Baoxie's Poetry Commentary", etc.
Fang Feng: Pujiang, Zhejiang He was a patriotic poet at the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, a leader of the surviving poets of the Southern Song Dynasty, and one of the founders of the "Yuequan Yin Society" known as the first poetry society in China. Most of his poems expressed the pain of the subjugation of the country. There is "Cunyatang Posthumous Manuscript".
Fang Congyi: A native of Guixi (now part of Jiangxi Province), he was a painter of the Yuan Dynasty. He was famous for his painting of clouds and mountains, with lush and green brushwork.
Fang Jiong: A native of Putian, Fujian. A famous doctor in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty. He once treated a monk who died suddenly. He blew medicine into his nose with a pipe, which made him spit out several liters of phlegm and he was cured. Many people survived. Moreover, he has high medical ethics and does not seek money, but often uses money to help the poor. His motto is "I hope people will always be healthy, so why worry about being poor alone". His works include "Behind the Elbow of Xingcun", "Book of Febrile Diseases", "Subtle Pulse", etc.
Fang Guozhen: a native of Taizhou, Zhejiang. The first hero to launch a peasant uprising in the late Yuan Dynasty. Fang Guozhen implemented the "protect the environment" The policy of "residing in peace", recruiting talented people, building Confucianism and water conservancy in various places, and strictly enforcing laws and regulations, enabled the people in eastern Zhejiang to avoid the disasters of war and live and work in peace and contentment during the war period at the end of the Yuan Dynasty. Later, he followed the trend and returned to the Ming Dynasty.
Fang Keqin: a native of Ninghai, Zhejiang. The magistrate of Jining, Shandong Province in the Ming Dynasty, also known as Fang Jining. Integrity and incorruptibility are praised by all people. The rule of governance is based on virtue. He doesn't like to be familiar with his name. He believes in simplicity. He wears a cloth robe for ten years and no longer eats meat every day. Every time I travel to a county, I refuse to accept a cup of soup. And the most kind thing to people is that those who pass through the county in Nanguan will leave rice and rice wine behind, and those who can't walk will send them off in boats and carriages. Author of "Collection of Han Comics".
Fang Xiaoru: A native of Ninghai, a Ming thinker and writer. He served as the emperor's teacher and implemented the New Deal. Known as "Mr. Zhengxue". During the "Battle of Jingnan", Zhu Di, who refused to usurp the throne for justice, was upright and unyielding and regarded death as home. Ten tribesmen were killed by the tyrant, with more than 800 people killed. It was a unique tragedy in history. He is the author of "The Rebellion" "Cheng Ji Ji" and "Xun Zhi Zhai Ji Ji".
Fang Youzhi: A native of Shexian County, Anhui Province. A famous doctor in the Ming Dynasty. The founder of the "Cuo Jian School" of febrile diseases. Fang Youzhi has devoted more than 20 years of energy to Compiled into "Treatise on Febrile Diseases", this led to the upsurge of reorganizing and studying "Treatise on Febrile Diseases" during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Its influence was far-reaching, and all the famous scholars in the Qing Dynasty supported its theory, forming the "Miscellaneous School" of treating febrile diseases.
Fang Xianfu: A native of Nanhai, Guangdong. In the Ming Dynasty, he was a minister of the Ministry of Personnel and a bachelor (prime minister) of Wuyingdian. He died at home ten years after resigning from office. He was first appointed as a pillar of the country and Shaobao, and then as a Taibao, he was given the posthumous title of Wenxiang. He is the author of "Xiqiao Manuscript" and "Book of Changes".
Fang Congzhe: a native of Deqing, Zhejiang. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, he served as Minister of Rites and Bachelor of Dongge (prime minister). He died in February of the first year of Chongzhen and was given the posthumous title Wenduan as Taifu.
Fang Kongzheng was born in Tongcheng, Anhui. Yi scholar, Fang Yi Zhifu. Governor of Huguang, he made great achievements in eight battles and eight victories in suppressing bandits. Author of "Book of Changes".
