What are the strokes in calligraphy?

The brushwork of calligraphy can be summarized as center, oblique, hidden front, exposed front, reverse front, sliding front, Fang Bi, round pen, stroke direction, brushwork and so on.

The center is in the center of the pen. When writing a book, the front end of the pen should be kept in the middle of the strokes, so that the stippling can be complete and vigorous. This is because when the pen is transported in the middle of stippling, the ink seeps evenly from both sides along the pen tip and reaches around, so stippling does not have the shortcomings of being light on the top and heavy on the bottom or light on the left and heavy on the right. Such lines are rich, round and full of three-dimensional characteristics. The technique of centering is the most basic brushwork.

Oblique front, also known as lateral front, means that when using a pen, the pen tilts to one side and the center tilts to the stroke side, so the stippling written is light and hairy, thick and dry, and often zigzag.

Hidden front, specifically, is to hide the head and protect the tail. That is, the pen tip is hidden in the middle of stippling and not directly exposed. Hide your head, that is, when you start writing, you should "go down horizontally, go down horizontally" and "if you want to be right, you should be left first, and if you want to be left, you should be right first". Tail protection means "don't go anywhere, don't sag or shrink", and finally protect the nib. Zang Feng's brushwork gives people a feeling of implicative, heavy and dignified. Hiding the head is to put the pen tip on the paper and hide it in front. Tail protection is to retract the nib.

Exposing the front, also known as the front, is often used at the end of a pen, which refers to the action of collecting the pen by exposing the front of the pen. When the main pen uses the hidden front, the auxiliary pen can use the exposed front. The Tibetan front shows pen power, and the front should be vigorous and vigorous.

The reverse front means that the pen tip runs in the opposite direction, and the hidden front is written with the reverse front. This method hides the traces of brush strokes in it, making the brush strokes delicate and full, and preparing for the brush strokes after writing. When Feng Lu started writing, he walked along the front of the pen without looking back, or the end of the pen did not look back, but went straight, indicating that SF had a sense of elegance and fluency. But don't expose the front for too long, it will produce the feeling of light oil, so pay attention to the discretion. In a sense, forward striker and backward striker are the concrete manifestations of exposed striker and hidden striker.

Fang Bi and round pen are two different forms of strokes. Generally speaking, Fang Bi is angular, and a round pen is not angular. Fang Bi used the method of "bending the pen" to form edges and corners at the beginning and end of stippling lines, that is, "folding into a square", giving people a feeling of being vigorous, straight and rigorous. The round pen uses the method of "lifting the pen to turn round" to form a rounded trend at the beginning and end of the dotted line, which makes it not show bones and muscles, and contains powerful power, that is, "turning round". Understand that Fang Bi and the round pen are different pen forms. Fang Bi and round pen are the basic forms of calligraphy lines.

The eight methods of the word "Yong", that is, taking the eight stroke order of the word "Yong" as an example, illustrate the block letter method.

The eight strokes of the word "Yong" are actually the eight strokes of the word "Yong", which represent the general strokes in China's calligraphy, namely "side, joy, anger, gas, strategy, grazing, pecking and grazing".

1, the point is the side (such as the upside down of a bird)

Side means inclined, and the point should be inclined, such as a huge stone standing on its side, which is steep and powerful. If the point is flat or upright, it will be silly and boring. The word "Yong" is closed on the front, in order to take care of the horizontal painting below.

2, cross for le (such as le)

Take uphill, if the rider tightens the reins, the force is inward and straight through the crossbow (vertical). If you drag the pen horizontally or obliquely downward, it will run out. Put pen to paper against the front, slow down, hurry up, and keep the trend of "taking a step back and getting what you want". It is not advisable to slide along the front to avoid light floating stagnation.

3, vertical crossbow (same as Mr., difficult also)

Anger is powerful, and vertical painting takes the trend of straight inside and curved outside, like a crossbow standing upright, which is curved but contains infinite power. Therefore, vertical painting should not be too straight, and it must conform to the overall situation of fonts. Only when it is straight in music can it move forward. Too straight as dead wood, though straight and weak.

4, the hook is a hook (the way you jump, the same jump)

When getting out of the hook, you should squat down in front to gain motivation, then quickly pick up the pen and twist the front, so that you can get out of the front and concentrate on the nib. If you want to jump, you need to squat first and then jump suddenly. The front is uneven, in order to echo the raiders (pick) brush.

5, for policy (such as riding a horse with a whip)

The original meaning of policy is whip, which means cooperation here. Pick painting is mostly used on the left side of the word, and its potential is inclined to the right and up, which is in harmony with the stippling on the right, forming an arch-shaped situation. Yongzi's plane is slightly flat, mainly with the peck on the right (horizontal left). Although the two strokes are not randomly symmetrical, their hearts are interlinked and corresponding. The potential is slightly higher, the strength is in the pen, and the strength is in the front.

6. Skimming is skimming (skimming is skimming)

Such as hair swept by the grate, such as swallows swept under the eaves. It is said that writing a picture of prey should be like brushing the surface of an object with your hands. Although the pen is gradually accelerated, the front is flexible and sharp, taking its natural and neat posture, but the force should be sent to the end, otherwise it will float.

7, short left is pecking (such as bird pecking)

It is said that horizontal writing should be like a bird pecking. This pen is quick and sharp. Write left, sharp and oblique, and win with light strength

8. Si is a split sound (narrow split sound, split sacrifice is a split sound, meaning to open the pen)

There are two meanings here: first, it refers to the role of painting in font structure, and the original meaning of painting refers to dismemberment and sacrifice, which means disintegration and cracking. The si paintings in regular script are inherited from the tide of official script, which just dissolves the bending and winding forms of Xiao Zhuan and makes the font open to the outside world. Therefore, official script is also called Zishu, and si in regular script also plays this role. Although the regular script strokes are connected, they stretch outward, making the font develop comfortably and widely. The second is to say that this should be strong, sharp and imposing. The original meaning of painting is dismemberment, and dismemberment must be split with a knife. Painting is cutting with a knife. When writing, you should go against the front lightly, slowly and step by step. In the end, you should be calm and powerful, full of twists and turns, and the situation is natural.