Rite and music culture is based on clan blood relationship and has different characteristics from western culture. What does the ritual and music culture represent? Harmony between man and nature? Attach importance to the concept of harmony, emphasize the unity of beauty and goodness, deeply embrace philosophical thinking, embody artistic pursuit, and express benevolence and morality. It is not only integrated with ancient political culture, but also an important supplement to the rule of law. Rites and music culture often becomes a diplomatic means, which has quasi-religious meaning and expresses the beliefs and pursuits of the ancients.
Rites and music culture typically embodies the basic characteristics of ancient China culture and is a unique creation of Chinese ancestors entering civilized society. As early as the heyday of the Western Zhou Dynasty, there were many kinds of rituals, among which courtesy and propriety? Three hundred classic three thousand songs? Said. The basic feature of some forms of these instruments is respect. Eleven years of Zuo Zhuan Xi Gong said:? Respect, courtesy, disrespect, courtesy. ? Confucius' Collection of Persuasions quoted the words in The Great Biography of Shangshu:? Confucius said: disrespectful and rude, rude and dishonest? . Five Blessingg the Pipe says:? If a lady is polite, she will respect, respect will respect, and respect will not exceed. ? It can be seen that respect, as a basic feature of etiquette, was recognized by Confucianism and other philosophers in the pre-Qin period, and Chu bamboo slips were no exception. In the "five elements", there are? Respect and respect, courtesy? ,? Respect and respect, courtesy? ,? Respect and dedication, courtesy? ; What's in "Sexual Pretending"? The guest ceremony must have the capacity of husband's fasting, the sacrifice must have the respect of husband's fasting, and the mourning must have the sorrow of husband's love? ; There is a saying in the first season? Was Li born in Zhuang nationality? . All these clearly show the characteristics of courtesy and respect, indicating that China was a country of etiquette in ancient times.
As for it? Le? , its basic characteristics are? And then what? . ? And then what? Originally, it refers to the harmonious relationship in phonemes. The second chapter of Laozi says:? Sound harmony? . Xunzi's Book of Rites on Music says:? People who enjoy themselves are never old. Musicians, try to reconcile. The musicians are in harmony. ? "Musicians are the sum of heaven and earth." What does all this mean? And then what? Is the basic feature of music.
In fact, in ancient China, music? And then what? With what? A gift? Collocation plays an auxiliary role in observing etiquette and expresses different harmonious thoughts. For example, Shangshu? Harmony of eight tones, no one wins, harmony between man and nature? , emphasizing the communication and harmony between man and spirit. What's in Mandarin Zhou Yu Xia? Peace and happiness, peace and security? . Sound and rhythm are even. As a result, yin does not stagnate, yang does not disperse, yin and yang are orderly, and wind and rain come, and people and interests are numerous. Things are ready, things are done. ? It emphasizes the harmony between man and nature.
The Book of Rites says:? It is Wang Ben's love, the ceremony of gathering, the ceremony of making, the sum of anger, and the trip of the Five Immortals, which makes it yang but not scattered, yin but not dense, just angry but not angry, soft but not angry, and Chinese and foreign four-handed attacks are all invincible. Then learn from it, broaden its rhythm and preserve its literary talent. Rough rope, small method, big method? As the order of the ending, we should act like a thing, so that we can see the principle of closeness between men, women and children in happiness. So? Optimism? . ? The focus is on the harmony of interpersonal relationships. In addition, Chu bamboo slips "Five Elements" say:? Have fun together ,? Harmony is the same, both are good? . Respecting morality and emphasizing righteousness says: If you want to cure happiness and sorrow, don't be confused. On the contrary, just go. ? Music is associated with people's harmonious psychology, and it is believed that music can reconcile feelings, make interpersonal relationships harmonious and make people behave better. It even thinks that music can effectively vent people's sadness, making it tend to be peaceful, chaotic and chaotic, so as not to violate etiquette.
The ancient people in China attached great importance to the educational function of rites and music, and regarded it as an important means of self-cultivation and ceremony-keeping, which is one of the important purposes of the system of rites and music saints. Shang Shu shun Dian:? The emperor said, Xiao Wei,
The teaching of rites and music is considered to be able to reconcile people's hearts and make the monarch live in harmony with his subjects, father and son, brother, husband and wife, mother-in-law and daughter-in-law. Confucius put the teaching of rites and music through all aspects of teaching. He said:? Poetry, calligraphy, ceremony and music, disciples teach the public, come from afar. ? He took Zuo Gong's Twenty-six Years Poems, Books, Rites, Music and Yi as the textbook and asked the students? Read widely and be polite? . He put forward the famous? Take poetry as pleasure, ceremony as ceremony, and joy as pleasure? The educational goal of. Xunzi, the successor of Confucius, emphasized more clearly in Chunqiu. The rites and music of the former dynasty were not based on expressing people's desires, teaching people love and hate, and opposing benevolence and righteousness. ?
In a word, the pre-Qin Confucianists, as the inheritors of the thought of rites and music in the Western Zhou Dynasty, paid special attention to the educational function of rites and music. Chu Jian's Theory of Music says: Mainly teaching politicians. If you teach it by ethics, the people will reward it by strength. If you like teaching, people will fight for it. ? Respecting morality and emphasizing righteousness also emphasizes the education of rites and music, saying: sages will abide by its order according to their own class, follow it in turn, embody its significance, preserve it, go in and out according to their own feelings, and then resume classes. Teaching is also for those who are born with virtue. ? In other words, morality is born in the heart by means of discussion, disobedience, frugality and understanding. ? Advise the rulers to take human feelings as beauty and benevolence as value, and cultivate good manners, neat appearance, cheerfulness and openness, so as to establish a social form of mutual respect, peace and harmony.
In a word, the culture of rites and music can best reflect the basic characteristics of ancient China culture, no matter from its foundation, characteristics and theory, or from its educational function and academic influence.