Fang Yulu: A native of Shexian County, Anhui Province. A generation of "ink sages" in the Ming Dynasty. The ink he made was the best in "Nine Mysteries and Three Extremes", and was praised as "unprecedented" "Writer of "Fang's Calligraphy Book"
Fang Xuejian: A native of Tongcheng, Anhui. Known as Mr. Mingshan, he is the author of "Yi Li" and other works. He was the leader of Tongcheng academics in the mid-Ming Dynasty and the leader of the Donglin Party." The founder of Fang's "Yixue School".
Fang Yifeng: a native of Chizhou, Anhui. In 1616, the forty-fourth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, he became the champion of Wu. As a general in Guangzhou, he was ordered to pacify the "red-haired barbarians" and "dwarf pirates" on the sea and made many military exploits. In a bloody battle, he died heroically. Later, his son Fang Maochang, the "Jiumen Admiral General", took the blood clothes and sent them back to his hometown, where he was buried at the foot of Fengxing Mountain in the south of Shaogeng Village. The tomb still survives to this day.
Fang Weiyi: A native of Tongcheng, Anhui Province. A female poet in the late Ming Dynasty, she was a young widow. She raised her nephew Fang Yizhi with her sister-in-law. He is the author of "Qing Fen Pavilion Collection" and compiled the works of women in the past dynasties into "The History of Poems of Palace Boudoirs".
Fang Yuegong: A native of Gucheng, Hubei Province. From the official position to Zuodu Yushi and Dongge University Scholar (prime minister), he was listed as one of the five incorruptible supervisors in the world.
Among the cabinet ministers in the Ming Dynasty, those who led the imperial censor began with Yue Gong. During his tenure as the prefect of Songjiang, he presided over the construction of the first stone pond in the Shanghai area and the entire Jiangnan seawall. He is the author of 61 volumes of "Guo Wei Ji", "Jing Shi Wen Pian", etc.
Fang Fengnian: a native of Sui'an, Zhejiang. Tomorrow, he will be a Jinshi in the second year of Qi Dynasty. He will be demoted because he offended Wei Zhongxian. After Wei's eunuch was defeated, he was reinstated. He was promoted to the Minister of Rites and the Bachelor of Dongge University (prime minister).
Fang Wen: A native of Tongcheng, Anhui. A famous poet during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, his poems are as famous as those of his nephew Fang Yizhi. His poem "Du Xia Zhu Zhi Ci" is the earliest poem about tobacco in China. .
Fang Yingxiang: A native of Qu County, Zhejiang Province, he won the first prize in the palace examination in the 44th year of Wanli. Han Ruoyu, who took the same exam, won the public paper and was so impressed that it was designated as the first paper. Because of his age, etc., he did not win the title of No. 1 Scholar. Later, he served as Chief Secretary of Shandong and participated in political affairs. He was honest and upright in government. After the death of his mother, he stayed in the house for three years. He was extremely filial, but died of grief. He was known as the "dead filial piety". He wrote "Qing Lai Pavilion Collected Works", "Lecture Notes on the Four Books" and so on.
Fang Yizhi: A great encyclopedic scholar with numerous works. He died in self-sacrifice after the fall of the Ming Dynasty. Due to his rebellion against the Qing Dynasty, his academic thoughts were suppressed. It was not until modern times that his academic thoughts were gradually discovered. Known as the "Four Great Thinkers", "Four Young Masters in the Late Ming Dynasty" and "Six True Sons: true filial son, true talent, true loyal minister, true Buddha, true scholar and true thinker"
Fang Xiangying: a native of Sui'an, Zhejiang Province, In 1673, Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty completed the compilation of "Sui'an County Chronicle" with his brother Xiang Huang. In 1679, he passed the second-class examination of "Bo Xue Hong Ci", was taught by Hanlin to edit and edit, and participated in the compilation of "History of the Ming Dynasty". Fang Xiangying calls himself "Kinmen Dayin". He is the author of "Jian Song Zhai Ji", "Feng Changbai Mountain", "Song Chuang Bi Cheng", etc.
Fang Dahong: General of Zheng Chenggong. One of the founders of Hongmen, a patriotic organization that fought against the Qing Dynasty and restored the Ming Dynasty in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. He is one of the "first five ancestors" of Hongmen. (also known as the five ancestors of Shaolin). The Fifth Patriarch established the "Tiandi Hui", "Triad Hui", "Pao Ge", "Brother Hui" and "Xiao Dao Hui" all over the country. Fang Dahong was the founder of the "Triad Hui".
