Chinese civilization has a long history, and traditional Chinese characters have become a profound cultural heritage of Chinese civilization. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the State Council promulgated a scheme to simplify Chinese characters, which greatly simplified the traditional Chinese characters that have been used for thousands of years. Since then, our writing speed has accelerated. Time flies, and in a blink of an eye, we have reached the information age based on computer input. In this era, the writing of words becomes less important. As a symbol of Chinese civilization, traditional Chinese characters can give people a solemn, skillful and agile aesthetic pleasure, make us respect the extraordinary wisdom of our ancestors, and make us have a solemn yearning for the ancient civilization that has lasted for 5,000 years. It can be said that the essence of China literature probably comes from this, from which there is the power of poetry, the charm of painting and the beauty of architecture. ?
1. Definition of traditional Chinese characters
Characters that have been replaced by Simplified Chinese Characters (Simplified Chinese Characters) and are widely used in China. ?
2. The status quo of traditional Chinese characters
Chen Zhangtai, president of the China Institute of Applied Linguistics in Beijing and former deputy director of the State Language Committee of China, told the Beijing Morning Post that the United Nations has decided to simplify both traditional and simplified Chinese characters used by the United Nations from 2008. ?
197 1 After China joined the United Nations in, he promoted simplified Chinese characters in an all-round way, excluding traditional Chinese characters. The relevant provisions of the United Nations on the use of a country's spoken and written language also stipulate that the spoken and written language of each ethnic group should be consistent with the modern spoken and written language of the country where the spoken and written language originated. ?
Before the Republic of China withdrew from the United Nations, all Chinese documents of the United Nations were in traditional Chinese characters. At that time, China encountered many obstacles in promoting simplified Chinese characters, so the United Nations has always been complicated and simplified. However, in recent years, due to the great enhancement of China's political and economic strength, almost all Chinese versions of the United Nations and other international organizations tend to be simplified. ?
Zhou Youguang, a famous linguist in Chinese mainland who is now 100 years old, pointed out that the United Nations is preparing to change all Chinese documents into simplified Chinese because there is no need to use two fonts. He said that if simplified characters are used, it proves that the direction of simplified characters is right and has been recognized by most people all over the world; At the same time, it also proves that China is becoming more and more influential in the world, and more and more people are learning Chinese in the world. In this case, simplified characters will gradually become the only standard of Chinese. ?
At present, Chinese communities in China, Taiwan Province Province, Hongkong, Macau and North America use traditional Chinese characters, and the number of users is about 30 million. Chinese communities in Chinese mainland, Malaysia, Singapore and Southeast Asia use simplified Chinese, with more than1300 million users. In addition, there are some Chinese characters in Japan and Korea, and simplified characters have only appeared in recent years. ?
3. The history of traditional Chinese characters
The Chinese nation is an ancient nation with a long history and cultural tradition. It has a glorious page in her past, and her past glory is mainly passed down through Chinese characters-to be precise, it should be traditional Chinese characters. Traditional Chinese characters are closely linked with historical and cultural traditions. This unbreakable combination endows traditional Chinese characters with special meanings, which makes them to some extent synonymous with ancient civilization in China, symbolizing the 5,000-year-old civilization, national unity, national unity and a long and splendid culture. ?
At the same time, Chinese characters are aesthetic objects. In the development of thousands of years, Oracle Bone Inscriptions, bronze inscriptions, seal script, official script, regular script, cursive script and running script have been produced one after another, and the art of calligraphy, seal cutting and word-solving games have been developed, which has promoted the development of Chinese painting art and made people enjoy great aesthetic and spiritual enjoyment. Therefore, they left a tall aesthetic image in people's minds and formed an aesthetic psychology that other characters could not match. ?
Influenced by China culture for a long time, members of Chinese society gradually come to the conclusion that Chinese characters, especially traditional Chinese characters, are pro-American and not strange, while other characters are sparse, strange and not beautiful. A symbolic psychology and an aesthetic psychology, combined together, become a great attraction, making it difficult for people to get rid of the temptation of traditional Chinese characters. Take the predecessors who used traditional Chinese characters at first and then switched to simplified Chinese characters. When they saw the traditional Chinese characters, they had the joy of reunion after a long separation. Naturally, they won't refuse to use traditional Chinese characters, just like chopsticks and knives and forks are to us, we would rather use chopsticks. In addition to habits, there are emotional factors. Beauty is in the eye of the beholder, not to mention the beauty of traditional Chinese characters! ?
