Place of Birth: Tongwei County, Gansu Province
Date of birth: 179 1 year
Date of death: 1875
Masterpiece: Complete Works of the Provincial Government Zhai
Niu Shumei's Family Instructions
Prosperous people are often worthless, and those in adversity are often frustrated; If people can work hard in prosperity and cheer up in adversity, they are not thick, but they are born in Ercheng. In addition, people who are blessed must have ambition. -Excerpted from "Passing through my hometown Tongwei", this sentence is Niu Shumei's calligraphy hall, hidden in Niu Zhimin's ancestral home.
Niude's poem
Guantoushan
All the way to Qingyun, vast and green.
Mountain flowers have a state, and wild birds are semi-nameless.
(History of lishixinzhi.com) The mist is clear and the stream is clear.
The field is bordered by it, and this drink is peaceful for a long time.
Then in the middle of the summit, Gankun looked over.
People sing flowing songs, and I sing Dajiangdong.
Ruiqi welcomes Guanzi, and the sun shines through the sea.
Deng Raosheng, Fu Hengge.
Family history of Niu Shumei
Niu Zuo Lin, whose real name is Zhenfeng, is from Niujiapo, Jichuan Town, Tongwei County, and his ancestral home is Yanshi, Henan Province. He was born on March 1st in the thirty-eighth year of Qianlong (1773) and died on August 27th in the first year of Xianfeng (185 1). During the Chenghua period in the middle of Ming Dynasty (1465— 1487), ancestors lived in Niujiapo, Jincheng Town (now Tongwei Jichuan Town). When I was a child in Benshan, my family was as poor as a church mouse with a small salary. I tried not to study, but I woke up crying in my dream. After the age of 20, I began to learn from my father, but I didn't specialize in extreme poverty. For example, I took advantage of electricity to get a needle, and I didn't make up my apprentice until I was 30. At the age of forty-three, he was too ill to take care of his family, so he stopped doing business and devoted himself to his original study. After four years of Daoguang, I left the library and stayed at home, doing housework while studying. In the thirty-fourth year of Daoguang (1844), his son Niu Shumei welcomed him into Sichuan and raised him. If he had stayed for two years, Daoguang would have returned to his hometown in the thirty-sixth year (1846). During this period, I traveled thousands of miles back and forth and passed through seventy years of age. I sit in the field and never tire of learning. I sleep, feed books, read during the day and recite at night. Mr. Yushan's life was arduous and indomitable, like water, hot and cold, along the way. He has a very deep understanding and appreciation of the word "Gangmi". He taught his son earnestly, hoping not to abandon Zhu Cheng. After his master and nephew became officials, Mr. Yushan never forgot to inculcate, always inspired, and prepared a way of being honest, diligent and loving the people. Therefore, his eldest son Niu was famous for his Neo-Confucianism at that time. The firmer you get in your later years, the more energetic you are. "Over 70 years old, I still sit up straight and have no inclination", which was practiced in the place of physical and mental life and invented in the books of sages. He once said: "I often feel that this kind of guilt is useful in silence, which is also Zen." If you crave this realm, once you enter the scene, no one will be at a loss. "Mr. Yu Shan's works, such as Lei Bian, Niu's Jia Yan, etc., have been spread all over the world, and part of Niu's Jia Yan has been adopted by the court's Wen Bian.
First, help the poor and strengthen the "voice first"
Mr. Yu Shan is a scholar from generation to generation, and he has a good style of doing research. His predecessor served as Tongwei instructor during Chenghua in the middle of Ming Dynasty. His great-great-grandfather Niu Kuan was knowledgeable and reasonable, and everyone in the village called him a good man. In the thirteenth year of Chongzhen in the late Ming Dynasty, the powerful family plotted to murder the Niu Kuan family, and the Niu Kuan family (including his second son, one of whom was Yushan's great-grandfather Teng Han) fled far away. Sixteen years in exile, thirteen years back to Li Shunzhi. After Mao returned to his hometown, he "had the ambition to follow the precedent, and was a gentleman at that time, still having the wind of the Ming Dynasty." After his great-grandfather Niu Xinghuan entered the city, he had a great responsibility. "There are * * * jobs outside, and farming and reading businesses inside." Uncle Bull Jade was a juren in the Yiyou family in the forty-fourth year of Kangxi (1705). Grandfather Lu Niu paid tribute to Guanfeng County during the Qianlong period. Father Niu Zengmao also paid tribute to Ganlong.
Due to the hard work and efforts of several generations of ancestors, in the first half of Grandpa's life, the Niu family was not rich and had no worries about food and clothing. However, because the ancestors "can't concentrate on studying and have a career at the same time", they are greatly embarrassed in the second half of their lives. By the time his father Niu Zengmao arrived, he was hungry and cold, "worried about studying and being forced to study", and almost cultivated and studied. When I caught Yushan, I ended up with my grandmother, and my family was embarrassed and poor. When Yushan was nine years old, he and his brother changed shepherds for the rich and were scolded and tortured by shepherds. At the age of thirteen, I was the only breadwinner, "cold food, short quail clothes, going out early and returning late". Famine has occurred frequently since 17 years old. In order to support their families, they often turn to domestic servants and even beg behind closed doors. During this period, he suffered from hunger, fled the country and was killed by his master. At the age of forty-three, he suffered from chronic leg diseases, which tortured him for the rest of his life. His family life is so poor and his fate is so good, but he never forgets his "family voice", never gives up his family business, never gives up his ambition, is diligent in poetry and lyrics, and is obsessed with Confucianism. Read less when herding sheep with my brother during the day; When I was 15 or 16, I wanted to study, but I didn't allow it. I think about it day and night and often cry in my dreams. At the age of twenty-three, my father took care of Pingchuan in the library, starting with my father. However, "I can't go when I am busy with farming, I can't go when I am poor, I can't go when I am hungry, and I can learn less and let go." In his thirties, he bowed his head to hard labor, stole time to study, and then reluctantly went to town. Every time I go to the farm, strangers under the tree are places to study; Rest after ploughing is the time to teach. At night, there is no oil lamp, or the neighborhood makes a fire, or the incense shines, or crouches in the corner, reading in the moonlight. The tenacious will and fighting spirit of the ancients to "pay salaries" and "burn chaff" have been fully demonstrated in Yushan, which is admirable. Although Mr. Yushan's family life gradually improved in the second half of his life, leg diseases have been bothering him physically and mentally. But for the sake of grandeur and ambition, he paid his career, which made future generations rely on, became more and more self-motivated, concentrated on his studies and enjoyed it. "Work hard without regret."