For reference only, "Write all the answers on the answer sheet in the final exam of the first semester of Grade One, otherwise you won't score 45 points in Volume I. Basic knowledge (3 points for each small question, *** 21 points) 1. The pronunciation of the following added words is all correct: () A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A Iē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē ē 2
His works mainly include novel collection "Scream", "Wandering" and "New Stories", prose collection "Flowers in the Morning", prose poetry collection "Weeds", and miscellaneous collection "Assembling in the South and North". B. Roman 2. Three multiple-choice questions on common sense of Chinese literature in senior one
The essays in ancient China have a long history, and all the books of pre-Qin philosophers can be regarded as collections of essays.
Many of the statements of strategists preserved in books such as The Warring States Policy are also papers. In the existing literature, the single paper is based on Jia Yi's On the Qin Dynasty: the book systematically expounds Jia Yi's thoughts and opinions, and the book on the Qin Dynasty is only one aspect, so it is not a pure single paper.
The writing characteristics of argumentative essays are similar to those of today's argumentative essays. A good essay is profound in reasoning, strict in logic and clear in organization. Liu Xie, a literary theorist in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, regarded mind, reason and rhetoric as three necessary conditions for writing essays: if you think clearly in your mind, you can make it clear and profound without loopholes; And careful choice of words and sentences is an important condition for writing a good article.
When we appreciate analytical essays, we should focus on these three aspects. First, the essays of different times and writers have different styles.
From the Han Dynasty to the Northern and Southern Dynasties, there was either a deliberate arrangement or a deliberate duality, and the development of its discussion was often a layer-by-layer reasoning, which went straight down along a clue and the level was relatively simple. Since Han Dynasty and Liu Dynasty in the Tang Dynasty, the ups and downs, twists and turns of articles have been paid great attention to, and the changes are bizarre and unpredictable. And the author's conclusion is brought into full play in the middle.
in the song dynasty, su Shi, as the representative, not only inherited the legacy of the previous generation, but also had the characteristics of unobstructed, lively and imposing manner. Try to make a simple comparison between Jia Yi's On the Qin Dynasty and Han Yu's Miscellaneous Notes 1 to see this difference.
Guo Qin Lun is generally divided into three parts. The first part narrates in turn: Qin became stronger and stronger from filial piety; Other governors snared talents, joined forces to attack Qin, but were defeated by Qin; Extend to the first emperor, destroy the six countries in Shandong and unify the world; Since then, Qin has carried out the policy of ignorance and weakness of the people, and wants to spread the industry forever; But Chen She rose up and soon overthrew Qin; Conclusion: Qin's rapid death was due to the fact that he could not be benevolent to keep his job after he gained the world by violence.
The second part continues to discuss the fault of Qin's failure to pacify the people: firstly, the people feel safe after the turmoil in the Warring States period; It is said that Emperor Qin Shihuang "is greedy, self-motivated, does not believe in meritorious deeds, does not kiss the gentry, abolishes the kingship, establishes private rights, forbids documents and tortures the law, deceives power before righteousness, and begins with tyranny"; Besides, Qin Ershi is more tyrannical, so that state affairs are out of control; Finally, the conclusion is drawn: "Therefore, the first king saw the change from the beginning to the end (the beginning and the end of the matter) and knew the key to survival, which was based on the herdsman's way and the safety of the business." It can be said that: the first part leads to the proposition that the author wants to discuss from the facts; Only the novelette made a systematic inference, and the narrative of historical facts appeared as an argument.
its exposition is like a thousand-foot waterfall, with less twists and turns. Look at Miscellaneous Notes I again.
This is a short essay of only a few hundred and ten words: the dragon hisses and becomes a cloud, and the cloud is solid and clever to the dragon. However, the dragon rides on the air, and the ocean is poor in the middle of the mysterious world. The sun and the moon are thin, the scenery is quiet, the shock is felt, the gods change, the underwater soil is gurgling, and the clouds are also strange! Cloud, what the dragon can do is spirit.
If the dragon is the spirit, then what Feiyun can do is the spirit. However, the dragon is blessed with clouds, and there is no spirit of God.
can't you trust someone who has lost his trust? Well, what it relies on is what it does. "Yi" said: "Clouds follow dragons."
since it is called a dragon, the clouds follow it. (Ling Yu Long: Buron is still "Ling".
boundless ocean: that is, Wang Yang, which is boundless. Xuan: Xuan Ming means vast space.
thin: forced, close. V: It's equivalent to covering up.
scene: the same as "shadow". Shock: refers to thunder.
god: a verb, meaning that its changes are magical. Water: verb, flowing water, precipitation) The theme of the article is on the relationship between the cloud and the dragon, which means that the monarch and the minister should rely on each other and help each other.
Although the article is short, it is full of variety. Let's talk about the cloud "Fu Ling Yu Long"; As soon as the sentence of "natural dragon riding is qi" turns, it is concluded that "clouds are also strange"; Speaking of the dragon "what Feiyun can do is a spirit" is another twist; The sentence "Ran Long Fu De" turns the meaning back.
