In the first year of Tang Daizong Dali (765), Yan Zhenqing was demoted for playing the role of Prime Minister Yuan Zai to prevent him from speaking. In April of three years (768), Sima Jizhou changed to Fuzhou Secretariat. During his five years in Fuzhou, he was concerned about people's sufferings, agricultural production and public welfare. In view of the present situation that the right channel of Fuhe River is blocked, the port is flooded and the farmland is flooded, the people are led to build a long stone dam in the south of Biandanzhou, a small island in the center of Fuhe River, so as to alleviate the flood and irrigate the fields with water in dry season. In order to commemorate him, Fuzhou people named Shiba Inu as Qianjinpi, and built a temple to offer sacrifices at four o'clock.
He is an honest official and tries his best to maintain normal social order. Yang Zhijian, a student in Fuzhou, comes from a poor family, but loves learning. His wife couldn't stand poverty and asked for a divorce. Yang wrote a poem "Send a Wife", which shows that she is determined to study but agrees to divorce. Yang's wife gave this poem to Yan Zhenqing as evidence of divorce. After reading Yang's poems, Yan sympathized with Yang's experience, admired his spirit of studying hard, punished Yang's wife's behavior of being too poor and loving the rich, and gave him cloth and food to stay in the headquarters. To this end, Yan also published the book "Lady Seeking Justice". This judgment has played a good guiding role in the formation of Linchuan's good style of study and simple marriage customs.
Yan Zhenqing is a descendant of Langya family with profound family background. Yan Zhitui, the sixth ancestor, was a famous scholar in the Northern Qi Dynasty. He once wrote family instructions for Yan. When Yan Zhenqing was young, his family was poor and lacked paper and pens, so he used a pen to brush loess water to practice calligraphy on the wall. Chu Suiliang was a beginner, and later learned Zhang Xu's brushwork. He also absorbed the characteristics of the four schools in the early Tang Dynasty and accepted the brushwork of Zhuanli and the Northern Wei Dynasty. He completed the vigorous and broad creation of colorful regular script, which set a model for regular script in Tang Dynasty.
His regular script is contrary to the calligraphy style of the early Tang Dynasty, featuring brushwork. It is a typical example of perfect combination of calligraphy beauty and personality beauty. His calligraphy style is called "Yan Ti", which is also called "Yan Liu" with Liu Gongquan, and has the reputation of "Yan Liu Jin Gu".
Ouyang Xiu once said: "Yan Gongshu is like a loyal martyr and a moral gentleman. His aim is strictness and respect. People are scared at first sight, but the longer he is, the cuter he is. " There are many people who see treasure in the world, but they are not tired. "Zhu praised his book:" Point like a falling stone, painting like a cloud, hook like a bow, bow like a crossbow, depressed and ambitious. It has never been made public since it was dedicated. Yan Ti Shu has a far-reaching influence on the development of calligraphy art in later generations. After the Tang Dynasty, many famous artists learned from the success of Yan Zhenqing's political reform. Especially cursive script, after the Tang Dynasty, some famous artists learned from Yan Zhenqing and established their own style on the basis of learning from the two kings. Su Shi Ceng Yun: "As for poetry, as for writing, as for retreating from Korea, as for painting, as for Wu Daozi, as for writing, as for Yan, the changes from ancient times to modern times can do everything in the world. "During the Tang Dynasty, especially after the Anshi Rebellion, Buddhism and Taoism prevailed. Yan Zhenqing used to be familiar with Buddhism and Taoism. Since Gan Yuan, his contact with monks and Taoists has increased significantly, and he is keen on religious activities. His poetry and calligraphy creation is also related to this. During his four years in Fuzhou, he was also keen on Taoist activities. When I first arrived in Linchuan, I wrote Ma Fubo Language by Taoist Tan Xianyan. In the first month of the fourth year of Dali (769), I paid tribute to Taoist Wang and Guo Erzhen in the Jin Dynasty. He sent people to Gaihua Mountain in Chongren County to trace it, rebuilt the Erzhen Monastery, and personally wrote the book "The Inscription of Wang Guozhen Monastery in Gai Hua". In March, he visited the remains of Wei Xiantan, a female Taoist priest, in Jingshan, Linchuan, and wrote the book Epitaph of Mrs. Wei Xiantan, praising the people for strengthening Guan Yu's cultivation. In the same month, I visited the ancient painting immortal altar in Jingshan, and wrote a book "Monument to Ancient Painting Immortal Altar", which described in detail the cultivation of immortals by Taoist Huang in this dynasty. In April, Monks Zhi Qing, Shi Yu and Taoist Tan Xianyan * * * repaired Fuzhou Xie Lingyun's prayer table, and Yan Zhenqing came to France to write a book "Baoying Temple's prayer table". In March of the sixth year of Dali (77 1), the Fazang Academy was established in Baoying Temple, Linchuan County, Fuzhou, and an altar was set up. Yan Zhenqing wrote an autograph, praising the origin of Dharma. In April, I visited the Taoist Temple of Fairy Capital in Magushan, Nancheng County, and wrote a book "Fairy Altar in Magushan, Nancheng County, Fuzhou City", which highly praised the strange Taoism of the immortal king and Magu.
