Reading and Translation of Di Zigui's Full Text

The original text of Disciple's Rules and its explanation: Disciple's' sage' admonition is filial piety. I truly believe that I love the masses and have the spare capacity to study. Commentary: Reading is as happy as teaching a son. Disciples' Rules is the guideline of students' life, which is compiled according to the teachings of Confucius, the most holy teacher. First of all, in our daily life, we should honor our parents and love our brothers and sisters. Secondly, we should be cautious and match our words with our deeds. When interacting with the public, we should be equal and kind. We should always be close to people with kindness and learn from them. These are the foundations of learning and must be done. If you do, you should study six arts, such as etiquette, music, archery, imperial art, calligraphy art, various classics and other useful knowledge. -Don't be good at it, though it's small. Not good at it. Although small, don't hide, hide, hurt your heart, hurt your relatives, worry about morality, hurt your shame, love my filial piety, hate my filial piety, and make it more enjoyable. My voice is soft and I don't like it. After remonstrance, I cried, I didn't complain, my relatives were ill, I tried my best to stay in bed for three years day and night, often sad, submit to humiliation, and live in a house. If a person can be filial, he will have a kind heart. With this kind heart, many people can benefit. At home, when parents call us, they should answer it as soon as they hear it. Don't answer slowly. When our parents ask us to do something, we should act quickly and don't delay or be too lazy to do it. When parents want us to study hard and teach us, we must be respectful and not casual, and we must listen to our hearts. If our parents blame our mistakes, we should obey and bear them. We shouldn't go against them and make them sad. As children, we should pay attention to whether our parents wear warm clothes and live in warm places in winter. Consider whether parents feel cool in summer. Get up every morning, be sure to visit your parents and ask how you are; When you come back at night, you must also greet your parents. When you go out, tell your parents where you want to go. When you get home, you must meet your parents and reassure them. There is a certain order in daily life, and we will not change what we do casually. Although things are small, don't make a decision without telling your parents. If you act arbitrarily, it will be detrimental to your duties as a child. Although things are small, don't hide behind your parents' backs. Parents must be very sad to know. Parents should try their best to prepare everything they like, and parents should carefully exclude everything they don't like. If our bodies are hurt, it will definitely bring sadness to our parents. If our character is missing, it will make our parents feel humiliated and humiliated. Parents love their children, and children can be filial to their parents, which is extremely natural. What is the difficulty of such filial piety? If parents hate us, but they can still be filial, it will be commendable. Most people always think that what parents have paid for their children is the obligation of filial piety. What's the difference between this and bargaining in the vegetable market? When parents make mistakes, they must persuade and correct their children, but when persuading, they must never keep a straight face, keep an expression, be gentle and cheerful, and speak gently and peacefully. If parents don't accept our suggestion, wait until parents are happy. If parents are still stubborn and don't listen to advice, people with filial piety can't bear to let their parents fall into injustice, and even cry loudly and beg their parents to make up for it. Even if they are beaten by their parents, they don't complain. When their parents are ill, no matter whether the soup is too cold or too hot, children must taste it first. No matter day or night, we should serve our parents and not be too far away from them at will. When your parents are seriously ill, they need someone to take care of them most, especially their children can accompany you and take care of their daily lives. This is the warmest and most satisfying thing for parents. When our parents are seriously ill and dying, as children, can we give up this opportunity because of our busy career or lack of time? Parents died unfortunately and had to mourn for three years. During the mourning period, they often cry because they miss their parents, and the place where they live has become simple. They have given up drinking and eating meat. Handling parents' funerals should conform to etiquette, not sloppy, and be sincere when offering sacrifices. Respect your dead parents as before. Why are you doing this? Confucius said: "Children are born three years before they leave their parents' arms and can eat by themselves, which gives parents a little relief. As children, why can't we always miss our parents and love them during the three-year mourning period? "In life, parents are our closest people and give us the most kindness. We should