"Read 3 Tang poems by heart, and you can sing even if you can't." As a treasure in the treasure house of Chinese literature, "Tang poetry" has traveled through time and space, and after thousands of years of history, it still radiates dazzling wisdom. Among the Tang poems, the Three Hundred Poems of Tang Poetry compiled by the retired scholars in the Qing Dynasty is the most famous and widely circulated. More than 3 well-known poems have been condensed and selected from 5, Tang poems, which can hardly be completed without great mind and boldness of vision.
3 Poems of Tang Dynasty became popular in China after its final edition, and one copy was bought at home. Although it was catchy to read, it was hard to understand because there were few printed notes. Throughout a number of notes on Tang poems, the notes on Chen Boying's history of women in the Yuan Dynasty are the most popular. After reading Chen Boying's annotated 3 Poems of Tang Dynasty, I realized that you can't write a poem without a word, and you can't read a poem without an assessment. Every time I read Tang poetry, I feel endless aftertaste and profound meaning.
Confucius said that the 3 poems of the Book of Songs are summed up as "thinking innocently". Whether describing the love of young men and women or the voice of the people, the words and expressions in the Book of Songs can make people feel the simplicity of the ancients' thoughts and express their feelings without hypocrisy. That kind of "truth" makes people envy and like it. Reading Du Fu's "Beauty" will also give you this feeling of "thinking innocently".
There are many poems written by male poets to describe beautiful women, most of which are narrated from their own perspectives, with a strong subjective color. There are few poems that are objectively described like Du Fu, and the readers judge right and wrong by themselves without the guidance of the author.
who is lovelier than she?, yet she lives alone in an empty valley. She tells me she came from a good family, which is humbled now into the dust.
when trouble arose in the Kuan district, her brothers and close kin were killed. What use were their high offices, not even shielding their own lives?.
the world has but scorn for adversity, hope goes out, like the light of a candle. Her husband, with a vagrant heart, seeks a new face like a new piece of jade.
and when morning-glories furl at night, and mandarin-ducks lie side by side. All he can see is the smile of the new love, while the old love weeps unheard.
the brook was pure in its mountain source, but away from the mountain its waters darken. Waiting for her maid to come from selling pearls, for straw to cover the roof again.
she picks a few flowers, no longer for her hair, and lets pine-needles fall through her fingers. And, forgetting her thin silk sleeve and the cold, she leans in the sunset by a tall bamboo.
In June, the first year of Ganyuan in Tang Suzong (AD 758), Du Fu was reduced from left to Huazhou Sigong to join the army. In July of the following year, he resolutely abandoned his official position, married a young woman, and lived in Qin Zhou, where he collected acorns and chestnuts with a negative salary and made a living by himself. Beauty was written in the autumn of this year. At the time of the war, Du Fu's experience and the experience of a beautiful woman were quite famous, so this poem became a rare masterpiece of Du Fu's ode to beauty.
The poem is divided into three paragraphs, each with eight sentences. The first paragraph is about the unfortunate experience of a beautiful family. In the second paragraph, the beautiful woman confided in the great misfortune of abandoning her husband. In the third paragraph, praise the beauty's moral integrity despite her misfortune.
