Zheng Xie (1693- 1765), namely Zheng Banqiao, whose real name is Kerou,No. Lian,No. Banqiao, is called Mr. Banqiao, a native of Xinghua, Jiangsu, and his ancestral home is Suzhou. Kangxi scholar, a juren in the tenth year of Yongzheng, a scholar in the first year of Qianlong (1736). He served as an official in Fan County and Wei County, Shandong Province, with remarkable achievements. Later, he lived in Yangzhou and made a living by selling paintings. He is an important representative of "Yangzhou Eight Eccentrics".
Zheng Banqiao only painted orchids, bamboos and stones in his life, which is known as "orchids that never fade in four seasons, bamboos that never fall for a hundred days, and invincible stones that never change". His poems, paintings and calligraphy, known as the "three wonders" in the world, are more representative literati painters in the Qing Dynasty. Representative works include Zhuxiu Novelty, Guangqing Liu Zhao, Zhu Lan Fang Xin, Gangu Juquan, Cong Lan Ci, and Zheng Banqiao Collection.
Zheng Banqiao's calligraphy, which is a mixture of official script and running script, calls itself "six and a half books" and is called "Banqiao Book". Most of his paintings are bluegrass and bamboo stones, and Zheng Banqiao's calligraphy art with bluegrass and bamboo as its soul is unique in the history of China's calligraphy.
Zheng Banqiao's poems on paintings have got rid of the traditional mode of painting with poems or painting with poems. Every painting he draws should be inscribed with a poem, and the title must be excellent, so as to achieve the purpose of "picturesque image" and "poetic attack on painting" Poetry and painting infinitely embody and expand the breadth of the picture. Zheng Banqiao's poems on paintings pay attention to real life and have profound ideological content. His criticism is like a gun and a sword.
Extended data
Zheng Banqiao painted bamboo, "like a slope man, with more chaos and less sparse, getting rid of all habits, showing unparalleled strength". The Scholars in Qing Dynasty said that he spent two-thirds of his time writing vivid bamboo pictures. He once wrote a poem: "For forty years, he painted bamboo branches, and he wrote thoughts during the day and night, which made him redundant and thin. He painted them as soon as he was born."
Later, he said: "There is nothing to learn where I draw bamboo, and there are more middle ears than paper windows and powder walls." Through observation and artistic creation practice, he refined the theories of "having bamboo in his eyes", "having bamboo in his chest" and "having bamboo in his hands". "Bamboo in the eyes" is a natural scenery, an observation of nature and an experience of painting; "Bamboo in the chest" is the conception of artistic creation; "Bamboo in hand" is the realization of artistic creation. He organically combined subjectivity and objectivity, phenomenon and imagination, truth and art, and created a realm of learning from nature and being superior to nature.
There are many paintings of orchids in Zheng Banqiao, and some new contents are also shown, which are expressed by poems with themes, implying views on various things. For example, some people borrow the characteristics of orchids, showing that they are not arrogant in victory, unyielding in failure and holding a normal mind. The poem said: "Orchids are related to bamboo books, always between green mountains and green waters. Frost and snow do not fade, spring is unknown, and people laugh red and purple." Orchids are accompanied by people, and people should be as quiet, lasting and fragrant as orchids, neither floating nor impetuous, nor striving for beauty. Paintings that are close at hand have unlimited development and far-reaching artistic conception. Another example is: some borrow a clump of orchids with some thorns in the middle to express the magnanimity of a gentleman who can tolerate villains.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Zheng Banqiao (Zheng Xie)