study hard the etiquette of filial piety to our parents, regard filial piety as a major event, and operate with our heart in order to stand between heaven and earth. Filial piety may not make our family rich or have a garden villa to live in, but it can establish a natural and harmonious order and let us live in a peaceful and pleasant environment. Home, if it is a person's fortress, filial piety is the cornerstone under the fortress. More filial piety, more protection for the family. Let's use filial piety to make the family an indestructible fortress. These rules of Disciple Rules seem ordinary, but if we earnestly implement them, it will bring joy to our parents. Things that are not sexual can be compared. You can cultivate such good manners at home now, and you will naturally get unexpected gains in the future. -Don't call your elders by their first names. Don't meet your elders. Lu Yu is dying. The dragon was silent, ready to retire and dismount. It's too late to wait for more than a hundred steps. Older people are young, so don't sit on your elders. Sit in front of them, keep your voice low, but it's not appropriate to approach, so back off. Ask father, father, brother, brother's treatment. Explanation: We are brothers when we are away from home. At home, we should talk about the way brothers get along with each other, and talk about the rules of how to get along with each other in these norms. It is natural for children to be polite and know how to respect others, so they can easily integrate into the group and be accepted by everyone. Brothers and sisters should be friendly to brothers and sisters, and brothers and sisters should respect each other, so that brothers and sisters can live in harmony, reduce conflicts and parents will be happy. There is filial piety in this harmony. Look down on the money used outside the body and care less, so there will be no resentment between brothers; Don't speak too impulsively. If you hurt your feelings, you should be able to hold back, and then unnecessary contradictions and resentment will disappear. In daily life, some people think that children are young, get along with their elders, and don't expect too much from them. When they grow up, they will naturally adapt and even spoil their children, giving them delicious and useful things first, so that children can take it for granted and don't know how to treat their elders politely, thus misleading children to develop bad habits. However, Disciple Rules teaches us not to neglect the virtue of cultivating comity from childhood because of the love of adults. Whether eating or drinking, please ask your elders to use it first; If you sit with your elders, ask them to sit first; If you go with your elders, let them go first. The elders heard it when they called, so they should call for the elders. If the called person is not here, you should report back to your elders, and you can further ask your elders if they need any help. When addressing elders, you should not call them by their first names, which is impolite; Don't show your talents in front of your elders and despise them. When you meet your elders when you walk, you should quickly come forward to salute and say hello. If your elders don't talk to us, stand aside respectfully and let them go first. If you are riding a horse, you have to dismount when you meet an elder. If you take a bus, get off and let the elders go first. Wait about a hundred steps before getting on the bus or getting on the bus. If the elders are still standing, young people should not sit down first. If the elders are sitting, we can only sit down if we are allowed to. Speak in a low voice in front of your elders, but the answer is too low to be heard clearly and inappropriate. Just be gentle and clear Walk quickly when you meet your elders and behave politely. Quit slowly when you leave. When the elders ask questions, they should stand up and answer, keep their eyes fixed and don't shake from side to side. Treat uncles with the same respect as your own father, and treat brothers of the same race. As kind as your brother. ............................................................................................................................................... ............................ has a place. Don't screw it up. Get the clothes dirty and clean. It's not expensive. According to the following points, family members should not choose what to eat, but don't overdo it. The ugliest step is to stand up straight and calmly, to worship deeply and roundly, not to be lame, not to lean against the curtain, not to shake, not to turn wide, not to touch the edge, and to hold the dummy. If someone is busy, don't be afraid of difficulties, don't go into battle lightly, don never ask who will get started, ask who will be saved in class. People will ask who is not clear about using characters in me and my name. This is not difficult to explain, just borrow words in time without asking. As a child, you should try to get up early and go to bed late, because the years of life are limited, time is easy to pass, and young people will become old people in an instant, so we should cherish the precious