Fang Huicheng: The Rebellion in the Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasties One of the "Five Central Patriarchs" of the Hongmen patriotic organization of the Qing Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty. After the first five ancestors escaped from Shaolin Temple, they were pursued by Qing soldiers on the way. Fortunately, there were warriors Wu Tiancheng, Fang Huicheng, Zhang Jingzhi, Yang Zhanyou, and Lin Dajiang at Shawankou 5 They were able to escape the cover, and these five people were revered as the "Five Central Ancestors" in Hongmen.
Fang Gonghui: a native of Yueyang, Hunan. A famous bibliophile in the Qing Dynasty. He has been fond of books since he was a child. His family has a Bilinlang library with a collection of 100,000 volumes. He is rich in eastern Guangdong and also likes to engrave books. The publication "Bilin Lang Guan Ye Shu" contains forty-four kinds of books, many of which are rare and unique in the country; it also has engraved "Ancient Classics Interpretation Letter", "Ancient Primary School Letters", "Complete Tang Dynasty Chronicles", etc.
Fang Dianyuan, Fang Huan (son), Fang Chao (son): a native of Panyu, Guangdong. A poet in the early Qing Dynasty, the father and son were both the seventh son of Lingnan in the literary world and were both from Lingnan. The other four are: Liang Peilan, Cheng Keze, Chen Gongyin, and Wang Bang. Because they lived in Wu, they liked to write poems to bring friends from all over the world, and Fang returned. The Fang Chao brothers were called "the two under Wu".
Fang Zhongtong: A native of Tongcheng, Anhui Province. A mathematician in the Qing Dynasty and a scholar of Yi. The first person in China to discuss logarithms. He is the author of lt;lt;derivatives of degreesgt;gt;.
Fang Gongqian was a writer from Tongcheng, Anhui Province. He was exiled to Ningguta, Heilongjiang Province in 1659 due to being implicated in the unjust case at the Jiangnan Science Center. Fang Gongqian wrote "The Chronicles of Jueyu" (also known as "Ningguta") This book is of great historical value and is the first local chronicle of Heilongjiang Province.
Fang Xiaobiao: A native of Tongcheng, Anhui. Writer. Victim of the Literary Prison. In the ninth year of Kangxi's reign, he entered Yunnan, served as an official in Wu Sangui, and served as a member of the Imperial Academy. Based on what he heard and saw in Yunnan and Guizhou in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, he wrote "Records of Yunnan and Guizhou". Dai Mingshi of Tongyi wrote "Nanshan Collection", which adopted many of his words. Later, Dai Mingshi was misfortune, and he was also a filial piao. He dug graves and filed bones, and many of his relatives died and were exiled.
Fang Hengxian: A native of Tongcheng, Anhui. Fang Xiaobiao's younger brother. A writer and painter, especially good at calligraphy and painting, and good at small things. The landscape is imitated by Huang Gongwang, broad and majestic, striving for elegance, and rivals Cheng Zhengkui and Gu Dashen. His works include: "Picture of Clouds and Cuiling".
"Landscapes of Flowers and Birds", "Pictures of Plum Birds", "Pictures of Bamboo and Stone", "Landscapes", "Pictures of Fishing in the Mountains".
Fang Bao: A native of Tongcheng, Anhui Province. A master of ancient prose. The founder of the Tongcheng School in the Qing Dynasty , the Tongcheng School had a great influence on the literary world of the Qing Dynasty. It extends from the Kangxi period to the end of the Qing Dynasty; geographically, it covers the whole country. He is the author of "Collected Works of Mr. Wangxi", "Collected Works from Foreign Countries", and "Supplement to Collection of Foreign Works". "Miscellaneous Notes from Prison" and "Anecdotes of Mr. Zuo Zhongyi" are included in the collection. Middle school textbook.
Fang Chengpei: A native of Huizhou, Anhui. A great dramatist. One of China's top ten classical tragedies, an excellent traditional opera that has been well-known to every household for 200 yearslt;lt;Leifeng Pagodagt;gt; also known as The creator of "The Legend of White Snake".
