Increase your students' understanding of calligraphy, because it is best to practice calligraphy from regular script and official script, and Yan Ti is the easiest to get started in regular script, and being able to write a good hand is an inexhaustible asset in your life.
Yan Zhenqing introduces:
Yan Zhenqing (79-79) His great-grandfather, grandfather and father all worked as official seals, and his mother Yin was also good at calligraphy.
political life
In the year of Kaiyuan (713-741), he was promoted to the Imperial Academy, and was appointed as the supervisor of the imperial history for four times, and moved to the temple to serve the imperial history. Rejected by Yang Guozhong, the powerful minister at that time, he was banished to Pingyuan (now Shandong) as a satrap. Known as Yan Pingyuan. During Su Zong's reign, Fengxiang granted the minister of constitutional affairs and moved to the imperial historian. During the reign of Emperor Zong, the official went to the official department to be a minister, and the prince was a teacher. He was named Duke Lu, and was called "Duke Yan Lu".
In the 14th year of Tianbao (755), Pinglu, Fanyang, and Hedong towns made An Lushan rebel in our time. He contacted his brother Yan Gaoqing to rise up and resist, and 17 counties nearby were promoted as allies, with 2, troops, which made An Lushan afraid to attack Tongguan in a hurry. In the first year of Dezong Xingyuan, Li Xilie rebelled in Huaixi, and Lu Qi, a traitor, took the opportunity to borrow Li Xilie's hand to kill him and sent him to persuade him to be hanged by Li Xilie. Upon hearing of Yan Zhenqing's murder, the soldiers of the three armed forces burst into tears.
Six months later, the rebel general Li Xilie was killed by his own men, and the rebellion was put down. Yan Zhenqing's coffin was escorted back to Beijing and buried in the ancestral hall of Yanshi in Jingzhao for ten thousand years. Emperor Dezong painstakingly wrote a letter to abolish the dynasty for five days, and the whole country mourned. De Zongqin issued an imperial edict, remembering that Yan Zhenqing's life was "only excellent in Kuang Guo, loyal to the body, endowed with organic talent, outstanding in public loyalty, faithful in four dynasties, tired of being held under duress, untiring in death, and observing its heyday, which is really still alive". He is honest, honest and honest, has a sense of justice, never condescends to the powerful, condescends to flatter, and is famous for his righteousness.
artistic life
Yan Zhenqing, a descendant of Langya family, has a profound family knowledge, and Yan Shigu, the fifth ancestor, is a famous scholar in the Northern Qi Dynasty, who wrote Family Instructions of Yan Family. When Yan Zhenqing was young, his family was poor and lacked paper and pens, so he used a pen to brush loess water to practice calligraphy on the wall. Chu Suiliang was a beginner, and later learned from Zhang Xu's brushwork, and absorbed the characteristics of the four schools in the early Tang Dynasty, and accepted the brushwork of Zhuanli and the Northern Wei Dynasty. He completed the vigorous and broad creation of Yan-style regular script and set a model for regular script in the Tang Dynasty.
His regular script is contrary to the calligraphy style of the early Tang Dynasty, and it is characterized by the brush strokes. It is a typical example of the perfect combination of calligraphy beauty and personality beauty. His calligraphy style is called "Yan Ti", and it is also called "Yan Liu" with Liu Gongquan, and has the reputation of "Yan Jin Liu Gu".
Ouyang Xiu once said, "Yan Gongshu is like a loyal martyr and a moral gentleman. He is strict and respectful, and people are afraid at first sight, but the longer he gets, the more lovely he becomes. There are many people who see treasures in the world, but they are not tired of it. " Zhu Changwen praised his book: "The point is like a falling stone, the painting is like a Xia Yun, the hook is like a bow, the Ge is like a crossbow, and it is low-spirited and ambitious. Since it was dedicated, it has never been as public." Yan Ti Shu had a far-reaching influence on the development of calligraphy art in later generations. After the Tang Dynasty, many famous artists learned from the success of Yan Zhenqing's political reform. Especially cursive, after the Tang Dynasty, some famous artists learned from Yan Zhenqing on the basis of studying the two kings and established their own style. Su Shi Ceng Yun: "Poetry as for Du Zimei, literature as for Han's retreat, painting as for Wu Daozi, and book as for Yan Lugong, and the changes of ancient and modern times can do everything in the world." (Dongpo Inscription and Postscript)
He is the author of Wu Xingji, Luzhou and Linchuan. Yan Zhenqing wrote a lot of steles in his life, which have been handed down to this day: Duobaota Monument, which is dignified and dense in structure, beautiful and charming; "Dong Fangshuo Paintings Praise Monument", with a strong style of Qingyuan; "Inscription of the Golden Heavenly King Shrine" is more dignified and vigorous; "Zang Huaike Monument" is majestic and vigorous; "Guo Jia Miao Bei" is graceful and smooth; Ma Gu Xian Tan Ji is vigorous and solemn, with exquisite structure and charm. Ode to the Great Tang Dynasty, carved on a cliff, is the largest regular script in Yan Zhenqing, and its calligraphy is square and smooth, showing no bones and muscles. The Song Dynasty Monument, also known as the Song Guangping Monument, is open and vigorous. "Baguan Pavilion reported good deeds", with strict weather; "Yuanjiebei" is vigorous and profound; "Ganlu Zishu", with emphasis on harmony; Li Xuanjing's stele is vigorous in calligraphy, but its thin strokes are not the same as other steles.