time now. Be sure to wash your face first, then brush your teeth and wash your hands after defecation every morning. This is a good boy who pays attention to hygiene. Wear the right hat when going out, and button up when wearing clothes; Wear socks and shoes properly, and tie your shoelaces tightly, so that your whole body looks neat. Take off your hat and clothes in a fixed position, and don't throw them around to avoid wrinkling and soiling. Dressing is neat and tidy, not expensive and gorgeous, but according to one's status and family's economic situation. Don't be picky about food, and eat in moderation, not too much. We are young and underage, so we shouldn't try drinking, because being drunk is the easiest way to show inappropriate words and deeds. Walk slowly and stand up straight. Pay attention to bow deeply when saluting, and be respectful when bowing. Don't step on the threshold when entering the door, avoid leaning forward when standing, don't spread a dustpan or look dignified and strong with your feet when sitting, and don't shake your feet or twist your hips to show your graceful posture. Open the curtains slowly when you enter the door, try not to make any noise, stay away from the edges and corners when walking and turning, and keep a wide distance to avoid touching the edges and corners and hurting your body; Treat empty tableware as carefully as full, and enter an empty room as if you were in someone else's room. Don't be in a hurry, you are prone to make mistakes when you are in a hurry, don't be afraid of difficulties, hesitate to retreat, and don't be sloppy. We shouldn't stay near places where fighting is easy; There is no need to ask questions about evil and bizarre things. Before we start, ask: "Hello"? When you are about to walk into the hall, first turn up the volume to let the people in the hall know; If someone asks, "Who are you?" Say your name when you answer. If you just say "I" or "I", the other party can't hear who it is. If you want to use other people's things, you must make it clear to them in advance. If we use them without permission, it is equivalent to stealing. Return the borrowed things as soon as they are used up, and it won't be too difficult to borrow them from others when they are in urgent need. These principles of common language behavior enable us to know and act, master ourselves, make things more efficient, treat people more harmoniously, and create a harmonious environment between body and mind. If you can't do it for a while, don't be discouraged, as long as you can clearly understand the direction, agree with the enlightenment of the sages, and be willing to ponder slowly with kung fu, just as Pushi can slowly present beautiful jade. -Don't make mistakes unless you make them. Every word is heavy and comfortable. Don't be vague Gossiping is none of your business. Don't idle to see others' good. That is, Si Qi will see people's evil from a distance, that is, introspection will change without police, and virtue will learn, so people are not as good as themselves. Clothes are not as healthy as people, so you can't smell anger, fame and fortune, harm, fame and fortune, fear and fear. If you have an evil heart, you can go up in smoke. Covered up, you get an explanation: anyone who speaks must first pay attention to credit. Can fraud work forever in society? It's better to talk less than to talk more. Everything is real. Don't talk nonsense. In addition, treacherous and eloquent words, obscene and indecent words, and the common tone of rogues should be effectively removed. Before seeing the truth of the matter, don't express your opinions easily, don't know things clearly enough, don't spread them easily, and don't agree easily. If you agree easily, you will be in a dilemma. Speak steadily and comfortably, and don't speak too fast or too fast, or speak vaguely, so that people can't hear clearly or get the wrong meaning. Others say that others are right and wrong, so don't mind your own business. Seeing other people's good behavior, I have a good idea to keep up with him. Although there is still a long way to go, I will certainly catch up with him as long as I work hard. Whether it is a big good thing or a small good thing, we must have fantastic confidence and courage to do it. Xiaoshan should not act rashly, but should seize the opportunity to do it in time and try his best. When you see others commit crimes, you must first reflect on yourself. If you make the same mistake, you should change it immediately. If you don't do this, you will be more vigilant not to make the same mistake. When moral knowledge and talent are not as good as others, we should try our best to catch up. As for the clothes we wear and the food we eat, we don't have to worry or be depressed. I get angry when people say I'm wrong, and I'm happy when I praise them. In this way, there will be more and more bad friends, and sincere and beneficial friends will not dare to be with us. If I hear others praise me, I will first reflect on myself, for fear that I will not have these advantages, but become a hollow reputation; When I hear others criticize my mistake, but I accept it gladly, then the