Why can't Bing Xin and Lin, two talented women, appreciate each other and be enemies? What caused this result?
In fact, the two are quite predestined.
Lin, 1904, a native of Hangzhou, Zhejiang, was originally from Minhou, Fujian (now Fuzhou). Bing Xin 1900 was born in Changle District, Fuzhou, and Lin is a fellow villager.
Bing Xin's husband, Wu Wenzao, and Lin's husband, Liang Sicheng, are Tsinghua alumni and live in the same dormitory. They both graduated from 1923, so they are real classmates.
Wu Wenzao went to Dartmouth College in the United States when he graduated; Liang Sicheng went with Lin to study at the University of Pennsylvania on 1924 due to a leg injury. Lin entered the Academy of Fine Arts and studied architecture, while Liang Sicheng went to architecture.
When Wu Wenzao went abroad that year, he met Bing Xin on the boat. After they met, they fell in love with each other and gradually developed into a lover relationship.
Lin's father and Liang Sicheng's father, Liang Qichao, are both famous constitutionalists who advocate political reform and reform. They were gifted and shared the same interests, and then they became close friends. With the help of their parents, Lin and Liang Si fell in love.
Bing Xin and Lin are not only fellow villagers, but also have a fate from their ancestors:
Bing Xin was born in the mansion (now Yangqiao East Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou 17). It was originally the former residence of Lin Juemin, the uncle of Lin, one of the "Seventy-two Martyrs in Huanghuagang", and was bought from Lin by Bing Xin's grandfather Xie Shuan.
Their fate later extended to foreign countries-1925, Lin and Liang Sicheng visited their friends at Cornell University in New York, USA, and happened to meet Bing Xin and Wu Wenzao, who were already lovers studying French here.
As a result, two pairs of lovers of similar age, classmates and fellow villagers, are particularly happy and often meet to go out to play, have picnics and discuss problems. Bing Xin and Lin also left their only photo, which is considered as the "friendship record" of the two talented women.
Bing Xin mentioned those days in his later years.
1987, Bing Xin publicly praised Lin's way of catching up and surpassing in the series "A Talent after China's Entry into WTO":
"1925, I met Lin in Ithaca, New York. She is Liang Sicheng's fiancee, a good friend of my boyfriend Wu Wenzao, and one of the most beautiful female writers I have ever seen. Later, I often saw her poems in New Moon, which really looked like a person. "
I don't know whether Bing Xin's praise was sincere or when she and Lin gradually drifted apart. What is clear is that from their later poems, people can no longer see the friendship between the two talented women abroad.
From 65438 to 0926, Bing Xin returned to China with a master's degree in literature, and taught in yenching university, Beiping Women's College of Arts and Sciences, and China Literature Department of Tsinghua University. 1On June 5th, 929, Bing Xin and Wu Wenzao, who returned from their studies, spent 36 yuan money to hold a wedding in Linhuxuan, Peking University.
After Bing Xin returned to China, Lin also graduated from the Academy of Fine Arts in the summer of 1927, and then entered the Theatre Academy of Yale University to study stage art design for half a year.
At the urging of their parents, Liang Sicheng and Lin, who had been in love for five years, got married in Ottawa, Canada on March 1928. After their marriage, they traveled to Europe together to inspect European architecture. In August, they returned to China after their tour and were employed by the Department of Architecture of Northeastern University. 193 1 autumn, transferred to China Architecture Society in Zhongshan Park, Beijing.
Lin soon came into people's sight after returning to China. Her beauty and talent, her spirit and intelligence have attracted many male elites to follow, love and even worship.
The so-called tree attracts the wind, and the National People's Congress attracts jealousy. Lin was very popular with men, but among the upper-class intellectual women at that time, she didn't have a real friend. Liang Sicheng's niece Wu Liming confirmed this.
Wu Liming said in the book Liang Qichao and His Children that Lin did not get along well with many women in her relatives. Except for Liang Sicheng's sister, Lin is a stranger to other women in the family and never contacts them.