During his stay in Fuzhou, he used his spare time to compose poems, and in six years (77 1), he compiled them into Linchuan Collection 10. Unfortunately, the original collection has been lost, and now there are 1 poems, 1 judgments, and five inscriptions related to Linchuan, especially. The Book of World Records is divided into large, medium and small editions. At first, it was carved into a stone tablet with its fine print, which was erected in Magu Mountain Xiandu Taoist Temple. Later generations also engraved the regular script of Mrs Wei, Jun Yiliang, Yu Shinan, Ou Yangxun, Xue Ji, Liu Gongquan and Li Yong on the back of the tablet. This word tablet has been praised as "the first regular script in the world" by calligraphers of past dynasties and has become a model for copying and learning. It has been destroyed several times and passed down from generation to generation with rubbings. 1992 Mr. Xu Yinong, a famous seal engraver in Jiangxi and vice chairman of the Provincial Calligraphy Association, carved the seal into big characters and re-established it in Cheng Nan Magu Mountain.
He is the author of Wu Jixing, Luzhou Collection and Linchuan Collection. Yan Zhenqing wrote many monuments in his life, which have been passed down to this day: many pagodas, dignified and dense in structure, beautiful and charming; "Dong Fangshuo painted a monument to praise" with a strong Qingyuan style; "The Inscription of the Golden King" is dignified and vigorous; "Zang Huaike Monument" is magnificent and vigorous; "Over the cup" is graceful and smooth; Ma Gu Xian Tan Ji is vigorous and solemn, with exquisite structure and full of charm. "Da Tang Fu", carved on a cliff, is the largest regular script in Yan Zhenqing, and its calligraphy is square and smooth, showing no bones and muscles. Song Dynasty Monument, also known as Song Guangping Monument, is open and full of vitality. "Eight official pavilions report good deeds", with strict weather; Yuan Jie Bei is vigorous and far-reaching; The book of manna seeds focuses on harmony; Li Bei's calligraphy is vigorous, but the strokes are fine, which is different from other tablets. Yan's Temple Monument is rich in calligraphy, which is also his masterpiece in his later years. Handed down from ancient times, there is a staff, a manuscript for offering sacrifices to my nephew, and a staff made by Liu Zhong, who made a confession from the book.
political career
During the kaiyuan period (7 13 -74 1), he was promoted to imperial academy, and was ordered to supervise the imperial censor four times and moved to the temple to serve the imperial censor. Rejected by Yang, the powerful minister at that time, he was demoted to the plain (now Shandong) as a satrap. Known as Yan Pingyuan. During Su Zong's reign, Fengxiang granted the minister of constitutional affairs and moved to the imperial history. During the reign of Emperor Zong, the official went to the official department, the prince was a surname, and the Duke of Lu was named "Yan".
In the 14th year of Tianbao (755), Pinglu, Fanyang and Hedong led an Anshi Rebellion. He contacted his brother Yan Gaoqing to arise and resist, and seventeen counties nearby were promoted to champions accordingly, with 200,000 troops, which made An Lushan afraid to rush to attack Tongguan. In the first year of Dezong Xingyuan (784), Li Xilie rebelled in Huaixi, and the traitor Qilu took the opportunity to borrow Li Xilie's hand to kill him, and sent someone to persuade him to be hanged by Li Xilie. Hearing that Yan Zhenqing was killed, the soldiers of the three armed forces burst into tears.