Fang Guancheng: A native of Tongcheng, Anhui. He was a litterateur of the Qing Dynasty, an expert on water conservancy and cotton planting. He served successively as governor of Zhejiang, governor of Zhili, governor of Shaanxi and Gansu, and crown prince. He was listed as one of the "Five Governors of Qianlong". The "Imperial Inscribed Cotton Picture" he drew is the earliest in China. Atlas of Mian Zuoxue. Author of "Fangge Min Gong's Memorial", "Eighteen Types of Poems of Shu Bentang" and "Sequel of Poems of Shu Bentang";
Fang Weidian: a native of Tongcheng, Anhui. He successively served as Minister of Guanglu Temple, Minister of Taichang Temple, Changlu Salt Administration, Inspector of Shandong, Chief Envoy of Henan, Governor of Shaanxi, Governor of Fujian and Zhejiang, Minister of Military and Aircraft, and litterateur. Author of "Xinlanshi Manuscript". He died at home in the 20th year of Jiaqing. As a gift to Prince Shaobao, he was given the posthumous title of Qin Xiang.
Fang Qiniang: A native of Xiapu County, Fujian, she later lived in Yongchun. She was a martial arts master in the Qing Dynasty. She was a member of the Five Ancestors of Southern Shaolin (Taizu Quan, Luohan Quan, Dazun Quan, Xingzhe Quan, and Baihe Quan). ) is one of the founders of White Crane Boxing. White Crane Boxing is also called Yongchun Boxing. It has a huge influence in Fujian and Guangdong overseas.
Fang Weishi: A native of Fuqing, Fujian. A martial arts master of a generation. The founder of Fujian Zonghe Boxing. In the 9th year of Tongzhi, Fang Huishi used the Zonghe strength for the first time to defeat Guo Qitai, the governor of Fujian Province Zuo Zongtang. In the palace, Guo Qitai, who was awarded the title of invincible boxing champion of the seven provinces in North China, gained fame. The noise was loud and powerful throughout Fujian.
Fang Shiyu: A native of Zhaoqing, Guangdong. A master of martial arts in the Qing Dynasty. He was a brave man and as evil as his enemies. His heroic deeds are well-known among Chinese people. He is known as the young hero and the Kung Fu Emperor. He was named the same as his brothers Fang Xiaoyu and Fang Meiyu. They are called the Ten Tigers of Shaolin.
Fang Dongshu: A native of Tongcheng, Anhui Province, named Zhizhi, he was a writer and thinker in the mid-Qing Dynasty. He studied under the famous ancient writer Yao Nai of the Tongcheng School and was an important representative of the Tongcheng School. One of the characters. His works include "Han Xue Shang Dui", "Zhao Mei Zhan Yan", "Shu Lin Yang Zhi", "Yi Weixuan Collected Works", etc.
Fang Xun: A native of Shimen (now Chongde), Zhejiang. He was a calligrapher and painter of the Qing Dynasty. He had a high-spirited nature and was as simple and wild as a mountain monk. Poetry, calligraphy, and painting are both wonderful, and he is particularly skilled in sketching. He is as famous as Xi Gang and is called "Fang Xi". There is no one who is better than two people at the same time. He is the author of Landi Shichao gt;gt;, Jingyanzhai Seal Collectiongt; draw gt;gt;.
Fang Yurun: A native of Guangnan, Yunnan. Writer of the late Qing Dynasty. The word is Youshi, and the word is Zhishi. He is the author of "The Original Book of Songs", "The Collection of Lovers in the Wind and Rain", etc.