more honest people like to be close to us. If you don't do something wrong on purpose, it's called fault; If you knowingly commit a crime, it is a crime. If you accidentally make a mistake, you will change less and less if you are brave enough to correct it, and you will gradually become innocent. If you deliberately cover up your mistakes, there is another crime of covering up. -Don't flatter the rich, don't be arrogant and poor, don't like new people, don't idle away, don't disturb people, don't reveal people's privacy, don't say kindness is a good person, the more you know, the more you want to encourage people, the more you do, the more you repair irregular roads, the more you know, the more you should take, the more you shouldn't ask yourself, the more you want to report grievances, the shorter you want to report grievances. Although you are kind and generous, you will convince others, otherwise you will convince others Good people and bad people, smart and stupid, precious and poor, and ethnic boundaries are all pure kindness, not for fame and fortune. It is a great harmony realm of "Great Harmony in Heaven and Great Harmony in Earth". Everyone is a gentleman who loves the masses. He has the idea that I am a family with someone, so he is willing to put aside his selfishness and care about the masses. If we learn to be kind to others everywhere, improve morality, maintain character and learn all kinds of talents in depth, I believe we can also make a cause that benefits the masses. People with high moral character naturally have high prestige, and people admire virtue, not whether they are outstanding in appearance; People with great talents naturally have great prestige, and people are impressed by real talents, not just expressing their opinions. Don't be selfish and conservative about what you are capable of doing; When you see that others are talented, praise them more, and don't belittle them because of jealousy. Don't flatter the rich and seek glory; Don't show arrogance to the poor, don't abandon relatives and old friends, and don't blindly like new people and new friends. Confucius, the most holy teacher, taught us that the poor can enjoy themselves more morally than flattery, while the rich not only do not hinder others with pride, but also respect the public with courtesy. Poverty and wealth are just different lifestyles. We should learn etiquette to enrich our talents, give full play to the benevolence of others and me, and create a happy society of "being poor means being happy, and being rich means being polite". If someone else has something to do and is too busy, don't bother him with anything; The other person is physically and mentally unstable, so we won't interfere with him with gossip. Never expose other people's shortcomings. If others have secrets that they don't want people to know, we shouldn't tell them. Praising the good deeds of others is equivalent to doing good deeds by yourself, because the other party will be more encouraged to do good deeds when they know it; To preach the sins of others is tantamount to doing evil by yourself. If you hate them too much, it will bring disaster. Doing good deeds can encourage each other, and both people can build good virtues. If they make a mistake and don't convince each other, both sides will leave defects in their behavior. When dealing with people in property, we should distinguish clearly and unambiguously. In other words, property is generous to Dobusch only when it is with others; Take less of other people's property; If you have something to entrust or talk to someone, ask yourself whether you like it or not, and stop immediately if you don't like it. Others are kind to me, and I should always want to repay him; If you accidentally make an enemy with someone, you should ask others for forgiveness and forget the hatred as soon as possible. The shorter the time you complain, the better, but the intention to repay you will last forever. Pay attention to your behavior when you treat your maids and servants, and don't be frivolous. If you can be kind and generous, it will be more perfect. Power can make people obey, although they dare not resist on the surface, but they don't think so in their hearts. Only by influencing each other with reason can people be convinced without complaining. Although few people use maid servants now, the relationship between superiors and subordinates can still be seen everywhere. Let's learn from the universal love of a benevolent gentleman and think more about the public. * * * Create a caring society ............................................................................................................................................ .................................. explained: They are all people, but the categories are not necessarily neat. Generally speaking, the layman who goes with the flow accounts for the majority, and there are very few people with kindness. For a true benevolent, everyone naturally respects him. A benevolent person will not deliberately conceal and distort the facts when he speaks, nor will he deliberately flatter others. People who can get close to benevolence will get