Li Jianwu, a writer who has close contacts with Lin, commented on Lin like this:
She is very clever and has a hot heart. She speaks fast, straightforward and strong, and almost all women regard her as an enemy.
Girls with this personality will attract men to like them, but will make women stay away from them. The so-called women are jealous. In the eyes of other women, Lin is undoubtedly a dazzling existence. Can't compare with her, can't step on her, can only stay away from her.
After Liang Sicheng and his wife returned to Peiping, they rented a quadrangle in Beizongbu Hutong near the east wall. Lin's mother and daughter also live in this small yard. Living next door to them is Jin, a professor of philosophy at Tsinghua University. His friends call him "Lao Jin".
The year when he settled in Beiping was 193 1, Liang Sicheng was 30 years old and Lin was 27 years old. This year, Bing Xin was 3 1 year old.
In the capital with a strong academic atmosphere, the couple's personality charm and academic charm soon attracted a group of cultural elites, such as Hu Shi, the leader of the new cultural movement, Zhu Guangqian, Shen Congwen, Xiao Gan, philosopher Jin, poet Xu Zhimo, physicist Zhou Peiyuan, archaeologist and so on.
Almost every Saturday afternoon, these scholars and cultural celebrities will come to Liang's house to chat, exchange ideas and academics, and discuss world affairs. Later, the circle of this gathering gradually expanded and became the most famous cultural salon in Peiping in the 1930s. At that time, it was called "Mrs.' s living room".
At that time, Bing Xin and Wu Wenzao both taught in yenching university, Beiping, and lived in Building 60, Nanda, Yanda, only a few kilometers away from Beizongbu Hutong. But it seems that Wu Xie and his wife haven't been there, otherwise there wouldn't be Bing Xin's novel Our Wife's Living Room.
The novel is not long, only 1.2 million words, but it has written more than a dozen characters. Lin, Liang Sicheng, Xu Zhimo, Jin and others can match the characters in the novel, which shows that Bing Xin's intention in writing this article is obvious.
From the literary point of view, this novel is regarded as a masterpiece: it is described in a simple way, with vivid language and full of ridicule and allegory. More than a dozen characters portrayed are lifelike, so that readers can't help but see a group of men around a woman in their minds.
Kim later said that the novel also had other meanings.
What other meaning? It is the rich women in the 1930 s who have a taste of "strong women in business do not know how to die and hate the country."
In fact, Lin's Wife's Living Room didn't last long. After all, Mr. and Mrs. Lin Liang and a group of scholars and professors have something to do.
From 1930- 1945 to 15, Lin investigated 2738 ancient buildings in 190 counties. It is through their investigation that many ancient buildings have been recognized at home and abroad, thus being protected as places of interest. Such as the wooden pagoda in Yingxian County, Shanxi Province, the Zhao Zhouqiao in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, and the Beidou Temple in Wutai Mountain.
The life of going out for inspection is very hard. Lin Liang and his wife run in the backcountry all the year round, stepping on mud, riding donkey carts, and living in low farmhouses or dirty shops. Their beds are covered with fleas ... In ancient buildings, they have to face all kinds of insects and snakes, thousands of bats and the suffocating dust and dirty air of their wings, and they have to endure the dense bedbugs crawling all over their backpacks and bodies, sucking the dirty blood of dead bats and itching all over.
At this time, Lin is no longer a "housewife" living in the "wife's living room", but a scholar with a dusty face and bright eyes.
The wind and the sun make Lin's skin as rough as a peasant woman. Bad food and hard journey seriously damaged her health. But she never changed her chosen career because of this. She has a persistent attachment to everything she cherishes, which is the most unattainable place for Lin.
As early as 1937, the doctor warned Lin that your lungs were empty, and any cold or other carelessness would lead to serious consequences. Liang Sicheng was diagnosed with spinal soft tissue sclerosis, and the doctor made an iron frame for him to "wear" under his shirt to support his spine.