Fang Yao: A native of Puning, Guangdong. Admiral of the Navy, a national hero. He defended Humen to resist the French army during the Sino-French war. He was praised as "the most famous poet in Guangdong". "Fang Yao can be held high", so the people built a temple to worship Mr. Fang. He once defeated the Taiping Army's 100,000-strong army with 8,000 men and was known as the "Courageous General". During the tide, he built bridges and paved roads, and established rural schools. People at the time praised "it is difficult to find such good officials in the world"
Fang Junyi, Fang Junshi, Fang Junyi, "Shouzi", "Huaihua" and "Dingding" were popular in Jianghuai in the Qing Dynasty article". The three Fang brothers are the representatives of "Dingwen". In particular, Fang Junyi was unique and well-known in the south of the Yangtze River. He recruited wise men from all over the world, published a group of school journals, and rebuilt Pingshan Hall. He is the author of "Erzhixuan Poems and Essays", "Renzhai Poems and Essays", "Guxiang Ao Ci" and other works
Fang Keyou: a native of Lin'an, Zhejiang in the late Qing Dynasty. At the age of 20, he was awarded Jinshi and was appointed as the head of the Ministry of Punishment. He is an upright official, cares about the people, cares about the country, and supports reforms. He is also a famous mathematician. He is the author of "Fang Zizhuang Mathematics", "Conic Section Theory", "Explanation of Apical Cone Technique", "Apex Cone Technique Derivation", etc. He was hailed as the "Master of Geometry" by the mathematics community at that time
Fang Shunyi : A native of Shifang County, Sichuan in the late Qing Dynasty. A martial arts master.
The founder of Shaolin "Fangmen" boxing. Fang Shunyi created this type of boxing based on the characteristics of Shaolin Gangquan (combining the six forms of dragon, tiger, leopard, monkey, crane, and snake) and "Xiaomen". Popular in Chengdu, Chongqing, Deyang, Leshan, Mianyang, Suining, Neijiang and other places
Modern celebrities
Fang Juzan: China’s first national capital company The founder of the company. In 1866, he founded China's first national capital enterprise: Shanghai Fachang Machinery Factory. It was the earliest and largest national enterprise in China at that time. The founding of the company was a symbol of the emergence of national capital in modern China. A native of Xiangshan, Guangdong Province .
Fang Shengdong: A modern democratic revolutionary, he studied in Japan twice and participated in the Anti-Russian Volunteer Team. Later, he died in the Huanghuagang Uprising in Guangzhou on March 2, 1911, and became one of the "Seventy-two Huanghuagang Martyrs". He lives in Jiucaiyuan, Fuzhou, and his family is Dingwang, so he is called "Fangjia of Jiucaiyuan".
Fang Shengtao: In the 31st year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, he went to Japan to study at the Japanese Military Academy and joined the Tongmenghui. After returning to China, he successively served as an instructor at the Yunnan Army Lecture Hall and in 1915, he served as the commander of the second echelon of the Second Army of Yuan Huguo Army. , Commander of the Fourth Division of the Yunnan Army in Guangdong, Commander-in-Chief of the Fujian People's Army, Chief of Staff of the Guangzhou Base Camp of the Northern Expeditionary Revolutionary Army, Commander-in-Chief of the Generalissimo's Guard, Chairman of Fujian Province. Fuzhou native
Fang Junying: Pioneer of the Chinese Revolution who. In 1906, she, her younger brothers Shengtao and Shengdong, her sister-in-law Zeng Xing, Zheng Meng and Wang Ying who were also studying in Japan, joined the China Alliance led by Dr. Sun Yat-sen. Served as the head of the assassination execution department of the Tongmenghui. Six members of the Fang family in Fuzhou revolted and were known as "the whole family of heroes." A native of Fuzhou, Fujian.
Fang Junbi: The first Chinese female student at the Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris, and the first overseas Chinese painter to hold an exhibition in the National Art Museum of China. As the first Chinese woman's work to be selected into the Paris Art Exhibition, her work "Flute Player" was hailed as "the outstanding female painter of the East". She is from Fuzhou, Fujian.
Fang Dingying: Director of Education and Acting Principal of Huangpu Military Academy, a famous patriotic general. He served as the director of education and acting principal of Huangpu Military Academy, commander of the 13th Army, commander of the 46th Army, commander-in-chief of the Third Army of the First Group Army, and commander-in-chief of the First Route of the Western Expeditionary Army. A native of Xinhua County, Hunan.
Fang Benren: an important official of the Republic of China and a patriotic general. In 1923, he was awarded the title of "General Cuiwei" and served successively as the commander-in-chief of the Jiangxi Army of the five southeastern provinces, the Jiangxi Propaganda Envoy of the National Government, the commander of the 11th Army of the National Revolutionary Army, the commander-in-chief of the Right Army, and the chairman of the Hubei Provincial Government. A native of Huanggang, Hubei.