unlimited benefits from learning from him, their moral character will naturally improve and their mistakes will be reduced. Those who refuse to get close to the benevolent will do a lot of harm, and the villain will take advantage of it and surround himself, and things will be ruined. -.Don't be soft, try to get stuck, and you have doubts. With reading notes, people will ask for clarification, clear the walls and clean up several cases. Clean the brush and inkstone, the ink color is exhausted, and the words are disrespectful. The abused books will be listed first. Looking at it, the repair department will be a sacred book screen, although it has a rush, a bundle, flaws and flaws. Don't treat us as smart bad guys. Do not give up on yourself. Sages and sages can be tamed. Explanation: Respect for benevolence should be carried out diligently, refusing to practice, and only learning and exploring through knowledge. This is the easiest way to get into the habit of being illusory and flashy. How can I become a really useful person? On the other hand, if we only pay attention to gravity and refuse to learn knowledge, it is easy to cling to our own views and not conform to the truth, which is not our proper attitude. Nowadays, it is popular to vilify sages, doubt the ancients and despise the ethical road. In recent years, basic filial piety has been especially regarded as outdated. Although everyone has the intention of reforming social chaos and has spent a lot of manpower and material resources to advocate it, the concept of ethics has been forgotten for too long, making it impossible to rectify social order. Confucius once pointed out: "A gentleman with determination, self-reliance and kindness should learn all kinds of knowledge extensively, and then use etiquette to restrain his words and deeds. Such a gentleman with knowledge and etiquette will not go too far. " Disciples Rules concretizes the content of the ceremony. As long as you practice according to Disciples' Rules and learn all kinds of classics and life knowledge, you will have lofty wisdom and courage to practice. People who have both wisdom and courage will certainly not deviate from the right path. The right road is a straight road, and they will soon reach their goal. Reading methods should pay attention to three aspects, namely, heart, eyes and mouth. These three things should be done seriously. When you are reading this paragraph, don't think about other paragraphs. You haven't finished reading this paragraph. Don't jump to another paragraph because you are not interested or curious, but look here and there, not sure, and read it step by step. When reading, there should be norms. There should be a relatively ample time limit for reading a book or a course. However, you can't wait until the time limit is approaching just because you have extra time. If you are in a hurry, you will delay things. Therefore, you should study hard as soon as it is standardized. When you encounter a place that is difficult to get through, you should concentrate on your research. As long as you work hard, you will naturally understand. This is the so-called book reading a thousand times, and its significance is self-evident. If you have questions and you still can't understand them after repeated thinking, just write them down with a pen and ask the relevant teachers for advice. You must get the right answer before you can let it go. The study should be kept simple and tidy, the surrounding walls should be kept clean, the desk should be kept clean, the pens and inkstones used should be placed neatly, and the inkstones should be polished. If the ink stick is flattened, it is not intentional. If the writing is casual and unfair, it is that your husband is ill. Put the classic books in a fixed place and put them back in their original place immediately after reading them. Even if there is an emergency, you must tidy them up before you leave. When books are damaged, they should be repaired immediately to keep them intact. You love books, and books love you. You have a respect for them, a respect leads to a harvest, and a great respect leads to a great harvest. If it is not a book that conveys the truth of sages, we should throw it aside and ignore it, because improper things in the book will blind our wisdom and ruin our pure ambition. Don't be conceited and don't give up on yourself. Although the realm of sages is high, everyone can achieve it one step at a time. When we are young and ignorant, we can cultivate sages if we use appropriate teaching materials and cooperate with excellent environment to cultivate learning. The truth in Disciples' Rules is the teachings of the saints. Filial piety is the first priority when going forward, younger brother is the first when going out, sincerity and trustworthiness, love for the masses, kindness and spare no effort to study literature, starting from the ethics in daily life and extending to schools and society through family, can best cultivate the character of a gentleman. Therefore, this book should be read carefully and repeatedly, go deep into the heart, as a mirror of personal reflection, and point to behavior with a pointer.