Six months later, the rebel general Li Xilie was killed by one of his own, and the rebellion was put down. Yan Zhenqing's coffin was escorted back to Beijing and buried in the Yanshi Ancestral Hall in Jingzhao for ten thousand years. Dezong painfully wrote a letter, abolishing the eighth day of North Korea, and the whole country mourned. De Zongqin issued an imperial edict, remembering Yan Zhenqing's life as "superior to Kuang Guo, loyal to the body, endowed with organic talents, outstanding public loyalty, loyal to the four dynasties, tired of being held hostage, tireless in death, observing its heyday and remaining in reality". He is honest, clean and honest, has a sense of justice, never condescends to the powerful, condescends to flatter, and is famous for his benevolence and righteousness.
Art life
Yan Zhenqing is a descendant of Langya family with profound family background. Yan Zhitui, the sixth ancestor, was a famous scholar in the Northern Qi Dynasty. He once wrote family instructions for Yan. When Yan Zhenqing was young, his family was poor and lacked paper and pens, so he used a pen to brush loess water to practice calligraphy on the wall. Chu Suiliang was a beginner, and later learned Zhang Xu's brushwork. He also absorbed the characteristics of the four schools in the early Tang Dynasty and accepted the brushwork of Zhuanli and the Northern Wei Dynasty. He completed the vigorous and broad creation of colorful regular script, which set a model for regular script in Tang Dynasty.
His regular script is contrary to the calligraphy style of the early Tang Dynasty. With the pen of seal script, it is thin and hard, full and vigorous, with a broad structure, magnificent momentum, awe-inspiring bones and dignified majesty. His running script is rich and vigorous, and this style also reflects the prosperous style of the Tang Dynasty empire, which conforms to his noble personality and is a typical example of the perfect combination of calligraphy beauty and personality beauty. His calligraphy style is called "Yan Ti", which is also called "Yan Liu" with Liu Gongquan, and has the reputation of "Yan Liu Jin Gu". Yan Zhenqing's brushwork is even and hidden, just inside and warm outside, and his writing is tortuous, round and powerful. Ouyang Xiu once said: "Yan Gongshu is like a loyal martyr and a moral gentleman. His aim is strictness and respect. People are scared at first sight, but the longer he is, the cuter he is. " There are many people who see treasure in the world, but they are not tired. "Zhu praised his book:" Point like a falling stone, painting like a cloud, hook like a bow, bow like a crossbow, depressed and ambitious. It has never been made public since it was dedicated. Yan Ti Shu has a far-reaching influence on the development of calligraphy art in later generations. After the Tang Dynasty, many famous artists learned from the success of Yan Zhenqing's political reform. Especially cursive script, after the Tang Dynasty, some famous artists learned from Yan Zhenqing and established their own style on the basis of learning from the two kings. Su Shi Ceng Yun: "As for poetry, as for writing, as for Han's retreat, as for painting, as for Wu Daozi, as for books, as for Yan, the changes of ancient and modern times can do everything in the world." ("Dongpo Ming")
He is the author of Wu Jixing, Luzhou Collection and Linchuan Collection. Yan Zhenqing wrote many monuments in his life, which have been passed down to this day: many pagodas, dignified and dense in structure, beautiful and charming; "Dong Fangshuo painted a monument to praise" with a strong Qingyuan style; "The Inscription of the Golden King" is even more dignified and vigorous; "Zang Huaike Monument" is magnificent and vigorous; "Over the cup" is graceful and smooth; Ma Gu Xian Tan Ji is vigorous and solemn, with exquisite structure and full of charm. "Da Tang Fu", carved on a cliff, is the largest regular script in Yan Zhenqing, and its calligraphy is square and smooth, showing no bones and muscles. Song Dynasty Monument, also known as Song Guangping Monument, is open and full of vitality. "Eight official pavilions report good deeds", with strict weather; Yuan Jie Bei is vigorous and far-reaching; The book of manna words focuses on harmony; Li's tablet, vigorous calligraphy and Yan's tablet are also his works, but the fine strokes are different from other tablets.
Yan's Temple Monument is rich in calligraphy, which is also his masterpiece in his later years. Handed down from ancient times, there is a staff, a manuscript for offering sacrifices to my nephew, and a staff made by Liu Zhong, who made a confession from the book.