the tablet of Yan's family temple is rich in calligraphy, and it is also his proud work in his later years. Handed down from ancient times, there are Sticks for Seats, Manuscripts for Sacrificing Nephews, Liu Zhong's Ambassador Sticks, and Self-written Confessions.
main works
1. Portrait praise of Dong Fangshuo: There are two regular script works of Portrait Praise of Dong Fangshuo, one of which is written in small letters by Wang Xizhi and the other in large letters by Yan Zhenqing. This inscription, with the inscription "Han Taizhong's doctor, Mr. Dongfang, painted praise and preface", was established in Dezhou in the 13th year of Tang Tianbao, when he was 46 years old in Yan Zhenqing. Su Dongpo once studied this monument and wrote: "Yan Lugong wrote a monument all his life, but this monument is Qing Xiong." The words are clear, and then I saw Wang Youjun's book. I know that the words are close to this book. Although the size is different, the charm is good. " There is a saying in the Ming Dynasty: "Calligraphy is vigorous and vigorous, and it is a proud pen of Duke Lu."
2. Memorial manuscript: cursive script. During the Anshi Rebellion, Yan Gaoqing, a cousin of Duke Lu, was appointed as the satrap of Changshan County, and thieves and soldiers advanced on him, so that Taiyuan saved our troops and even the city was broken, and Yan Gaoqing and his son Yan Jiming were killed. Therefore, the article says, "The thief and the minister can't save, the lonely city is surrounded, the father is trapped and the child is dead, and the nest is overturned." Afterwards, Duke Lu sent his nephew Quan Ming to clean up the mess, and he only got a foot and Ji Ming's skull, so he did it. Lu Gong was fifty years old. Calligraphy works as a word, and there are words as people say. Duke Lu is a loyal and heroic man, and his life is awe-inspiring. His spiritual integrity is reflected in calligraphy. This manuscript is the most enjoyable for book critics. This post is originally a manuscript, and the deletion and daubing of it shows that Duke Lu conceived the article, and his feelings fluctuated from beginning to end, so he wrote it with flying spirits, magnificent brushwork and natural charm. All the places where the pen is exhausted and the belt is pulled can be clearly seen. Throughout, I used a slightly bald pen, with a round and healthy brushwork, and I turned myself in to the end because of the dry ink. Although the ink color changed a lot because of the initial pause, the black ash was thick and dry, but it was done in one go. In the Yuan Dynasty, Zhang Jingyan wrote an inscription: "It is better to tell than to write a letter, and it is better to draft a letter. The cover is an official work, although the end of the letter is a rope contract; Letters are quite indulgent when they are on a whim; And the drafting was unintentional, and it was the palm of his hand that was forgotten. It is wonderful to see it here. " Yuan Xianyu commented on this post as "the second running script in the world".
3. Multi-Pagoda Monument: The full name is "Multi-Pagoda Induction Monument of Qianfu Temple in Xijing, Datang", which was built on April 2th in the 11th year of Tianbao (752), written by Cenxun, inscribed by Yan Zhenqing Shu Dan and Xu Hao, and engraved by Shihua. It is now in the forest of steles in Xi 'an. The inscription is about longxing temple in Xijing and monk Chu reading "Hokkekyo" in the quiet night today, as if there were many stupas in front of him from time to time. He was determined to turn the stupas in the illusion into reality. In the first year of Tianbao, Qianfu Temple was selected for construction, which took four years to complete. In Qianfu Temple, Hokkekyo and Bodhisattva precepts are written for emperors and ordinary people every year, which is of special significance in the history of Buddhism. This tablet is Yan Zhenqing's early famous work, and its writing is respectful and sincere, which directly reflects the legacy of the two kings, Europe, Yu and Chu, but it has obvious similarities with the writings of the Tang Dynasty, indicating that Yan Zhenqing paid great attention to absorbing nutrition from the folk calligraphy art while learning from the previous calligraphers. The whole article is well-structured, with a Wusi fence between the lines. The stippling is round, dignified and beautiful, and it seems to be quiet and moving, and it is fascinating. He inherited the traditional works. Postscript to Calligraphy and Painting: "This is Lu Gong's most even and stable book, and it is also full of charm and vulgarity. It is the originator of historians in modern times."
4. The Story of Magu Xiantan: The full name is "The Story of Magu Mountain Xiantan in Nancheng County, Fuzhou, Tang Dynasty", in regular script. Yan Zhenqing wrote and wrote books. When Yan Zhenqing was appointed as the secretariat of Fuzhou, he was frustrated in his official career, so he sometimes asked about Zen. Visiting Magu Mountain in Nancheng County in April of that year and writing an article about Magu's attainment of immortality was a reflection of the mood at this time. This monument is solemn and magnificent, which has always been valued by people. It is one of the representative works of Yan Ti, and it was Yan Zhenqing's work in his sixties. At this time, the style of Yan Zhenqing's regular script has been perfected. Ouyang Xiu's Collection of Ancient Records said: "This monument is steep and tight, especially refined, and the strokes are all fine."
5. Yan Qinli Monument: The full name of this monument is "Tombstone, the military protector in the history of the governor of Langkuizhou, the secretary province". Yan Qinli is Yan Zhenqing's great-grandfather. When Yan Zhenqing wrote and published this monument, he was 71 years old. Except for Ji Gu Lu and Jin Shi Lu, his books are speechless. Now it is hidden in the forest of steles in Xi 'an. Because this monument has been buried in the soil for a long time, it is undamaged, as fresh as new, and it can convey the true colors of Yan Shu with great vigor.
6. Ode to Zhongxing: full name of Ode to Zhongxing in Datang, in regular script. Yuan Jie wrote an article, and Yan Zhenqing wrote on Cliff. At the age of 63, he is now in Wuxi, Qiyang County, Hunan Province. Yuanjie was a famous writer in the Tang Dynasty. After he was dismissed from office, he lived in Wuxi, where mountains and rocks were stacked and the stone walls were rugged. Ode to Zhongxing is carved on one of the largest stone walls. This article records the rebellion in Lushan Mountain and praises the things of Tang Zhongxing. At the moment, the stone book is upright and magnificent, and the stone is hard. It has been preserved intact for thousands of years. "Ji Gu Lu" praised this cliff carving stone "the calligraphy is particularly wonderful and the language is quaint." "Guang Chuan's Book Postscript" was rated as: "The Taishi praised you for your book title, and it was precious in the past."
7. Yanjia Temple Monument: The full name is "Tang Gu Tong Yi Doctor Walk Xue Wang You Zhu Guo Gift Secretary Shao Jian Guo Zi Drink Sacrifice Prince Shao Bao Yan Jun Temple Inscription and Preface", written by Yan Zhenqing. The first year of Tang Jianzhong was established in July (78), and the monument was in Xi 'an, Shaanxi. Ming Zhao Han's "Graphite Engraving China" says: "This book is written in the same way as" Oriental Praise ",which is vigorous and straightforward, with faint strokes." Wang Shizhen said, "I have tried to comment on Yan Lugong's" Monument to the Family Temple "and thought that there was a jade-ribbed body among the modern nationalities. Elegant and dignified, Zhuang Mi is quite beautiful. A true calligrapher is a treasure. "
8. Seating posts: also known as "On Seating Posts" and "Shooting with Guo Servants", cursive. It is a letter manuscript of Yan Zhenqing and Guo Yingzhi in the second year of Tang Guangde (764). In the Song Dynasty, it was once owned by An Shiwen of Chang 'an, who used it as a stone. The stone is now in the forest of steles in Xi 'an, Shaanxi, and the ink is not passed on. Su Shi once saw the original work in An's place and praised it: "This is even more strange than publishing other books. It is trustworthy and self-written, and it has a gesture." This post is a fine cursive script of Yan Zhenqing. Throughout the whole calligraphy, the words are consistent, and the tiger is alive. This manuscript is written by Yan Zhenqing because he is dissatisfied with the arrogance of power traitors. Therefore, it is full of momentum, strong and open-minded, and there is a sense of loyalty between the lines, which shows Yan Zhenqing's strong honest and frank and simple and honest character. Up to now, for more than a thousand years, reading it is awe-inspiring. This post was originally a draft, and the author meditated between words and phrases, but did not care about pen and ink, but it was full of paper and became a masterpiece in the history of calligraphy Later generations called this post and Preface to Lanting as "two treasures".
9. Self-written poster: regular script. The calligraphy is vigorous and rigorous, and the small print of the title is meticulous and light. Zhan Jingfeng called this book: "Calligraphy is ancient and vigorous, and it is powerful, and the body is natural." It makes the turn really like a northerner using a horse and a southerner using a boat. Although it is a stroke, the time is rich and three times. " Dong Qichang said: "There are very few people who are curious and unrestrained in this volume." Between the lines of this post, we can understand the subtle changes of Yan Shuhang's style and structure, which is a rare example for future generations to learn regular script.
in addition to his achievements in calligraphy, Yan Zhenqing also studied paleontological fossils. In the sixth year of Tang Daizong Dali (AD 771), Yan Zhenqing was the secretariat of Fuzhou in present-day Jiangxi Province. Once, he saw some snail shell fossils sandwiched in the stratum near an ancient altar in Magushan, Nancheng County. He carefully studied this phenomenon and put forward his argument: it used to be an ocean, but later it became land, and those fossils are evidence. For this reason, he wrote a paper "The Fairy Altar of Magu Mountain in Nancheng, Fuzhou" and carved it in stone-of course, later generations often admire only the calligraphy of the word tablet of Yan Gong, which is called "the second book in the world".