Liang Sicheng joked that Lin ignored the doctor's warning when he just put on his bulletproof vest in the early days of the Anti-Japanese War: "Warning is also a white warning. Let life and death depend on fate."
The couple's investigation of ancient buildings in China has achieved fruitful results. Take Beige Temple in Wutai Mountain as an example to illustrate one thing or two.
Among the ancient wooden structures discovered in China at that time, the earliest ones were Dule Temple in Jixian County, Hebei Province and the wooden tower in Yingxian County during the Song and Liao Dynasties. Therefore, the Japanese architectural community asserts that there are no wooden structures in China in the Tang Dynasty, and you can only go to Nara, Japan to see such objects.
It is under such circumstances that Mr. and Mrs. Lin Liang, together with colleagues from the Architectural Society, went through hardships and discovered the Bei Gong Temple, which was built in the 11th year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (AD 857), breaking the conclusion of Japanese architectural circles.
However, while the research of Lin Liang and Architectural Society was in full swing, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out.
1In August, 937, Liang Sicheng received an invitation signed "Glorious Society of East Asia" and invited him to attend a meeting convened by the Japanese.
It turns out that the Japanese have long coveted the research of the construction society represented by Liang Sicheng. This invitation shows that the Japanese have begun to think about Liang Sicheng.
Facing the insidious tiger and wolf invaders, the unarmed Lin Liang couple can only choose to escape. They abandoned their small home and many precious things that they had painstakingly managed in Beiping for many years and embarked on a long road of exile. ......
Of course, what happened to the couple, whether before or after Bing Xin published Our Wife's Living Room, is unlikely to be known by Bing Xin, and there is no need for Lin Liang and his wife to publicize it.
However, Lin is "simple and strong" after all. In the face of Bing Xin's ridicule, Lin gave an altar of Shanxi mature vinegar.
We don't know what Bing Xin will do with this jar of vinegar, and we feel that it is more likely to throw it away. But in any case, this means that two lovers and two talented women who have a picnic together and talk about their ideals in the United States will never meet again.
1938, two talented women moved south with the northern academic circles. They lived in Kunming for nearly three years, and their early residence was very close, only a ten-minute walk away. But judging from the words left by the two and other people's statements, there is no trace of their interaction.
However, no communication does not mean that there will be no contradictions. After Xu Zhimo's plane crash, Bing Xin's words once again created a lot of pressure on Lin, and even affected the younger generation.
193 1 year 1 year/month 1 9 at 8 o'clock in the morning, Xu Zhimo went north from Nanjing by China Airlines "Jinan" postal plane. Unexpectedly, the plane crashed and people died.
Bing Xin later wrote to Liang Shiqiu to mention this matter and said:
"... when it comes to women, it's hard to say whether it's a woman who misses him or a man who misses women. Zhimo is a butterfly, not a bee. The advantage of a woman is that she can't get it, and the disadvantage of a woman is that she makes him sacrifice. Here, I won't say it! "
Bing Xin didn't say who the "woman" was in her letter, but she and Late Autumn tacitly knew who she was talking about.
Among the three women closest to Xu Zhimo at that time, Lu Xiaoman married Xu Zhimo, Ling Shuhua married a professor at Peking University, and Lin married Liang Sicheng.
There is no news of love between Xu Zhimo and Ling Shuhua, so the "woman" mentioned by Bing Xin is obviously Lin. Later, Lin's son Liang Congjie said: "After Xu Zhimo was killed, public opinion put a lot of pressure on Lin."
Therefore, when Liang Congjie talked about Bing Xin, he was "furious" because the publishing house hired Bing Xin as the honorary editor-in-chief of the series and refused to include the works of Lin, the editor-in-chief of the classic novels of female writers in the Republic of China.