Fang Shaozhou (1868-1940). A native of Dingyuan, Anhui. A member of the alliance, he participated in the democratic revolution against feudal autocracy in the early years. In his later years, he devoted himself to the cause of national liberation. He sacrificed his life for the country in the Anti-Japanese War. He was a famous anti-Japanese hero in the Jianghuai area. He once served as the commander-in-chief of the Northern Anhui Province against Yuan Dynasty. During the Anti-Japanese War, he served as the commander of the Feng (Yang) Ding (Yuan) Anti-Japanese Rangers.
Fang Dishan: At that time, he was called "Da Fang". In modern times, he was called "Lian Sheng". He inlays people's names into couplets, which are all improvised and never drafted. They are completely natural and the meaning of the words is extremely perfect. He often integrates allusions naturally without leaving any traces of chiseling. He is a unique person and is known as the "Sage of Couples". He is from Jiangsu.
Fang Yaoyu: He was known as "Lao Fang" at that time. One of the three most prestigious collectors in the world of ancient coins in modern times. Standing opposite Zhang Shuxun in Hangzhou and Luo Luo Zhaoding in Chongqing, there was a proverb at the time: "Northern China" , Nanzhang, Xishuluo" are famous at home and abroad. He is the author of "Essays on the School Monument", which is highly praised by connoisseurs at home and abroad as an unprecedented work. Zhejiang native.
Fang Yexian: The creator of China’s earliest domestic mosquito-repellent incense ("Samsung" mosquito-repellent incense). The founder of China's first cosmetics company "China Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.". Known as China's daily necessities The father of industrial products. A native of Ningbo.
Fang Zhenwu: A famous patriotic and anti-Japanese general, a national hero. The commander-in-chief of the Left Route Army of the Northern Expedition. Commander-in-Chief of the Anti-Japanese and National Salvation Army. In 1933, Fang Zhenwu was the former enemy commander-in-chief of the Anti-Japanese Allied Forces in Chahar Province. He led the army to march north and regain the lost territory in Chadong. After five days and nights of hard fighting, the Japanese and puppets were finally driven out of Chahar Province.
Known as "the commander-in-chief who recovered Chahar Province". A native of Shouxian County, Anhui Province.
Fang Xianjue: A famous patriotic anti-Japanese general. In the Hengyang Defense War in 1944, Fang Xianjue led the 10th Army to fight alone 47 day, and finally annihilated 29,000 enemies at the cost of 15,000 casualties. This completely shattered the myth that the Japanese army was invincible. This battle was the longest and most brutal battle for a walled city during the Anti-Japanese War. Zhan. Anhui native.
Fang Shuhong: national hero, native of Jinan City, Shandong Province. On June 25, 1939, he died heroically in the battle against the Japanese invaders in southern Shandong. He was only 31 years old and served as lieutenant general and commander of the 114th Division of the 51st Army of the Kuomintang. The Nationalist Government recognized him as a martyr and enshrined him in martyrs' temples in various places. Lieutenant General Fang Shuhong was the youngest senior general to die in the Anti-Japanese War.
Fang Dazeng: A native of Wuxi, Jiangsu, born in Beijing. He is hailed as "China's first war correspondent" by the photography community. The first Chinese war correspondent to report on the "July 7th Incident" later disappeared on the front line of the Anti-Japanese War.
Fang Zhenguo: National hero. After the "September-8th" Incident, Fang Zhenguo established the 36th Route Army of the "Northeast People's Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army" and served as commander. The army attacked the Japanese and puppet troops in the Jiucaiyu and Xialaokan areas on the borders of Kaiyuan, Tieling, Qingyuan, and Xifeng. The Japanese and puppets were panicked, and were later encircled and suppressed by the puppet Manchukuo army. Fang Zhenguo died heroically during the breakout. A native of Kaiyuan County, Liaoning.
Fang Zhimin: A great communist fighter, one of the founders of the Communist Party of China’s Jiangxi Provincial Organization, and a revolutionary leader in Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangxi.