In addition, there are small plaques in the shape of scroll, banana leaf and fan, which are mostly scattered in gardens, caves, study rooms and houses.
The plaque is a unique language and cultural symbol in China with a long history. The ancient plaque in China can be said to be a comprehensive artistic work integrating Chinese language, China calligraphy, traditional architecture and carving skills, which is both ideological and artistic.
Because the inscriptions on the plaque mostly praise kindness, encourage enterprising, wish good luck and remember interesting things. Plaque is a comprehensive art form integrating literature, calligraphy, seal cutting, carving and decoration, which is deeply loved by people. There are many people hanging plaques, so hanging plaques has become a custom to promote social harmony, which has been enduring since ancient times.
Tracing back to history, plaques originated in Qin and Han Dynasties. It is said that there were eight styles of calligraphy in Qin Shihuang's time, namely, big seal script, small seal script, seal cutting, worm script, copying, official script, dead script and official script. The series book, also known as the list book, is a font used to write plaques.
At that time, plaques often appeared with their nominations. For example, in the large Epang Palace built in Qin and Han Dynasties, there were more than 80 door plaques on the doors and valves of temples and palaces.
Such as Xuanshitang, Liangqingtang, Tianlu Pavilion, Shiqu Pavilion, Chengmingtang, Jindamen and Qilinmen; There are pepper room hall, Zhaoyang society, Yilan hall and white balcony in the harem, which shows that the building was carved at that time.
China's earliest written records about plaques are mentioned in Shuo Wen Jie Zi:
In the sixth year of Han Dynasty, Xiao He decided to give priority to the black dragon and white tiger.
Therefore, the official formation of the plaque should be at the latest in the Western Han Dynasty, when Prime Minister Xiao He personally wrote two plaques, "Qinglong" and "White Tiger", which have a history of more than 2,200 years.
In the Three Kingdoms period, there were stories about plaques in China ancient literature. Among them, there is such a record in Taiping Guangji: Dan Wei, a famous calligrapher in the Three Kingdoms period, was good at writing all kinds of calligraphy, especially plaque calligraphy. At that time, Wei Wendi had just built LingYuntai, so he ordered Dan Wei to write a plaque for it. Later, Luoyang Xuye Sandu Palace was built, and Dan Wei was ordered to make a plaque for the palace and make it a permanent system.
However, at that time, it was very dangerous to write plaques on palaces and towers. Because most of the plaques at that time were made of stone, if you want to engrave, you have to hang them on the tower with a rope, so Dan Wei warned his descendants not to learn the list book to avoid danger. It can be seen that writing plaques at that time was a very dangerous period.
In the Wei and Jin Dynasties, princes and nobles not only began to be keen on writing plaques on palace towers, but also attached great importance to the calligraphy of inscriptions. Everyone is willing to pay a high price to ask the calligrapher at that time to inscribe.
There is such a record in Taiping Guangji:
In Taiyuan, Emperor Xiaowu changed the rules of the gates of palaces and temples, and wanted Wang Xianzhi to write a cursive title list and provide a solid speech. This is for Liu Huan to write an eight o'clock book. Later, Wen Xiu was changed to eight points and a big seal.
In the Tang Dynasty, both the imperial court and calligraphers paid more and more attention to the method of writing tablets. Yan Zhenqing, a famous calligrapher, discussed the calligraphy points of inscriptions in the article "Inscription Table of Imperial Book Topic Pool".
As a minister of a government department