The fifth to eighth sentences describe that when the war comes, brothers and sisters can't reunite. Although officials are high, they can't control their own destiny. They can only rise and fall with the world, which seems to be Du Fu's feeling. He changed from picking up leftovers to joining the army in Huazhou, and then abandoned his official. Things can't be predicted, so there is nothing to talk about high and low officials. At this time, Du Fu seems to be less enthusiastic about being an official. Nine or ten sentences are like the self-narration of a beautiful woman and the author's lament. People in the world hate decline, and everything is like a candle in the wind. Among them, "Turn the candle" is quoted from Yu Jianwu's poem: Talking about turning the candle to the wind and taking a temporary photo of Guangling Qin. According to legend, Yu Jianwu was arrested by Song Zixian, his ministry, because of the chaos in Hou Jing. Song said, "I heard that you can write poems in the past, but now I can do it. If I can, I will owe you my life." Yu Jianwu recorded "Poems Being Written" with a brush, and expressed his life yearning without condescending. After reading it, Song Zixian let him go. This incident has become a much-told story of "living by poetry". There are many words to describe the war and the impermanence of the world, but Du Fu used the word "turn the candle" and quoted an allusion, which included the background of the Anshi Rebellion. It was really brilliant. Next, the poet narrates that the beautiful woman was abandoned by her frivolous husband, a new one and an old one, and the contrast was strong, which made people more sympathetic to the beautiful woman's experience. It also tells us a little bit about biology. "He Fainted" is quoted from "The Records of Local Habits": He Fainted, Jin Ye, Hua Chen Shu and He Fainted. Materia Medica: Albizia Albizia, that is, night marriage. Many people are planted in addition to the court, and one is unconscious. This is a time-varying flower that blooms during the day and closes the flowers at night. "Yuanyang" is quoted from Emperor Liang Yuan's "Ode to Yuanyang": I don't know that Yuanyang is chasing each other and all live together. Zheng's "praise of the faint ceremony": Yuanyang birds are male and female, and the flying stops. Press: The male name is Yuanyang and the female name is Yuanyang. Jiang Zong's poem: and mandarin-ducks lie side by side on the pond. These two birds are so dear to each other and inseparable that they never stay alone. It's really rare to think about it.
Although she was abandoned by her husband, Jiaren still insisted on her moral integrity. The hut is broken. Take some vines and mend it. Without food, the only maid-in-waiting had to sell her jewelry for food. Although I picked the flowers, I didn't have the heart to put them in my head. I just often picked a handful of cypress branches. It's cold and the sun has set. She wears a thin green shirt and leans quietly against the slender bamboo tree. If in modern times, such a beautiful and moving woman lives such a poor life, it is incredible. But in the eyes of the ancients, it was very noble. Although borrowing scenery is better than people, there is no evil thought and no human lust. This is probably the "thinking innocence" in people's minds. The sentence "the brook was pure in its mountain source, but away from the mountain its waters darken" is very confusing to read. I thought that the spring water was clear when the beautiful woman was on the mountain, because she cried all day, and the spring water was muddy when she came out of the mountain. I didn't know what I understood until I read the notes. The ancients thought that "keeping the integrity and changing the chastity" meant that although the beautiful woman was abandoned by her husband and lived a poor life, she still kept the chastity and never married. The so-called fierce woman never married two husbands, which was called "women's virtue". In the mountains, it was not only to avoid war and live in an empty valley, but also to stick to chastity and adhere to the "women's virtue" to express the innocence of the beautiful woman with spring water. Coming out of the mountain means remarriage, and the turbid spring water can't keep the meaning of moral integrity. Du Fu is here to express the nobleness of a beautiful woman's moral integrity, and at the same time, he is also showing his mind. Before the official was picked up by Zuo, he was captured by the rebels. After he escaped from danger, he went to Tang Suzong and was awarded an official position. During his capture, Du Fu did not bow to the rebels, and never forgot to serve the country. How can it be admirable to serve the country and the people? The fact that a beautiful woman lives in poverty and stays sober is similar to Du Fu's living in poverty without forgetting to serve the country. However, because of the same situation and the same ambition of staying sober, the two people who meet by chance have reached a huge * * * sound in their hearts, which makes people feel pity for this abandoned wife and vaguely feel Du Fu's mind of worrying about the country and the people.
When it comes to beauty's chastity, people can't help but think of the tactfulness of modern people, who put interests first and have no intention of "guarding morality" at all. When Nazi German soldiers invaded the world, they only thought of the Fuehrer's orders, but they didn't think it was "against the morality of soldiers". When we do things for the benefit, no matter what the reason, please think about this poor beauty first, please think about "morality" first.