For the younger generation, they have lived in a highly modern civilization for a long time, and it is precisely because they have lived in a highly modern civilization for a long time that the classical beauty emitted by traditional Chinese characters is more attractive. This charm is irresistible to them, and out of the pursuit of beauty, they will unconsciously accept traditional Chinese characters. Of course, the use of traditional Chinese characters is not always out of the pursuit of beauty. There are many people who try their best to be elegant, but they can't recite poems and write lyrics like the ancients, so they have to use one or two traditional Chinese characters to show their knowledge, but this is only a very small number after all. ?
Secondly, it is related to the art of calligraphy. Language is the carrier of information. While appealing to human reason, she also has a sense of beauty, appeals to human feelings and appeals to the feeling of beauty. This is the case with China's calligraphy, which is called "the hand-eye mind of the younger generation". It is a kind of writing art, which embodies all kinds of beauty, from which people can enjoy endless enjoyment and fun. Her influence spread all over the world and lasted for a long time. There is no writing in the world that has become a high-ranking artistic object like Chinese characters. It can be said that as long as Chinese characters exist as an independent art, its influence will never disappear. This influence of China's calligraphy art was mainly achieved through the calligraphy posts of famous people in past dynasties, so people imitated it one after another. ?
4. Development of traditional Chinese characters
At present, the mainland is far less economically developed than Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and many western countries. With the reform and opening up, a large number of foreign fashionable things poured in.
Traditional Chinese characters in China, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and some countries in Southeast Asia have also re-entered all areas of social life in the Mainland. With the help of powerful economic strength and other factors, traditional Chinese characters have gained obvious psychological advantages, so that in some people's minds, she seems to be no longer a native of Chinese mainland, but an exotic product with foreign flavor, just as hanyu pinyin has become a foreign language in some people's minds, which is equally awe-inspiring. Love for Ross, together with other reasons, leads to the situation that simplified Chinese characters are caught between Scylla and Charybdis. Under the attack of internal and external forces, Simplified Chinese characters had to give up some positions. Among many factors that lead to the complexity of Chinese characters in current society, this can be said to be the most important one. It is true that in the past, when we fully considered that Chinese characters could not find an effective input disk and could not compete with western languages to enter the technical era, the use of simplified characters did save beginners' writing time and played a certain role in literacy in the past few decades. However, times are changing. In recent years, with the joint efforts of Chinese writers and computer technicians, Chinese characters have overcome many difficulties and reached the level of "informationization" and "computerization". Therefore, the advantages of simplified characters such as "easy to write" and "time saving" are compressed to a minimum. Nowadays, it has become an irreversible trend for students, especially those in big cities, to type Chinese by computer, and the rural areas of China will also enter this modernization process. Everyone who uses computers knows that there is no way to compare the advantages and disadvantages of traditional Chinese characters and simplified Chinese characters in speed, so. On the contrary, the disadvantage of simplified characters is abrupt. Furthermore, the fundamental reason for applying for the heritage of traditional Chinese characters is that traditional Chinese characters are the same cultural heritage as all Chinese character societies, while simplified Chinese characters are only the result of the "fashion" in the past century, not to mention the Latinization of their destinations, which is intolerable to everyone who loves China culture. However, apart from the urgent task of applying for the World Heritage, it must be admitted that simplification and simplification should go hand in hand for a long time, and neither side can be forced. The final result of the dual-track system is to restore the traditional Chinese characters in China. 5. Specifications for the Use of Traditional Chinese Characters There are corresponding specifications in various regions where traditional Chinese characters are used: Taiwan Province Province: There are standard word lists of commonly used Chinese characters, standard word lists of less commonly used Chinese characters and rare word lists. The standard writing method is different from the traditional writing method in Chinese mainland in some places, such as "Huang (Tian Zi is in the early stage)" and "Huang (the field is not in the early stage)" in Taiwan Province. The harbor is "bone, the bottom is horizontal", the platform is "bone, the bottom is" point "and Chinese mainland is" bone "; Hongkong is Wei, Taiwan Province Province is Wei, and so on. Hong Kong: The list of commonly used characters shall prevail. Generally speaking, there is not much difference between Hongkong and Taiwan Province Province, and words like "bearing" are the same. However, there are also some words with obvious differences, such as "chong" and "chong", "nian" and "nian" and "Li", "zhe" and "zhe". The former is written in Hong Kong standard, while the latter is written in Taiwan Province standard Chinese mainland: the simplified Chinese character list and Xinhua dictionary (traditional Chinese version) shall prevail.
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