Tang tasted it and saw the ancient tablet written by Jin (a famous calligrapher in the Western Jin Dynasty). I stayed in Ma Guanzhi for a long time and then left. After walking a few hundred steps, I got off the horse and stood exhausted. I sat and watched with cloth (shop) and leather (leather). I went for three days because I lived next door.
[translation]
Ou Yangxun once traveled and saw an ancient monument written by Suo Jing in the Western Jin Dynasty. So he stopped to watch and left after a long time. After walking hundreds of steps, I came back, got off the horse and stood in front of the monument to watch. When you are tired, spread out your coat and sit down and observe. So I slept next to it and didn't leave until three days and nights.
Classical Chinese knowledge
The word structure of "suo" If the word "suo" in classical Chinese is followed by a verb, the structure of the word "suo" will be formed, such as "suo Shu" above. Moreover, the word structure of "go", "hit", "read" and "all" often omits the object. "Book" refers to words; "Where to go" is where to go; "Beating" is the object of attack; "Reading" refers to reading books; "All" is what you have.
[Cultural common sense]
Calligrapher Ou Yangxun. Ou Yangxun was a famous calligrapher in the early Tang Dynasty. His writing is bold and incisive, seeing danger from the ordinary, unique, and internationally known as "European style", which has a great influence on later generations. His true book "Li Quanming in Jiuchenggong" is widely circulated and is a model for beginners.
[Inspiration and reference]
Learn from others and become a family.
[Thinking and Practice]
1. Explanation: ① and; 2 yes; ③ Fang
2. Translation: I stayed in Ma Guanzhi for a long time and left.
22. Zhang Hongye and Kite
It is said that Gongye Chang (a student of Confucius) can understand hundreds of birds. One day, an owl (that is, an eagle) came to report to Gongye Chang and said, "Chief Metallurgical Officer, Chief Metallurgical Officer! There is a dead roe in the south! The child eats its meat and I eat its intestines! " Grandpa should often go and get a reward, but he has no intention of feeding owls with his intestines. The owl is complaining.
After living (living), there is nothing (soon), and the owl is back as before. After a long journey, I saw several people screaming around something. The commander thought he was dead and he was afraid of being taken away. He shouted from a distance, "I'll kill him! I killed it! " Yes, it's a dead man. So they arrested the magistrate (county magistrate) After questioning and arguing for a long time, Zai said, "You said' I'm going to kill you'. What kind of deception is this!" Ye Chang was speechless.
[translation]
It is said that Gongye Chang can understand the language of birds. One day, a kite came to report to Gongyechang and said, "Gongyechang! Grandpa Chang! There is a dead roe deer in the south of the city! You eat its meat and I eat its intestines! " Grandpa often promised to go again later, and sure enough, he got the roe deer, but he didn't give the kite the idea of intestines. Kite used it to resent him. After a while, the eagle came to report the same situation as before. Grandpa often went there again and saw several people quarrelling around something. Grandpa often thinks it's a dead roe deer, and he is afraid that others will take it away, so he shouts from a distance: "I killed it!" I killed it! " After that, he's dead. So they often go to see the county magistrate with their grandfather. When the county magistrate questioned him, grandpa often repeatedly argued that he didn't do that. Yi Zi said, "What you said about' I killed him' is not true!" Grandpa is often speechless.
Classical Chinese knowledge
Is based on. "Yes" should be understood as "Yes" and interpreted as "So" or "So". "Yi" is interpreted as "cause" and "yes" as "this" and "this", which together means "because of this reason" or "so". In addition, "people treat people well and respect people" is the kindness of that person, so everyone respects him.
[Thinking and Practice]
1. Choice: The reasons for Gongye Chang's self-eating consequences are: ① insatiable greed; 2 repay evil with evil; 3 false promises; 4 arrogance; ⑤ Get something for nothing. ( )
However, it has no intention of feeding the owl with its intestines.
2. What can classical Chinese say?
Ancient poems: 300 Tang poems, 300 Song poems and 300 Yuan songs.