In fact, as far as their completely different personalities, temperament, attitude towards life and philosophy of life are concerned. With or without this novel, Bing Xin can't be true friends with Lin, because she "almost all women regard her as an enemy". * * * Two talented women living in the same cultural and academic circle seem to have inherited the traditional character of "belittling scholars" in China, and they don't like each other. Eventually, they become enemies from friends, and they will never contact each other.
1992, in a conversation with the Chinese Writers Association, Bing Xin inadvertently admitted the fact that novels are used for innuendo:
Of course, after all, readers can understand who she is alluding to. After all, Lu Xiaoman doesn't have the living room and guests of the cultural salon in the novel.
Of course, the forest that is alluded to by people can't avoid customs. Grasping the opportunity will "hit" Bing Xin.
/kloc-in the summer of 0/940, Song Meiling invited Bing Xin and Wu Wenzao to Chongqing to participate in the Anti-Japanese War in the name of alumni (who studied at Wellesley Women's College in the United States).
165438+ year 10, under the arrangement of Song Meiling, Mr. and Mrs. Wu Xie flew from Yunnan to Chongqing with three children and a nanny. All their luggage and furniture, including a Simmons mattress that Bing Xin is used to sleeping, were sent to Chongqing by a big truck.
Subsequently, Bing Xin became the director of the Cultural Department of the Women's Steering Committee, and Wu Wenzao became the counselor of the Counselor's Office of the Supreme National Defense Commission. The couple's life trajectory and family destiny have changed.
This is completely different from the Lin Liang couple's hasty escape from Peiping during the Anti-Japanese War:
When they escaped from Peiping, the couple had no choice but to throw away a lot of books, letters, calligraphy and painting, antiques, clothes and ornaments. Including Liang Sicheng's bronze mirror of the Warring States period given by Liang Qichao, sitting Buddha with white marble given to Lin, calligraphy rubbings in Wei and Jin Dynasties and handicrafts with ethnic customs. ......
They took their two children, endured illness and hunger, and hid in Tibet with the fleeing people and arrived in Changsha. Later, organized by the Ministry of Education, they formed a temporary university with teachers and students who fled. They are unarmed, singing the song of resisting Japan and saving the nation, and preparing to participate in the actual war of resistance. Lin said:
"For this lovely ancient country, it is an honor to be born with blood and die with or without blood!"
She even said to Liang Sicheng:
"Guess what I want to do most now? I really want to go to Shanxi to join the army! "
Lin will have this idea, which is naturally inseparable from her worries about the future of the country and her own hardships.
Therefore, when she learned that Bing Xin was received so gracefully and without loss in Chongqing and became a senior official, the jealousy among women was revealed. Lin wrote to Mr. and Mrs. Fei Zhengqing on 1940, saying:
"My friend' Bing Xin' (Bing Xin) will fly to Chongqing to be an official (nothing is more boring and useless than this), her family will fly, and all their belongings will be transported away by a registered truck obtained through networking, while hundreds of people who are really in important positions are not allowed to travel because of gasoline restrictions. She must be too valuable to our country! I'm sorry to tell you such a boring news! "
Although Lin criticized the Bingxin couple as "officials" in the national government, didn't the couple contribute to the country at that time? Compared with Lin's works, it is only different in form.
Now times have changed, and the two talented women have long since passed away. Lin died on April 5, 19551day; Bing Xin also died on February 28th, 1999 at the age of 99. As masters and writers in the field of architecture, as famous poets, writers and children's literature writers, both of them have made great achievements and outstanding contributions in their respective fields, and they are ancestors worthy of admiration and learning by future generations.
But in the pulpit, they are professors and everyone, but in life, they are really ordinary people, who are jealous like little women, write sour words and have to complain. This is really inconsistent with their identity, but it can't help but make people smile.
This may be the truest of them.
Zhang Yaojie: "Republic of China Red Powder" Rising Star Publishing House
Zhang Qingping: Biography of Lin, Chinese Literature and History Publishing House.
Zhuo Ru: The Complete Biography of Bing Xin, Hebei Education Press.