Then he sighed that "what he relied on was what he did", and at the end, he drew the conclusion that "the cloud followed it" from the Book of Changes, and his words were exhausted but his meaning was not exhausted. The full text is like a winding mountain along the road, advancing and retreating, and each retreat is also advancing, deepening step by step, rising in a cycle, and doing all the amazing things.
In Han Yu's long papers, such as The Original Road and Ruin, this technique is more typical. Third, taking Shi Shuo as an example, from the perspective of content appreciation, we should pay attention to finding out the sentences that judge things and events in the commentary, and connect them with each other to grasp the main idea of the article.
The Book of Teachers aims to prove through a series of arguments that "ancient scholars must have a teacher", "Therefore, there is no nobility, no inferiority, no length, and the existence of Tao, and the existence of teachers", and "Disciples don't have to be inferior to teachers, and teachers don't have to be superior to disciples". At that time, secular people didn't know that ancient scholars must have teachers, but they only thought that if they were not older than themselves, their talents would be inferior to their own. Seeing this, Han Yu made use of Li Pan to worship himself as a teacher and learn from himself, and made comments. Han Yu's idea was that a student as young as 17 years old should learn from himself, and he was much older than him, but he didn't dare to pretend to be a sage, saying, "Disciples don't have to be inferior to teachers, and teachers don't have to be superior to disciples."
Moreover, the expression "a teacher, therefore, preaches, receives lessons, and dispels doubts" and "a boy's teacher, who teaches books and learns his readers, is not what I call a person who teaches his way and dispels his doubts" is very novel. The specific definition of the role of a teacher at that time raised the ordinary level of "teaching his books and learning his sentences" to a new high point of teaching Confucianism and solving its doubts. A good essay must be persuasive, and you should learn to explore the author's ideas.
In the article, he first puts forward the central argument that "ancient scholars must have teachers", and thinks that the role of teachers is to inherit Confucian orthodoxy, teach Confucian classics, and solve students' difficulties in learning and life. The role of teachers is really so important that it is hard to argue. Han Yu went on to put forward the truth that "the Tao exists, and the teacher exists". People learn the truth, and the first person who can understand the truth can be a teacher, which has nothing to do with age and dignity. The winner of ability can be a teacher in a certain category, which is even more difficult to question.
Then, Han Yu pointed out that ancient sages also had teachers, but today's fools actually said that they could have no teachers, and today's scholar-officials chose teachers to teach. 3. Compulsory one to three literary common sense multiple-choice questions in high school Chinese
Compulsory one to two literary common sense in high school Chinese 1 Rain Lane is Dai Wangshu's early famous work and masterpiece, because this poem is called "Rain Lane Poet" 2 Xu Zhimo is a famous poet in China's modern literary history, and Farewell to Cambridge is his masterpiece 3 Zuo Zhuan is the first chronological historical work with detailed narrative in China, which is said to be the end of the Spring and Autumn Period.
is a valuable document to study the history of pre-Qin in China, and it is also an excellent prose work. Zuo Zhuan, Gong Yang Zhuan and Gu Liang Zhuan-known as "Three Biographies of the Spring and Autumn Period" 4 Historical Records is the first biographical history in China, and Guoshu is the earliest national history book in China, with 21 volumes.
biography is written by Zuo Qiuming. According to different countries, the book records the history of more than 5 years from Zhou Muwang to King Zhen Ding of Zhou Dynasty.
The obvious difference between Guoyu and Zuozhuan is that Guoyu is written in different countries, so as to remember the words and see the victory; Zuo Zhuan is written in chronological order, which is longer than remembering things. Ba Jin, formerly known as Li Yaotang, is a famous modern writer.
representative works: New Life, Trilogy of Love, Autumn in Spring and Riptide Trilogy. 6 Liang Shiqiu, a modern essayist, literary critic and translator.
The Essay of Yashe, a masterpiece of prose, was independently translated into The Whole Language of Shakespeare, and in his later years, he completed a million-word work, The History of English Literature. Liang Qichao was a thinker, writer and scholar in modern China.
The Complete Works of Drinking Ice Room. 8 Yu Dafu, a modern writer, is famous for his work "Sinking".
9 The Book of Songs is the first collection of poems in China, which is divided into Feng. Ya.
Ode is composed of three parts, using fu. Than.
xingdeng expression technique. Most of the poems in The Book of Songs are four-character poems.
(Jia Jian, Cai Wei). Qu Yuan, a native of Chu in the Warring States Period, was a great patriotic poet in China.
11 Lisao is the masterpiece of Chu Ci, and it is the longest lyric poem in ancient China. 12 "Yuefu Double Wall" refers to two long narrative poems, namely, Peacock Flying Southeast and Mulan Ci, an excellent folk song in ancient China. Politician, strategist and poet in the late Eastern Han Dynasty.
Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty was the official to the prime minister, and later he was named Wang Wei. After his death, his son Cao Pi built Wei on behalf of the Han Dynasty and was revered as Wei Wudi. There are lyric poems "Watching the Sea", "Although the Turtle is Longevity", "Hao Lixing" and "Short Songs".
Summary of exercises in teaching plans of courseware in senior high schools Chinese Mathematics English Physical Chemistry 14 Tao Yuanming, with bright characters, is a latent and well-known person, known as Mr. Jingjie in the world, and was the pioneer of the pastoral school in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. (Peach Blossom Garden, Drinking, Going Back to Xi Ci) 15 Su Shi, whose name is Zi Zhan, was named Dongpo Jushi.
Ci, which created the bold style of Ci, was called "Su Xin" with Xin Qiji; Poetry, and Huang Tingjian are also called "Su Huang". Martin Luther King is an American writer, and his masterpiece I Have a Dream is Sima Qian, a historian, writer and thinker in the Western Han Dynasty.
Historical Records is the first biographical general history in China, including 12 biographies of emperors, 3 biographies of princes, 7 biographies of famous people, 1 tables, 8 books and 13 articles. It is called "Four History" together with History of Han, History of Later Han and History of the Three Kingdoms.
Lu Xun praised Historical Records as "the swan song of historians, leaving Sao without rhyme". 18 Confucius, whose name is Zhong Ni, was born in, a great thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period.
its ideological core is "benevolence". There are 2 existing Analects of Confucius, which is the most important classic about Confucianism and a book that records the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples.
It was written by Confucius disciples according to their own memories or legends. The whole book is mainly about memorizing words, and it is a book of quotations.
19 Xia Yan China is a famous writer of literature, film and drama, literary critic, literary artist, translator and social activist. He is one of the pioneers of the New Culture Movement in China, an outstanding revolutionary artist, social activist and film artist.
2 Nineteen Ancient Poems, which were compiled by ming prince Xiao Tong of Southern Dynasties in Selected Works, are entitled Nineteen Ancient Poems. It is an anthology of poems written by a group of people in the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, which mainly describes the wanderer's determination to achieve nothing and his yearning for his wife's parting, truly reflects the turbulent and dark social life in the late Eastern Han Dynasty and expresses his sadness about fate and life.
21 Wang Xizhi, a calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, with the name Yi Shao, was born in Langya, Han nationality, and later moved to Huiji (Shaoxing), where he wrote the Preface of Lanting Collection. In his later years, he lived in seclusion in Huiji, which governed Jinting County, and was a calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty in China, and was known as the "Book Sage". 22 Eight Prose Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties: Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Ouyang Xiu, Wang Anshi, Su Xun, Su Shi and Su Zhe.
Ceng Gong 23 Wang Anshi, whose name is Jiefu, is Mid-Levels, known as Wang Jinggong in the world, also known as Wang Wengong. Politicians and writers in the Northern Song Dynasty.
(A Journey to Baochan Mountain is selected from the Collected Works of Mr. Linchuan) 24 Four Books and Five Classics: The University, The Doctrine of the Mean, The Analects of Confucius and Mencius are collectively called the Four Books. Poetry, Book, Ceremony, Book of Changes and Spring and Autumn Annals are collectively called the Five Classics. 4. Three multiple-choice questions on common sense of Chinese and literature in senior one
nbsp；; , multiple-choice questions (4 points) nbsp; 1. The following statement about literary common sense nbsp incorrect. A the historical books called "the first four histories" are Historical Records, History of Han, History of the Three Kingdoms and History of the Later Han Dynasty.
nbsp; B. The four great composers of Yuan Qu are Guan Hanqing, Bai Pu, Ma Zhiyuan and Zheng Guangzu. nbsp; C. What Lu Xun called "Four Denunciation Novels in the Late Qing Dynasty" are: Officialdom in the Present, Scholars, Travel Notes of Lao Can and Evil Flowers.
nbsp; D Shakespeare's four tragedies are Hamlet, King Lear, Othello and Macbeth. nbsp; 2. The following statement about literary common sense, the wrong one is nbsp; A. Modern poetry is a general term for regular poems and quatrains formed in the Tang Dynasty.
Compared with classical poetry, the number of sentences, the number of words, the level and rhyme all have certain rules. nbsp; B Tongcheng School is a prose school in Qing Dynasty, with representative writers such as Fang Bao, Gui Youguang, Liu Dakui and Yao Nai.
nbsp; C. Shen Congwen is a writer with style and artistic personality in modern Chinese literature. His works have a wide range of themes, beautiful writing and fresh and lively language.
Border Town and Xiang Xing San Ji are the most representative. nbsp; D Gorky's Mother is the first book describing the proletarian revolutionary struggle in the history of world literature, and Lenin called it "a very timely book".
nbsp; 3. The following statement about literary common sense nbsp incorrect. A Zuo Zhuan is a national history and a prose work in China. It is especially good at describing wars and diplomatic rhetoric, such as the Battle of Kampf.
nbsp; B. Liu Zongyuan was an essayist in the Tang Dynasty and initiated the ancient prose movement with Han Yu. His fable