Classical Chinese: A Thousand Poems, Book of Songs, Book of Changes, Analects of Confucius, Book of Rites, Shangshu, Spring and Autumn Period, Warring States Policy, Laozi, Zhuangzi, Everything is Wrong, Mencius, Mozi, Xunzi, Sun Tzu's Art of War, Thirty-six Strategies, Guiguzi. The Doctrine of the Mean, Family Instructions of Zhu Zi, Family Instructions of Yan Family, Spring and Autumn Annals of Lu Family, Songs of the South, The Sutra of Immortality, The Diamond Sutra, and Zi Tongzhi Jian.
Caigen Tan, Night Talk Around the Furnace, Tales of Small Windows, Aphorisms, Hundreds of Surnames, Travel in Qionglin, Enlightenment of Rhythm and Tamia Liu? Three Views, Hundred Battles, Long Wen Whip Shadow, * * * Language, Nightmare Shadow.
Biography, think tank, letters from Zeng Guofan, human stories, couplets, idle notes, Bitan, Suiyuan poems, Wen Xin Diao Long and Xiao Ji.
History: Historical Records, History of the Three Kingdoms, History of Han Dynasty, History of Later Han Dynasty.
Among them, Wen Xin Diao Long and Long Wen Bian Ying teach future generations how to write, which is very helpful to the study of ancient Chinese. Couplets and aphorisms are more like ancient Chinese grammar.
In addition, the "son of Yang" in the first volume of Chinese in the fifth grade of primary school
3. What do you know about classical Chinese? Learning aid >; Problem page
solve
Types of classical Chinese
According to the stylistic classification, there are: set, Ming, saying, table and narration.
Example:
Reporter: Zou Ji satirizes Kehar, the King of Qi in the Western Han Dynasty, the Peach Blossom Garden in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the Three Gorges in the Northern Wei Dynasty, Xiaoshitang in the Tang Dynasty, Yueyang Tower in the Northern Song Dynasty 1046, Zuiwengting Pavilion 1084, and a night tour in Chengtian Temple.
Ming dynasty: the humble room inscription of Tang dynasty
Debate over the Spring and Autumn Period The Analects of Confucius during the Warring States Period after the Spring and Autumn Period, I want what I want, born in sorrow and died in happiness, said Ma Shuo in the Tang Dynasty and Ailian in the Northern Song Dynasty.
Table: The Teacher's Table of Shu Kingdom in the Three Kingdoms
Preface: "Preface to Send Dongyang Ming".
Zhangfa
4. What are the classical Chinese in junior high school? What are the classical Chinese in Grade One and Grade Seven?
1, Tong Qu (Shen Fu) 2, Ten Articles of the Analects of Confucius 3, Pu Songling in Rocks 4, Two Liu Yiqing in Shi Shuo Xin Yu 5, Yong Xue 6, Chen Taiqiu's Friendship 7, Four Fables 8, Naoko's Suspected Neighbor 9, every cloud has a silver lining.
Grade two and seven, volume two of classical Chinese.
1, Shang, Wang Anshi 2, Sun Quan's exhortation to learn Zi Jian 3, ventriloquism 4, two essays 5, daily life 6, * * public anger can't touch Zhoushan 7, wolf Pu Songling.
The first volume of classical Chinese in Grade 38
1, Tao Yuanming in Peach Blossom Garden 2, two essays 3, Zhuozheng Dianming (Liu Yuxi) 4, Ailian's Theory (Zhou Dunyi) 5, Story of Nuclear Boat (Wei Xueyi) 6, Journey to Avenue (Book of Rites) 7, Three Gorges (Li Daoyuan) 8, two essays 9, Bai Zhongshu (Tao Hongjing) 650.
Classical Chinese in the second volume of Grade Four and Eight
1, Wu Jun and Zhu, Tao Yuanming and Mr. Wuliu, Han Yu and Ma, Song Lian and Ma in Dongyang, Liu Zongyuan and Xiaoshitang, Fan Zhongyan and Yueyang Tower, Ouyang Xiu and Zuiwengting, Yuan Hongdao and Travel Notes.
The first volume of classical Chinese in grade five or nine
1, Chen She aristocratic family Sima Qian 2, Tang Ju failed to fulfill his mission, The Warring States Policy 3, Longzhong vs. Chen Shou 4, Zhuge Liang as the teacher.
Grade six or nine, volume two of classical Chinese
1, lost Mozi 2, Mencius 2, gained more help, gained less help 4, was born in sorrow, died in happiness 5, fish I want, Mencius 6, Zhuangzi 2 story 7, Keiko Xiang Liang 8, Zhuangzi and Keiko You Haoliang 9, Cao Gui argued Zuo Zhuan 60.
Extended data:
Classical Chinese is a written language based on ancient spoken Chinese. In ancient times, there was little difference between classical Chinese and spoken English. Today's classical Chinese is an article composed of an ancient written language in China, mainly including the written language based on the spoken language in the pre-Qin period. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, there were no articles for writing, but bamboo slips, silk books and other things were used to write.
With the change of history and the evolution of spoken language, the difference between classical Chinese and spoken language has gradually expanded, and "classical Chinese" has become the exclusive language of scholars. Classical Chinese is relative to the vernacular Chinese after the New Culture Movement, and there was no such thing as classical Chinese in ancient times. It is characterized by paying attention to the use of allusions, parallel prose and neat melody, including strategies, poems, words, songs, stereotyped writing, parallel prose and other styles.
References:
Sogou encyclopedia: classical Chinese
5. What are the arguments of Cao Gui in the classical Chinese Zuo Zhuan?
Su Qin and Lian Heng on Qin-Warring States Policy
Jiao Long said Zhao-Warring States Policy
Qiushui-Zhuangzi
Yan Zi controls Chu-Yan Zi's Spring and Autumn Period
Bian Que meets Cai Huangong-everything is wrong.
Buju-Quyuan
Fisherman-Qu Yuan
Feng Fusong Yu
Goddess yufusong
On Qin (Ⅰ)-Jia Yi
Seven rounds-Meicheng
Hongmen Banquet-Sima Qian
My concubine-Sima Qian
After the Great Wall was completed, it belonged to Zhao-Sima Qian.
Return to Tianfu-Zhang Heng
Suwu Shepherd-Bangu
The Combination of Narration, Lines and Tasks —— Cai Yong
Climbing the Building-RoyceWong
Former model-Zhuge Liang
Luoshenfu-Caozhi
Chen Qingbiao-Shimi
Thoughts on the Same Order of Lao and Fu —— Xiang Embroidery
Longzhongdui-Chen Shou
The combination of autumn prosperity and fu
Preface to Lanting Collection-Wang Xizhi
Taohuayuan-Tao Yuanming
Go back, come back, and say the words in the same order-biographies of Tao Yuanming and Yan Guang Ye Fan
Knife catcher by the bed-Liu Yiqing
Wucheng Zhao fubao
Confucius' Perception —— Literary Transfer in Beishan
Hatred-Jiang Yan
Beppu-Jiangyan
Thought of Song and Yuan Dynasties-Wu Jun
The night pavilion is full of geese-Xiao Yi
Preface to Memorizing Jiangnan —— Geng Xin
Chunfu-Geng Xin
Representative Li, he spread all over the world—
Preface to Autumn Farewell of Wang Bo Hongfu Wang Tengting.
In the mountains and Pei Xiucai's book-Wang Wei
The Book of Jingzhou with Han Dynasty-Li Bai
Hang the ancient battlefield text-Li Hua
The teacher said-Han Yu
Understanding of further study-Han Yu
Send a poor article-Han Yu
Han Yu-Memorial of Twelve Langwen
Han Yu-send Li to Pangu Preface.
Inscription of a humble room-Liu Yuxi
Bai Juyi: A Record of Lushan Caotang
Litchi Map-Preface of Bai Juyi
Liu Zongyuan-The Legend of Planting Trees and Camels
Snake Catcher's Theory-Liu Zongyuan
Liu Zongyuan-The Story of Cobalt Pool
To the small stone pond in the west of Xiaoqiu-Liu Zongyuan
The Story of Koishiyama-Liu Zongyuan